删除链表的倒数第N个节点

删除链表的倒数第 N 个结点
给你一个链表,删除链表的倒数第 n 个结点,并且返回链表的头结点。

示例 1:
删除链表的倒数第N个节点_第1张图片
输入:head = [1,2,3,4,5], n = 2
输出:[1,2,3,5]
示例 2:

输入:head = [1], n = 1
输出:[]
示例 3:

输入:head = [1,2], n = 1
输出:[1]

提示:

链表中结点的数目为 sz
1 <= sz <= 30
0 <= Node.val <= 100
1 <= n <= sz

进阶:你能尝试使用一趟扫描实现吗?

方法一,先遍历一遍链表,计算出链表的长度,再重新遍历找出要删除的节点。
方法二,使用快慢指针,利用快慢指针的间距找出要删除的节点。
两种方法均使用了虚拟头结点。

方法一Java代码

/**
 * Definition for singly-linked list.
 * public class ListNode {
 *     int val;
 *     ListNode next;
 *     ListNode() {}
 *     ListNode(int val) { this.val = val; }
 *     ListNode(int val, ListNode next) { this.val = val; this.next = next; }
 * }
 */
class Solution {
    public ListNode removeNthFromEnd(ListNode head, int n) {
        ListNode dummy = new ListNode(0);
        dummy.next = head;
        int length = 0;
        ListNode cur = dummy;
        while (cur.next != null) {
            length++;
            cur = cur.next;
        }
        if (n < 0 || n > length) {return null;}
        cur = dummy;
        for (int i = 0; i < length - n; i++) {
            cur = cur.next;
        }
        cur.next = cur.next.next;
        return dummy.next;
    }
}

方法二Java代码

/**
 * Definition for singly-linked list.
 * public class ListNode {
 *     int val;
 *     ListNode next;
 *     ListNode() {}
 *     ListNode(int val) { this.val = val; }
 *     ListNode(int val, ListNode next) { this.val = val; this.next = next; }
 * }
 */
class Solution {
    public ListNode removeNthFromEnd(ListNode head, int n) {
        ListNode dummy = new ListNode(0);
        dummy.next = head;
        ListNode slow = dummy;
        ListNode fast = dummy;
        //fast比slow先走n+1步
        for (int i = 0; i < n + 1; i++) {
            fast = fast.next;
        }
        //fast先走到尾部null的位置
        //此时slow的位置即删除节点的前一个节点
        while (fast != null) {
            fast = fast.next;
            slow = slow.next;
        }
        slow.next = slow.next.next;
        return dummy.next;
    }
}

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