[ 环境搭建 ] Ubuntu安装后环境配置

Ubuntu 安装后环境配置

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换源

直接编辑，所在文件夹中已经有备份文件sources.bak

sudo gedit /etc/apt/sources.list

可以去官网相应查询现有的替换源，并选择速度较快的, 这里选择nju的源

# deb cdrom:[Ubuntu 20.04.4 LTS _Focal Fossa_ - Release amd64 (20220223)]/ focal main restricted
deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal main restricted #Added by software-properties

# See http://help.ubuntu.com/community/UpgradeNotes for how to upgrade to
# newer versions of the distribution.
deb https://mirror.nju.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal main restricted
deb-src https://mirror.nju.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal universe restricted main multiverse #Added by software-properties
# deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal main restricted

## Major bug fix updates produced after the final release of the
## distribution.
deb https://mirror.nju.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted
deb-src https://mirror.nju.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-updates universe restricted main multiverse #Added by software-properties
# deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted

## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu
## team. Also, please note that software in universe WILL NOT receive any
## review or updates from the Ubuntu security team.
deb https://mirror.nju.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal universe
# deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal universe
deb https://mirror.nju.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-updates universe
# deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates universe

## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu 
## team, and may not be under a free licence. Please satisfy yourself as to 
## your rights to use the software. Also, please note that software in 
## multiverse WILL NOT receive any review or updates from the Ubuntu
## security team.
deb https://mirror.nju.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal multiverse
# deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal multiverse
deb https://mirror.nju.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-updates multiverse
# deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates multiverse

## N.B. software from this repository may not have been tested as
## extensively as that contained in the main release, although it includes
## newer versions of some applications which may provide useful features.
## Also, please note that software in backports WILL NOT receive any review
## or updates from the Ubuntu security team.
deb https://mirror.nju.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirror.nju.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse #Added by software-properties
# deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse

## Uncomment the following two lines to add software from Canonical's
## 'partner' repository.
## This software is not part of Ubuntu, but is offered by Canonical and the
## respective vendors as a service to Ubuntu users.
# deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu focal partner
# deb-src http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu focal partner

deb https://mirror.nju.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted
deb-src https://mirror.nju.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-security universe restricted main multiverse #Added by software-properties
# deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-security main restricted
deb https://mirror.nju.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-security universe
# deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-security universe
deb https://mirror.nju.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-security multiverse
# deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-security multiverse

# This system was installed using small removable media
# (e.g. netinst, live or single CD). The matching "deb cdrom"
# entries were disabled at the end of the installation process.
# For information about how to configure apt package sources,
# see the sources.list(5) manual.

换源后彻底更新

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get dist-upgrade

terminator

sudo apt-get install terminator

• F11 全屏
• Ctrl+Shift+E 垂直分割窗口
• Ctrl+Shift+O 水平分割窗口
• Ctrl+Shift+C 复制
• Ctrl+Shift+V 粘贴
• Ctrl+Tab 在分割的各窗口之间切换
• Ctrl+Shift+X 将分割的某一个窗口放大至全屏使用
• Ctrl+Shift+Z 从放大至全屏的某一窗口回到多窗格界面

谷歌输入法

下载输入法

sudo apt-get install fcitx-googlepinyin

配置语言

1. super键 search language support
2. install
3. 输入系统切换到fcitx
4. reboot
5. super键 search Fcitx Configuration
6. + search pinyin 选中google输入法即可

Git

sudo apt-get install git-all

清理垃圾软件

super键 search Ubuntu Software清理不必要的软件

关机拍快照

poweroff 拍快照