添加反爬策略1-User-Agent

在“爬取熊猫主播人气排行”随笔的基础上，修改__fetch_content方法

 1 import re
 2 
 3 from urllib import request
 4 from random import choice
 5 # 断点调试
 6 
 7 class Spider():
 8     '''
 9         This is a class
10     '''
11     # 私有方法
12     # 匹配所有字符 [\s\S]*? 非贪婪
13     url='https://www.panda.tv/all?pdt=1.27.psbar-menu.0.1oj9bbkfjbh'
14     headers = {
15         'User-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/69.0.3497.92 Safari/537.36',
16         # 'connection':'keep-alive'
17         }
18 
19     USER_AGENTS = [
20         "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1; SV1; AcooBrowser; .NET CLR 1.1.4322; .NET CLR 2.0.50727)",
21         "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; Windows NT 6.0; Acoo Browser; SLCC1; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; Media Center PC 5.0; .NET CLR 3.0.04506)",
22         "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; AOL 9.5; AOLBuild 4337.35; Windows NT 5.1; .NET CLR 1.1.4322; .NET CLR 2.0.50727)",
23         "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 9.0; en-US)",
24         "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 6.1; Win64; x64; Trident/5.0; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; .NET CLR 3.0.30729; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; Media Center PC 6.0)",
25         "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 8.0; Windows NT 6.0; Trident/4.0; WOW64; Trident/4.0; SLCC2; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; .NET CLR 3.0.30729; .NET CLR 1.0.3705; .NET CLR 1.1.4322)",
26         "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0b; Windows NT 5.2; .NET CLR 1.1.4322; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; InfoPath.2; .NET CLR 3.0.04506.30)",
27         "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.1; zh-CN) AppleWebKit/523.15 (KHTML, like Gecko, Safari/419.3) Arora/0.3 (Change: 287 c9dfb30)",
28         "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; U; Linux; en-US) AppleWebKit/527+ (KHTML, like Gecko, Safari/419.3) Arora/0.6",
29         "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.1; en-US; rv:1.8.1.2pre) Gecko/20070215 K-Ninja/2.1.1",
30         "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.1; zh-CN; rv:1.9) Gecko/20080705 Firefox/3.0 Kapiko/3.0",
31         "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux i686; U;) Gecko/20070322 Kazehakase/0.4.5",
32         "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; U; Linux i686; en-US; rv:1.9.0.8) Gecko Fedora/1.9.0.8-1.fc10 Kazehakase/0.5.6",
33         "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/535.11 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/17.0.963.56 Safari/535.11",
34         "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_7_3) AppleWebKit/535.20 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1036.7 Safari/535.20",
35         "Opera/9.80 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10.6.8; U; fr) Presto/2.9.168 Version/11.52"
36     ]
37     user_agent =  choice(USER_AGENTS)
38     root_pattern = '
([\w\W]*?)'
39     name_pattern = '([\w\W]*?)'
40     number_pattern = '([\w\W]*?)'
41     def __fetch_content(self):
42 
43         # This is a HTTP request
44         # 反爬虫策略
45      
46         #格式一
47         # req = request.Request(Spider.url,headers = Spider.headers)
48 
49         #格式二
50         req = request.Request(Spider.url)
51         req.add_header('User-Agent', Spider.user_agent)
52 　　　　　request = request.urlopen(request)

　　　　　　　 # 构建一个HTTPHandler处理器对象，支持处理HTTP的请求

　　　　　　　 #http_handler = request.HTTPHandler()

　　　　　　　　# 调用buid_opener()方法构建一个自定义的opener对象，参数是构建的处理器对象

　　　　　　　　#opener = request.build_opener(http_handler)

 

　　　　　　　　#request = request.Request(Spider.url)

　　　　　　　　# request.add_header('User-Agent', Spider.user_agent)

　　　　　　　　#request = opener.open(request)

53 
56         # 字节码
57         htmls = request.read()
58         htmls = str(htmls,encoding='utf-8')
59 
60         return htmls

 

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/KSYoon/p/9670696.html