COMP1011基础功能讲解

COMP1011: Programming Fundamentals
THE HONG KONG POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY
Spring 2021
Project
Due: Tuesday, 13th April. 2021, 11:59 p.m.
Submit your project in three separate files named:
• “P-report-9Z.pdf”,
• “P-code-9Z.zip”,
• “P-ppt-9Z.pptx” or “P-ppt-9Z.pdf”
Replace “9Z” by your Group ID, and upload them to Blackboard before the submission
deadline.
The first file (“P-report-9Z.pdf”) should contain your project report, including group members
and contributions (the sum of contribution percentages should be 1), sample input
and output of your program, the operations and other functions you have implemented
and how you implement it (do not directly copy and paste your code to the report), etc.
3 marks.
The second packaged file (“P-code-9Z.zip”) should contain your C program code, including
‘.c’ and ‘.h’ (if any) files. 14 marks.
The third packaged file (“P-ppt-9Z.pptx” or “P-ppt-9Z.pdf”) is the PowerPoint file for
6-minutes presentation. 3 marks.
Discuss with your team members to complete this project. You are required to have
good programming style, e.g., necessary comments, meaningful names, necessary const
specifier, etc.
In the project, you are asked to implement an calculator which has the following elements
and definitions:

1. Number:
   • As we all know, the calculator is to perform calculations over numbers. The
   acceptable formats of numbers in this project include:
   • Integer (e.g., −23434, 343545, 0) is a number which is not a fraction. It’s
   value’s range is from −1050 to 1050
   .
   • Real number (e.g., −23434.0001, 0.4343, 432343.912) is the number which
   includes both rational and irrational numbers. In this project, we represent
   and separate a real number as whole number part, decimal point (i.e., .), and
   decimal part. Specifically, the whole number part, sign and digits lying to
   the left of the decimal point, is an Integer and its value’s range is from −1050
   to 1050; the decimal part is formed by the digits lying on the right of decimal
   point, and the number of digits is between 1 to 50. For example, the whole
   number part, and the decimal part of the real number −23434.0001 are −23434
   and 0001 respectively.
   • E-notation form of scientific notation (e.g., 3E3, 3.2E3, 3.2E−3, −3.2E−
   3) is another form to represent Integer and Real number. The form mEn
   corresponds to the number m × n
   10, for example, 350 (i.e., 3.5 × 102
   ) can be
   written as 3.5E2. Specifically, the m is an Integer or Real number, and its
   absolute value remains at least one but less than ten, i.e., 1 ≤ |m| < 10; the n
   is an Integer, and its value’s range is from −49 to 49.
   • Hint & Note: (1) as the calculator may compute very large/small numbers,
   you may need use arrays to represent numbers. (2) the above mentioned range
   of the number is applicable to the input.
2. Basic Operations:
   • The basic operations (i.e., addition, subtraction, multiplication, division) follows
   the same definition and rules (e.g., the precedence and associativity) of
   the C operators. The first four operations has two number operands, annotated
   as a and b.
   • Addition (+) (e.g., −3434+0.123, 23.3434+0.123, 3.2E−3+3.2). The general
   format of it is a + b (no space among a, + and b).
   • Subtraction (−) (e.g., −3434 − 0.123, 23.3434 − 0.123, 3.2E − 3 − 3.2). The
   general format of it is a − b (no space among a, − and b).
   • Multiplication (∗) (e.g., −3434 ∗ 0.123, 23.3434 ∗ 0.123, 3.2E − 3 ∗ 3.2). The
   general format of it is a ∗ b (no space among a, ∗ and b).
   • Division (/) (e.g., −3434/0.123, 23.3434/0.123, 3.2E − 3/3.2). The general
   format of it is a/b (no space among a, / and b). Note that you do not need to
   consider the integer division here, for example, the result of 5/2 is 2.5.
3. Arithmetic Expression.
   • An arithmetic expression evaluates to a single arithmetic value (i.e., a number).
   It can be combined by the operands, basic operations, and parentheses.
   • Basic operations. For example, 15.3∗−3434+0.123, 23.3434+0.123/2E1, 3.2E−
   1+3.2−6.5∗2/4.0 are the expressions. For the expression 3.2E −1+3.2−6.5∗
   2/4.0, we compute it by the following steps (1) 6.5∗2 → 13; (2) 13/4.0 → 3.25;
   (3) 3.2E − 1 + 3.2 → 3.52; (4) 3.52 − 3.25 → 0.27.
   • Parentheses (()). The parentheses also shares the same rules as them in
   the C expression. The precedence of parentheses is higher than those of basic
   operations. For example, the steps of computing the expression 3.2E − 1 +
   (3.2 − 6.5) ∗ 2/4.0 are (1) (3.2 − 6.5) → −3.3; (2) −3.3 ∗ 2 → −6.6; (3)
   −6.6/4.0 → −1.65; (4) 3.2E −1 +−1.65 → −1.33. An expression may contain
   multiple parentheses, and the parentheses can be nested, e.g., (3.2E−1+(3.2−
   6.5)) ∗ 2/4.0 and (3.2E − 1 + (3.2 − 6.5)) ∗ (2/4.0).
   The calculator receives a series of arithmetic expressions and outputs the values of those
   expressions respectively.
   2
4. Input:
   • The first line of the input is the number of the expressions, annotated as N.
   And the given N is guaranteed as valid (i.e, positive integer).
   • The following N lines are the expressions S = {si}
   N
   i=1, and each expression
   is given per line. There is a non-negative integer pi and a character ci after
   each expression si
   . Specifically, (1) there is no space in si
   ; (2) there is a
   space between si and pi and a space between pi and ci
   ; (3) 0 ≤ pi ≤ 50; (4)
   ci = {D, E}.
   • Sample input:
   4
   30.2 2 D
   30.2 2 E
   6/0.0 2 E
   3.2E − 1 + (3.2 − 6.5) ∗ 2/4.0 1 D
5. Output:
   • The first line of the output is the text of Result:.
   • The following N lines contain the values of the corresponding expressions, and
   each value is given per line. For the expression si
   , the pi
   is the precision of the
   value of si
   , which means that we round to pi decimal places for the value. The
   ci = {D, E} is the output format, and D and E correspond to the Real number
   and E-notation form of scientific notation forms respectively.
   • If the input expression is invalid (e.g., beyond the range of number, division
   by zero, etc.), output the text of Invalid. Otherwise, output the value of the
   corresponding expression in correct format.
   • Sample output corresponding to the sample input:
   Result:
   30.20
   3.020E1
   Invalid