[超详细]SSM框架整合教程--入门级(图书增删改查)

Spring+SpringMVC+MyBatis 框架整合

一、环境准备

1.1、环境要求

• IDEA 2020.1 + MySQL 8.0.21+Tomcat 9.0.53 + Maven 3.8.2
• 前端：jsp+css+bootstrap

项目架构图：

1.2、搭建数据据库环境

创建一个存放书籍数据的数据库表

CREATE DATABASE `ssmbuild`;

USE `ssmbuild`;

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `books`;

CREATE TABLE `books` (
`bookID` INT(10) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '书id',
`bookName` VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL COMMENT '书名',
`bookCounts` INT(11) NOT NULL COMMENT '数量',
`detail` VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL COMMENT '描述',
KEY `bookID` (`bookID`)
) ENGINE=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8

INSERT INTO `books` VALUES 
(1, 'Java从入门到精通', 13, '从入门到放弃'),
(2, 'MySQL', 12, '从删库到跑路'),
(3, 'Linux', 23, '从进门到进牢'),
(4, 'C++程序设计基础', 13, '从开门到锁门'),
(5, '网页设计基础', 11, '从好看到难看');

数据库表如图：

二、基本环境搭建

2.1、新建普通Maven项目，添加web的支持

---

依赖：
junit 数据库驱动 连接池 servlet jsp jstl mybatis mybatis-spring springMVC spring-jdbc lombok

2.2、导入依赖

<dependencies>
    
    <dependency>
        <groupId>junitgroupId>
        <artifactId>junitartifactId>
        <version>4.12version>
    dependency>
    
    <dependency>
        <groupId>mysqlgroupId>
        <artifactId>mysql-connector-javaartifactId>
        <version>8.0.21version>
    dependency>
    
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.mchangegroupId>
        <artifactId>c3p0artifactId>
        <version>0.9.5.2version>
    dependency>

    
    <dependency>
        <groupId>javax.servletgroupId>
        <artifactId>servlet-apiartifactId>
        <version>2.5version>
    dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>javax.servlet.jspgroupId>
        <artifactId>jsp-apiartifactId>
        <version>2.2version>
    dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>javax.servletgroupId>
        <artifactId>jstlartifactId>
        <version>1.2version>
    dependency>

    
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.mybatisgroupId>
        <artifactId>mybatisartifactId>
        <version>3.5.2version>
    dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.mybatisgroupId>
        <artifactId>mybatis-springartifactId>
        <version>2.0.6version>
    dependency>

    
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframeworkgroupId>
        <artifactId>spring-webmvcartifactId>
        <version>5.3.14version>
    dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframeworkgroupId>
        <artifactId>spring-jdbcartifactId>
        <version>5.3.14version>
    dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.projectlombokgroupId>
        <artifactId>lombokartifactId>
        <version>1.18.10version>
    dependency>

dependencies>

2.3、Maven资源过滤问题设置

<build>
    <resources>
        <resource>
            <directory>src/main/resourcesdirectory>
            <includes>
                <include>**/*.propertiesinclude>
                <include>**/*.xmlinclude>
            includes>
            <filtering>falsefiltering>
        resource>

        <resource>
            <directory>src/main/javadirectory>
            <includes>
                <include>**/*.propertiesinclude>
                <include>**/*.xmlinclude>
            includes>
            <filtering>falsefiltering>
        resource>
    resources>

build>

2.4、maven扫描xml文件编码问题

少数人会遇这个问题
java 解决异常 2 字节的 UTF-8 序列的字节2 无效的问题

<properties>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8project.build.sourceEncoding>
properties>

2.5、建立基本结构和配置框架

• 在resource目录下新建mybatis-config.xml

<configuration>

configuration>

• 在resource目录下新建applicationContext.xml

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">


beans>

三、Mybatis层编写

3.1、编写数据库配置文件 db.properties

• 注意MySQL8.0以上要设置时区，最后加上serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai

jdbc.driver=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ssmbuild?useSSL=true&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=123456

数据库时区解决办法：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_53168000/article/details/117260079

3.2、编写MyBatis的核心配置文件

<configuration>

    <settings>
        
        <setting name="logImpl" value="STDOUT_LOGGING"/>
    settings>

    

