常见操作。
启动客户端。
[wangzhou@zookeeper01 bin]$ ./zkCli.sh
Connecting to localhost:2181
2022-04-05 07:37:54,764 [myid:] - INFO [main:Environment@109] - Client environment:zookeeper.version=3.5.7-f0fdd52973d373ffd9c86b81d99842dc2c7f660e, built on 02/10/2020 11:30 GMT
...
WATCHER::
WatchedEvent state:SyncConnected type:None path:null
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 0]
不过,客户端连接的服务端是localhost
,我们也可以通过: sh zkCli.sh -server host:port
实现客户端与远程的服务端相连。
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 0] quit
[wangzhou@zookeeper01 bin]$ ./zkCli.sh -server zookeeper02:2181
在后续中,我们可以使用一台主机作为客户端、一台主机作为服务端。
查看帮助文档
[zk: zookeeper01:2181(CONNECTED) 0] help
ZooKeeper -server host:port cmd args
addauth scheme auth
close
config [-c] [-w] [-s]
connect host:port
create [-s] [-e] [-c] [-t ttl] path [data] [acl]
delete [-v version] path
deleteall path
delquota [-n|-b] path
get [-s] [-w] path
getAcl [-s] path
history
listquota path
ls [-s] [-w] [-R] path
ls2 path [watch]
printwatches on|off
quit
reconfig [-s] [-v version] [[-file path] | [-members serverID=host:port1:port2;port3[,...]*]] | [-add serverId=host:port1:port2;port3[,...]]* [-remove serverId[,...]*]
redo cmdno
removewatches path [-c|-d|-a] [-l]
rmr path
set [-s] [-v version] path data
setAcl [-s] [-v version] [-R] path acl
setquota -n|-b val path
stat [-w] path
sync path
我们重点学习里面增删改查节点信息的操作就可以了。
先查看当前监听的服务端的节点信息看看。
[zk: zookeeper01:2181(CONNECTED) 1] ls /
[zookeeper]
[zk: zookeeper01:2181(CONNECTED) 2] ls -s /
[zookeeper]cZxid = 0x0
ctime = Wed Dec 31 16:00:00 PST 1969
mZxid = 0x0
mtime = Wed Dec 31 16:00:00 PST 1969
pZxid = 0x0
cversion = -1
dataVersion = 0
aclVersion = 0
ephemeralOwner = 0x0
dataLength = 0
numChildren = 1
解释如下:
czxid:
创建节点的事务的zxid。
每次修改 ZooKeeper 状态都会产生一个 ZooKeeper 事务 ID。事务 ID 是 ZooKeeper 中所有修改总的次序。
ctime:
znode 被创建的毫秒数(从 1970 年开始)
mzxid:
znode 最后更新的事务 zxid
mtime:
znode 最后修改的毫秒数(从 1970 年开始)
pZxid:
znode 最后更新的子节点 zxid
cversion:
znode 子节点变化号,znode 子节点修改次数
dataversion:
znode 数据变化号
aclVersion:
znode 访问控制列表的变化号
ephemeralOwner:
如果是临时节点,这个是 znode 拥有者的 session id。如果不是临时节点则是 0。
dataLength:
znode 的数据长度
numChildren:
znode 子节点数量
注意,之前在讲集群时,节点指代的都是服务器主机节点。而这里只是znode下存放信息以节点形式进行组织,请读者注意区别。
创建永久节点。
[zk: zookeeper01:2181(CONNECTED) 3] ls /
[zookeeper]
[zk: zookeeper01:2181(CONNECTED) 4] create /sanguo "lvbu"
Created /sanguo
[zk: zookeeper01:2181(CONNECTED) 5] ls /
[sanguo, zookeeper]
[zk: zookeeper01:2181(CONNECTED) 6] create /sanguo/shuguo "liubei"
Created /sanguo/shuguo
[zk: zookeeper01:2181(CONNECTED) 7] ls /sanguo
[shuguo]
获取该节点信息。
[zk: zookeeper01:2181(CONNECTED) 8] get -s /sanguo
lvbu
cZxid = 0x700000004
ctime = Tue Apr 05 08:02:45 PDT 2022
mZxid = 0x700000004
mtime = Tue Apr 05 08:02:45 PDT 2022
pZxid = 0x700000005
cversion = 1
dataVersion = 0
aclVersion = 0
ephemeralOwner = 0x0
dataLength = 4
numChildren = 1
创建带序列号的永久节点。
[zk: zookeeper01:2181(CONNECTED) 10] create -s /sanguo/weiguo "caocao"
Created /sanguo/weiguo0000000001
[zk: zookeeper01:2181(CONNECTED) 11] ls /sanguo
[shuguo, weiguo0000000001]
[zk: zookeeper01:2181(CONNECTED) 12] create -s /sanguo/weiguo "caocao"
Created /sanguo/weiguo0000000002
[zk: zookeeper01:2181(CONNECTED) 13] ls /sanguo
[shuguo, weiguo0000000001, weiguo0000000002]
创建临时节点。客户端重启后临时节点的信息会丢失。
create -e /sanguo/wuguo"zhouyu"
修改节点值。
[zk: zookeeper01:2181(CONNECTED) 15] set /sanguo/shuguo "zz"
[zk: zookeeper01:2181(CONNECTED) 16] get -s /sanguo/shuguo
zz
cZxid = 0x700000005
ctime = Tue Apr 05 08:04:01 PDT 2022
mZxid = 0x700000008
mtime = Tue Apr 05 08:21:34 PDT 2022
pZxid = 0x700000005
cversion = 0
dataVersion = 1
aclVersion = 0
ephemeralOwner = 0x0
dataLength = 2
numChildren = 0
总结一句话就是,客户端在服务端进行注册,当客户端关心的数据发生变化,或者服务器节点上、下线了,服务端通过回调方法通知到客户端。其实现的方法其实就是观察者模式。如果读者不了解观察者模式,建议您阅读文章:从零开始学习Java设计模式 | 行为型模式篇:观察者模式_李阿昀的博客-CSDN博客,讲解的特别透彻了。
[zk: zookeeper01:2181(CONNECTED) 17] get -w /sanguo
lvbu
[zk: zookeeper01:2181(CONNECTED) 18] set /sanguo zhubajie
WATCHER::
WatchedEvent state:SyncConnected type:NodeDataChanged path:/sanguo
值得注意的是,只注册一次监听,只能监听一次节点信息的变化,下一次就不会通知了。