Trigger

FrameowrkElement, Style, DataTemplate和ControlTemplate都有一个Triggers集合。

Trigger分三类:

Property trigger: dependency property改变时触发。对应的Trigger类。比较Property和Value的值,如果相同,则触发,如不同不触发或撤消更改。常见的例子是用bool值作触发条件,但是请记得,只要Property和Value值相同就会触发,并不一定必须使用如IsMouseOver这样的bool值。

Data trigger:普通的.net属性改变时触发。对应的DataTrigger类。使用 DataTrigger,可以在数据对象的属性值与指定的 Value 匹配时设置属性值。例如,在显示 Employee 对象列表时,可能希望前景色根据每个 Employee 的当前出勤情况而变化。(例如,用紫色前景色显示当前正在休假的 Employee。) 在有些情况下,创建转换器或使用 DataTemplateSelector 可能会更适合。有关更多信息,请参见 数据模板化概述

Data trigger适用于数据绑定的情况。

Event trigger: 由事件触发。对应的是EventTrigger类。与上面两个Trigger不一样的是,Event trigger不会在条件不满足时撤消操作。

请注意,使用 EventTrigger 时,需要选择不会影响控件内在行为的事件。控件(例如 ButtonTextBox)执行有关用户输入事件(如鼠标单击和键盘事件)的特定操作。例如,如果要对按钮进行样式设置,并尝试将 MouseDown 事件设置为 EventTrigger 的 RoutedEvent,则永远也不会应用 EventTrigger,因为该事件将首先经过按钮的处理。可以改用 PreviewMouseDown 事件或其他事件。

由于以上三个Trigger都是继承自TriggerBase类,所以也都有EnterActionsExitActions属性,分别记录Trigger变为活动状态时及变为非活动状态时的TriggerAction 对象的集合,而这两个属性是对Event trigger不适用的。

Property trigger:

            <Style x:Key="buttonStyle" TargetType="{x:Type Button}">
                <Style.Triggers>
                    <Trigger Property="IsMouseOver" Value="True">
                        <Setter Property="RenderTransform">
                            <Setter.Value>
                                <RotateTransform Angle="10"/>
                            </Setter.Value>
                        </Setter>
                        <Setter Property="Foreground" Value="Black"/>
                    </Trigger>
                </Style.Triggers>
                <Setter Property="FontSize" Value="22"/>
                <Setter Property="Background" Value="Purple"/>
                <Setter Property="Foreground" Value="White"/>
                <Setter Property="Height" Value="50"/>
                <Setter Property="Width" Value="50"/>
                <Setter Property="RenderTransformOrigin" Value=".5,.5"/>
            </Style>

Data trigger:

    <StackPanel Width="200">

        <StackPanel.Resources>

            <Style TargetType="{x:Type TextBox}">

                <Style.Triggers>

                    <DataTrigger

Binding="{Binding RelativeSource={RelativeSource Self}, Path=Text}"

Value="disabled">

                        <Setter Property="IsEnabled" Value="False"/>

                    </DataTrigger>

                </Style.Triggers>

                <Setter Property="Background" 

Value="{Binding RelativeSource={RelativeSource Self}, Path=Text}"/>

            </Style>

        </StackPanel.Resources>

        <TextBox Margin="3"/>

    </StackPanel>

 

Event Trigger:

<Style TargetType="Rectangle">

  <Setter Property="Width" Value="50" />

  <Setter Property="Height" Value="50" />

  <Setter Property="Margin" Value="20" />

  <Setter Property="HorizontalAlignment" Value="Left" />

  <Style.Triggers>

    <EventTrigger RoutedEvent="MouseEnter">

        <BeginStoryboard>

            <Storyboard>

              <DoubleAnimation To="300" Duration="0:0:1.5" 

                AccelerationRatio="0.10" DecelerationRatio="0.25" 

                Storyboard.TargetProperty="(Canvas.Width)" />

            </Storyboard>

        </BeginStoryboard>

    </EventTrigger>

    <EventTrigger RoutedEvent="MouseLeave">

        <BeginStoryboard>

            <Storyboard>

              <DoubleAnimation Duration="0:0:1.5" 

                AccelerationRatio="0.10" DecelerationRatio="0.25" 

                Storyboard.TargetProperty="(Canvas.Width)" />

            </Storyboard>

        </BeginStoryboard>

    </EventTrigger>

  </Style.Triggers>

</Style>
 

Trigger中“与”“或”逻辑的表示

“或”逻辑很简单,只要对同一对象上设置多个trigger就可以

<Style.Triggers>

    <Trigger Property="IsMouseOver" Value="True">

        <Setter Property="RenderTransform">

        <Setter.Value>

             <RotateTransform Angle="10"/>

        </Setter.Value>

        </Setter>

        <Setter Property="Foreground" Value="Black"/>

    </Trigger>

    <Trigger Property="IsFocused" Value="True">

        <Setter Property="RenderTransform">

        <Setter.Value>

             <RotateTransform Angle="10"/>

        </Setter.Value>

        </Setter>

        <Setter Property="Foreground" Value="Black"/>

    </Trigger>

</Style.Triggers>

“与”操作时,需要用到MultiTrigger和MultiDataTrigger(两者也都继承于TriggerBase),两者的区别就像Trigger和DataTrigger一样。“与”的判断是通过Conditions对象来判断的,只有Conditions中计算出来都为true时才能触发:
MultiTrigger:

<Style.Triggers>

  <Trigger Property="IsEnabled" Value="false">

    <Setter Property="Background" Value="#EEEEEE" />

  </Trigger>

  <MultiTrigger>

    <MultiTrigger.Conditions>

      <Condition Property="HasItems" Value="false" />

      <Condition Property="Width" Value="Auto" />

    </MultiTrigger.Conditions>

    <Setter Property="MinWidth" Value="120"/>

  </MultiTrigger>

  <MultiTrigger>

    <MultiTrigger.Conditions>

      <Condition Property="HasItems" Value="false" />

      <Condition Property="Height" Value="Auto" />

    </MultiTrigger.Conditions>

    <Setter Property="MinHeight" Value="95"/>

  </MultiTrigger>

</Style.Triggers>

 

MultriDataTrigger:

<Window.Resources>

  <c:Places x:Key="PlacesData"/>



  <Style TargetType="ListBoxItem">

    <Style.Triggers>

      <DataTrigger Binding="{Binding Path=State}" Value="WA">

        <Setter Property="Foreground" Value="Red" />

      </DataTrigger>    

      <MultiDataTrigger>

        <MultiDataTrigger.Conditions>

          <Condition Binding="{Binding Path=Name}" Value="Portland" />

          <Condition Binding="{Binding Path=State}" Value="OR" />

        </MultiDataTrigger.Conditions>

        <Setter Property="Background" Value="Cyan" />

      </MultiDataTrigger>

    </Style.Triggers>

  </Style>



  <DataTemplate DataType="{x:Type c:Place}">

    <Canvas Width="160" Height="20">

      <TextBlock FontSize="12"

             Width="130" Canvas.Left="0" Text="{Binding Path=Name}"/>

      <TextBlock FontSize="12" Width="30"

                 Canvas.Left="130" Text="{Binding Path=State}"/>

    </Canvas>

  </DataTemplate>

</Window.Resources>



<StackPanel>

  <TextBlock FontSize="18" Margin="5" FontWeight="Bold"

    HorizontalAlignment="Center">Data Trigger Sample</TextBlock>

  <ListBox Width="180" HorizontalAlignment="Center" Background="Honeydew"

    ItemsSource="{Binding Source={StaticResource PlacesData}}"/>

</StackPanel>


 

 

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