    
    <typeAliases>
        <package name="com.seig.pojo"/>
    typeAliases>

    <mappers>
        <mapper class="com.seig.dao.BookMapper"/>
    mappers>

configuration>

3.3、编写实体类

包名：com.seig.pojo.Books 这里使用了lombok插件

@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class Books {

    private int bookID;
    private String bookName;
    private int bookCounts;
    private String detail;

}

没有安装Lombok插件的小伙伴们可以自己写Getter and Setter和 Constructor(无参和有参构造方法)

3.4、编写Dao层

3.4.1、编写Dao层的Mapper接口

public interface BookMapper {

    //增加一本书
    int addBook(Books books);

    //删除一本书
    int deleteBookById(@Param("bookId") int id);

    //更新一本书
    int updateBook(Books books);

    //查询一本书
    Books queryBookById(@Param("bookId") int id);

    //查询所有书
    List<Books> queryAllBook();

    //根据书籍名称模糊查询
    List<Books> queryBookName(@Param("keyword") String keyword);

}

3.4.2、编写Mapper接口对应的Mapper.xml

一个Mapper.xml对应一个Mapper接口，要用namespace绑定上述接口 需要导入MyBatis的包！

<mapper namespace="com.seig.dao.BookMapper">

    <insert id="addBook" parameterType="Books">
        insert into books (bookName,bookCounts,detail) values (#{bookName},#{bookCounts},#{detail})
    insert>

    <delete id="deleteBookById" parameterType="int">
        delete from books where bookID = #{bookId}
    delete>

    <update id="updateBook" parameterType="Books">
        update books set bookName=#{bookName},bookCounts=#{bookCounts},detail=#{detail} where bookID=#{bookID} ;
    update>

    <select id="queryBookById" resultType="Books">
        select * from books where bookID = #{bookId}
    select>
    
    <select id="queryAllBook" resultType="Books">
        select * from books
    select>

    <select id="queryBookName" resultType="Books">
        select * from books where bookName like "%"#{keyword}"%"
    select>
mapper>

3.5、编写Service层

3.5.1、编写Service层的接口

public interface BookService {

    //增加一本书
    int addBook(Books books);

    //删除一本书
    int deleteBookById(int id);

    //更新一本书
    int updateBook(Books books);

    //查询一本书
    Books queryBookById(int id);

    //查询所有书
    List<Books> queryAllBook();

    //根据书籍名称模糊查询
    List<Books> queryBookName(String keyword);
}

3.5.1、编写Service层的接口实现类

public class BookServiceImpl implements BookService{

    //service 调dao层：组合Dao
    private BookMapper bookMapper;

    public void setBookMapper(BookMapper bookMapper) {
        this.bookMapper = bookMapper;
    }

    public int addBook(Books books) {
        return bookMapper.addBook(books);
    }

    public int deleteBookById(int id) {
        return bookMapper.deleteBookById(id);
    }

    public int updateBook(Books books) {
        return bookMapper.updateBook(books);
    }

    public Books queryBookById(int id) {
        return bookMapper.queryBookById(id);
    }

    public List<Books> queryAllBook() {
        return bookMapper.queryAllBook();
    }

    public List<Books> queryBookName(String keyword) {
        return bookMapper.queryBookName(keyword);
    }
}

OK，到此，底层需求操作编写完毕！

---

四、Spring层编写

4.1、Spring整合Dao层

在resource目录下新建spring-dao.xml

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

    
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:db.properties"/>

    
    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
        
        <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driver}"/>
        <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
        <property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
        <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>

        
        <property name="maxPoolSize" value="30"/>
        <property name="minPoolSize" value="10"/>
        
        <property name="autoCommitOnClose" value="false"/>
        
        <property name="checkoutTimeout" value="10000"/>
        
        <property name="acquireRetryAttempts" value="2"/>
    bean>

    
    <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
        
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-config.xml"/>
    bean>

    
    <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
        
        <property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"/>
        
        <property name="basePackage" value="com.seig.dao"/>
    bean>

beans>

1、关联数据库配置文件db.properties，要引入context约束

2、配置MyBatis数据源，这里使用第三方的c3p0，还可以附加一些私有属性

3、创建sqlSessionFactory，在 MyBatis-Spring 中，则使用 SqlSessionFactoryBean来创建，要配置两个重要属性

​ configLocation绑定MyBatis核心配置文件
​ dataSource指定数据源（必要）
4、配置自动扫描包dao，动态实现了dao层接口可以注入到Spring容器中

