python学习第三十三天

一、TCP协议 VS UDP协议

1、可靠性
tcp协议是可靠协议：
  对方必须回复一个ack确认信息，才会将自己这端的数据从内存中删除

udp协议不可靠：
  发送一条消息就会立即删除，不管对方是否接收到

2、有无链接
tcp有链接，udp无链接

3、传输数据的效率
udp更高

4、粘包问题
udp协议称之为数据报协议，每次发送都是一个完整的数据报，一个发送唯一对应一个接收
所以udp协议没有粘包问题

二、基于UDP协议的套接字通信（***）

UDP协议的服务端

from socket import *
import time

server = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM)
server.bind(('127.0.0.1', 8080))

while True:
    data, client_addr = server.recvfrom(1024)
    time.sleep(10)
    server.sendto(data.upper(), client_addr)

UDP协议的客户端

from socket import *

client = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM)

while True:
    msg = input('>>: ').strip()
    client.sendto(msg.encode("utf-8"), ('127.0.0.1', 8080))

    data, server_addr = client.recvfrom(1024)
    print(data.decode('utf-8'))

三、基于socketserver模块实现并发tcp

客户端代码

from socket import *

client=socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM)
client.connect(('127.0.0.1',8080))

while True:
    msg=input(">>: ").strip()
    if len(msg) == 0:
        continue

    client.send(msg.encode('utf-8'))
    data=client.recv(1024)
    print(data.decode('utf-8'))

服务端代码

不支持并发版
server=socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM)
server.bind(('127.0.0.1',8080))
server.listen(5)

while True:
    conn,addr=server.accept()
    print(addr)

    while True:
        try:
            data=conn.recv(1024)
            if len(data) == 0:break
            conn.send(data.upper())
        except Exception:
            break
    
    conn.close()


支持并发版本
import socketserver
class MyRequestHandler(socketserver.BaseRequestHandler):
    def handle(self):  # 处理通信
        print(self.client_address)
        while True:
            try:
                data = self.request.recv(1024)  # self.request=>conn
                if len(data) == 0: break
                self.request.send(data.upper())
            except Exception:
                break
        self.request.close()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    s = socketserver.ThreadingTCPServer(('127.0.0.1', 8080), MyRequestHandler, bind_and_activate=True)
    s.serve_forever()

四、基于socketserver模块实现并发udp

客户端代码

client = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM)

while True:
    msg = input('>>: ').strip()
    client.sendto(msg.encode("utf-8"), ('127.0.0.1', 8080))

    data, server_addr = client.recvfrom(1024)
    print(data.decode('utf-8'))

服务端代码

import socketserver

class MyRequestHandler(socketserver.BaseRequestHandler):
    def handle(self):  # 处理通信
        data,server=self.request
        server.sendto(data.upper(),self.client_address)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    s = socketserver.ThreadingUDPServer(('127.0.0.1', 8080), MyRequestHandler, bind_and_activate=True)
    s.serve_forever()

五、阿里云部署

客户端代码

client=socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM)
client.connect(('121.199.45.113',8080))

while True:
    msg=input(">>: ").strip()
    if len(msg) == 0:
        continue

    client.send(msg.encode('utf-8'))
    data=client.recv(1024)
    print(data.decode('utf-8'))

服务端代码

支持并发
import socketserver


class MyRequestHandler(socketserver.BaseRequestHandler):
    def handle(self):  # 处理通信
        print(self.client_address)
        while True:
            try:
                data = self.request.recv(1024)  # self.request=>conn
                if len(data) == 0: break
                self.request.send(data.upper())
            except Exception:
                break
        self.request.close()


if __name__ == '__main__':
    s = socketserver.ThreadingTCPServer(('127.0.0.1', 8080), MyRequestHandler, bind_and_activate=True)
    s.serve_forever()