​ （在原来我们是创建sqlSessionTemplate对象，然后再创建一个Mapper接口实现类，其中内置sqlSessionTemplate私有对象，通过该对象进行操作）

4.2、Spring整合service层

在resource目录下新建spring-service.xml

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

    
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.seig.service"/>

    
    <bean id="BookServiceImpl" class="com.seig.service.BookServiceImpl">
        <property name="bookMapper" ref="bookMapper"/>
    bean>

    
    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
        
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
    bean>

    

beans>

Spring层搞定！

4.3、对底层Dao进行测试

首先将配置文件整合到applicationContext.xml中

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

    <import resource="classpath:spring-dao.xml"/>
    <import resource="classpath:spring-service.xml"/>
    
beans>

在test包下的java包下新建一个类MyTest.java 这里使用Junit单元测试框架

public class MyTest {

    @Test
    public void test1(){
        ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
        BookService bookServiceImpl = (BookService) context.getBean("BookServiceImpl");
        for (Books books : bookServiceImpl.queryAllBook()) {
            System.out.println(books);
        }
    }
}

测试结果：

证明我们的底层代码没有问题！ 我们开始SpringMVC层的编写吧~

---

五、SpringMVC层编写

5.1、配置web.xml

<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
         version="4.0">

    
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>DispatcherServletservlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServletservlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocationparam-name>
            
            <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xmlparam-value>
        init-param>
        <load-on-startup>1load-on-startup>
    servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>DispatcherServletservlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/url-pattern>
    servlet-mapping>

    
    <filter>
        <filter-name>encodingFilterfilter-name>
        <filter-class>
            org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter
        filter-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>encodingparam-name>
            <param-value>utf-8param-value>
        init-param>
    filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>encodingFilterfilter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*url-pattern>
    filter-mapping>

    
    <session-config>
        <session-timeout>15session-timeout>
    session-config>

web-app>

5.2、编写spring-mvc.xml配置文件

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
       https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

    
    <mvc:annotation-driven/>
    
    <mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
    
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.seig.controller"/>
    
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
    bean>

beans>

5.3、Spring整合配置文件

在applicationContext.xml中 整合dao层的spring-dao.xml、service层的spring-service.xml和SpringMVC层的spring-mvc.xml

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

    <import resource="classpath:spring-dao.xml"/>
    <import resource="classpath:spring-service.xml"/>
    <import resource="classpath:spring-mvc.xml"/>

beans>

因此Spring可以用于团队开发！

配置文件，暂时结束！我们开始Controller 和 视图层编写了~

5.4、编写Controller

BookController中实现了5个业务

• 查询全部书籍
• 新增书籍
• 修改书籍
• 删除书籍
• 根据书籍名称查询书籍

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/book")
public class BookController {
    //controller 调service层
    @Autowired
    @Qualifier("BookServiceImpl") //用来指定别名
    private BookService bookService;

    //查询全部书籍，并且返回到一个书籍展示页面
    @RequestMapping("/allBook")
    public String list(Model model){
        List<Books> list = bookService.queryAllBook();
        model.addAttribute("list",list);
        return "allBook";
    }

    //跳转到新增书籍页面
    @RequestMapping("/toAddBook")
    public String toAddPage(Model model){
        return "addBook";
    }

    //新增书籍
    @RequestMapping("/addBook")
    public String addPaper(Books books) {
        System.out.println("addBook==>"+books);
        bookService.addBook(books);
        return "redirect:/book/allBook";
    }

    //跳转到修改书籍页面
    @RequestMapping("/toUpdateBook")
    public String toUpdateBook(Model model, int id) {
        Books books = bookService.queryBookById(id);
        System.out.println("toUpdateBook==>"+books);
        model.addAttribute("book",books );
        return "updateBook";
    }

    //修改书籍
    @RequestMapping("/updateBook")
    public String updateBook(Model model, Books book) {
        System.out.println("UpdateBook==>"+book);
        bookService.updateBook(book);
        Books books = bookService.queryBookById(book.getBookID());
        model.addAttribute("books", books);
        return "redirect:/book/allBook";
    }

    //删除书籍 RestFul风格回顾
    @RequestMapping("/del/{bookId}")
    public String deleteBook(@PathVariable("bookId") int id) {
        bookService.deleteBookById(id);
        return "redirect:/book/allBook";
    }

    //根据书籍名称模糊查询书籍
    @RequestMapping("/queryBook")
    public String queryBook(String keyword,Model model){
        List<Books> list = bookService.queryBookName(keyword);
        System.err.println("queryBook=>"+list);
        if (list.isEmpty()){
            list = bookService.queryAllBook();
            model.addAttribute("error","未查到该书籍");
        }

        model.addAttribute("list",list);
        return "allBook";
    }

5.5、编写视图层

在web/WEB-INF/目录下新建jsp包，用来存放我们自定义视图页面

5.5.1、编写首页 index.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8" %>
<!DOCTYPE HTML>
<html>
<head>
  <title>首页</title>
  <style type="text/css">
    a {
      text-decoration: none;
      color: black;
      font-size: 18px;
    }
    h3 {
      width: 180px;
      height: 38px;
      margin: 100px auto;
      text-align: center;
      line-height: 38px;
      background: deepskyblue;
      border-radius: 4px;
    }
  </style>
</head>
<body>

<h3>
  <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/allBook">点击进入图书展示页</a>
</h3>
</body>
</html>

5.5.2、书籍列表页面 allbook.jsp

<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>书籍列表</title>
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <!-- 引入 Bootstrap -->
    <link href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>

<div class="container">

    <div class="row clearfix">
        <div class="col-md-12 column">
            <div class="page-header">
                <h1>
                    <small>书籍列表 —— 显示所有书籍</small>
                </h1>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>

    <div class="row">
        <div class="col-md-4 column">
            <a class="btn btn-primary" href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/toAddBook">新增</a>
            <a class="btn btn-primary" href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/allBook">显示全部书籍</a>
        </div>
        <div class="col-md-8 column">
            <%--查询书籍--%>
            <form class="form-inline" action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/queryBook" method="post" style="float: right">
                <span style="color: red;font-weight: bold">${error}</span>
                <input type="text" name="keyword" class="form-control" placeholder="请输入要查询的书籍名称">
                <input type="submit" value="查询" class="btn btn-primary">
            </form>
        </div>
    </div>

    <div class="row clearfix">
        <div class="col-md-12 column">
            <table class="table table-hover table-striped">
                <thead>
                <tr>
                    <th>书籍编号</th>
                    <th>书籍名字</th>
                    <th>书籍数量</th>
                    <th>书籍详情</th>
                    <th>操作</th>
                </tr>
                </thead>

                <tbody>
                <c:forEach var="book" items="${requestScope.get('list')}">
                    <tr>
                        <td>${book.getBookID()}</td>
                        <td>${book.getBookName()}</td>
                        <td>${book.getBookCounts()}</td>
                        <td>${book.getDetail()}</td>
                        <td>
                            <a onclick="return confirm('确认修改?')" href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/toUpdateBook?id=${book.getBookID()}">更改</a> |
                            <a onclick="return confirm('确认删除?')" href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/del/${book.getBookID()}">删除</a>
                        </td>
                    </tr>
                </c:forEach>
                </tbody>
            </table>
        </div>
    </div>
</div>

</body>

5.5.3、添加书籍页面addBook.jsp

<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>

<html>
<head>
    <title>新增书籍</title>
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <!-- 引入 Bootstrap -->
    <link href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">

    <div class="row clearfix">
        <div class="col-md-12 column">
            <div class="page-header">
                <h1>
                    <small>新增书籍</small>
                </h1>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
    <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/addBook" method="post">
        书籍名称：<input type="text" name="bookName" required><br><br><br>
        书籍数量：<input type="text" name="bookCounts" required><br><br><br>
        书籍详情：<input type="text" name="detail" required><br><br><br>
        <input type="submit" value="添加">
    </form>

</div>

5.5.4、修改书籍页面 updateBook.jsp

<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>修改信息</title>
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <!-- 引入 Bootstrap -->
    <link href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">

    <div class="row clearfix">
        <div class="col-md-12 column">
            <div class="page-header">
                <h1>
                    <small>修改信息</small>
                </h1>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>

    <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/updateBook" method="post">
        <input type="hidden" name="bookID" value="${book.getBookID()}"/>
        书籍名称：<input type="text" name="bookName" value="${book.getBookName()}"/>
        书籍数量：<input type="text" name="bookCounts" value="${book.getBookCounts()}"/>
        书籍详情：<input type="text" name="detail" value="${book.getDetail() }"/>
        <input type="submit" value="提交"/>
    </form>

</div>

模糊查询：

到此位置，SSM整合项目到此结束了！`