揭秘在ListView等AdapterView上动态添加删除项的陷阱

  今天遇到这么个需求,需要在运行时动态添加ListView的item,看起来很简单,实际操作过程中却遇到了麻烦。

  首先,定义如下array资源,作为列表的加载内容:

<resources>
<string name="app_name">MyListView</string>
<string-array name="language">
<item>Java</item>
<item>C</item>
<item>C++</item>
<item>PHP</item>
</string-array>
</resources>

  然后简单地写下布局文件,由于我需要不管列表有多长,始终在底部显示编辑框和按钮,所以将ListView中的layout_weight设为1。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width
="match_parent"
android:layout_height
="match_parent"
android:orientation
="vertical">
<ListView
android:id="@android:id/list"
android:layout_width
="fill_parent"
android:layout_height
="0dip"
android:layout_weight
="1" />
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height
="wrap_content"
android:orientation
="horizontal">
<EditText
android:id="@+id/addLangEdit"
android:layout_width
="200px"
android:layout_height
="wrap_content" />
<Button
android:id="@+id/addButton"
android:layout_width
="wrap_content"
android:layout_height
="wrap_content"
android:text
="添加" />
</LinearLayout>
</LinearLayout>

  最后添上Activity的代码,似乎没什么问题了,运行一下。

View Code
public class MyListView extends ListActivity {
private ArrayAdapter<CharSequence> mAdapter;
private ListView mListView;
private EditText mLanguageText;
private Button mAddButton;

/** Called when the activity is first created. */
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.mylist1);

//get the view
mListView = getListView();
mLanguageText
= (EditText) findViewById(R.id.addLangEdit);
mAddButton
= (Button) findViewById(R.id.addButton);

//array adapter created from string array resources
mAdapter = ArrayAdapter.createFromResource(
this,
R.array.language,
android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1);
//set the adapter
mListView.setAdapter(mAdapter);

//add listener
mAddButton.setOnClickListener(mOnClickListener);
}

private OnClickListener mOnClickListener = new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
String text
= mLanguageText.getText().toString();
if(null == text || "".equals(text.trim())) {
Toast.makeText(MyListView.
this, "输入不能为空", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
else {
mAdapter.add(text);
mAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged();
mLanguageText.setText(
"");
}
}
};
}

  

  揭秘在ListView等AdapterView上动态添加删除项的陷阱_第1张图片

  

  界面成功显示,可是每次点击“添加”,就会抛出java.lang.UnsupportedOperationException,这看似很匪夷所思,因为按照android的api文档,确实能通过adapter上的add、remove等方法在运行时增删列表项啊,那问题到底出在哪里呢?

  借助google的帮助,我在StackOverFlow上看了如下解答:

揭秘在ListView等AdapterView上动态添加删除项的陷阱_第2张图片

  

  这里说到,如果要动态的改变列表的大小,必须使用一个可变大小的List(如ArrayList),而不能使用固定长度的array,否则将会得到UnsupportedOperationException。也就是说,由于需要从资源文件中加载内容,所以我自然就想到调用ArrayAdapter.createFromResource(Context context, int textArrayResId, int textViewResId)方法来构造adapter,而此方法导致ArrayAdapter中维护的是一个定长数组!对数组进行add,当然就会出错了。看到这里我不禁感慨,好一个陷阱!!!真相仿佛离我越来越近了,让我们再进入ArrayAdapter源码探个究竟。

  

public class ArrayAdapter<T> extends BaseAdapter implements Filterable {
   // 代表ArrayAdapter中的数据
private List<T> mObjects;
// 其他fields

public ArrayAdapter(Context context, int textViewResourceId, List<T> objects) {
init(context, textViewResourceId,
0, objects);
}

public ArrayAdapter(Context context, int textViewResourceId, T[] objects) {
// 注意这里的Arrays.asList(...)方法!!!
init(context, textViewResourceId, 0, Arrays.asList(objects));
}

public static ArrayAdapter<CharSequence> createFromResource(Context context,
int textArrayResId, int textViewResId) {
CharSequence[] strings
= context.getResources().getTextArray(textArrayResId);
return new ArrayAdapter<CharSequence>(context, textViewResId, strings);
}

private void init(Context context, int resource, int textViewResourceId, List<T> objects) {
mContext
= context;
mInflater
= (LayoutInflater)context.getSystemService(Context.LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE);
mResource
= mDropDownResource = resource;
mObjects
= objects;
mFieldId
= textViewResourceId;
}

public void add(T object) {
if (mOriginalValues != null) {
synchronized (mLock) {
mOriginalValues.add(object);
if (mNotifyOnChange) notifyDataSetChanged();
}
}
else {
mObjects.add(object);
// 若该mObjects为固定长度List,此处将抛异常!!!
if (mNotifyOnChange) notifyDataSetChanged();
}
}
// 其他方法
}

  通过源码可以发现,我上面的思考还是有误的。ArrayAdapter并没有单独维护array类型的数据,而是统一转换成了List,并存在了mObjects对象中。    

  createFromResource(...)调用了ArrayAdapter(Context context, int textViewResourceId, T[] objects)构造方法,而在该方法的内部实现中,android使用Arrays的静态方法asList(...)将一个数组转换为List。熟悉Java的程序员都知道,Arrays.asList(...)方法所返回的并不是一个java.util.ArrayList,而是一个Arrays类的内部类,该List实现是不能进行增删操作的!!(见jdk文档),对该List进行add将抛出UnsupportedOperationException

  哈哈,这下终于真相大白了,这样一来稍微改动一下原来的代码即可成功运行:D

  FInal Solution:

View Code
/**
*
*
@author CodingMyWorld
* 2011-7-31 下午04:43:48
*/
public class MyListView extends ListActivity {
private ArrayAdapter<CharSequence> mAdapter;
private ListView mListView;
private EditText mLanguageText;
private Button mAddButton;

/** Called when the activity is first created. */
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.mylist1);

//get the view
mListView = getListView();
mLanguageText
= (EditText) findViewById(R.id.addLangEdit);
mAddButton
= (Button) findViewById(R.id.addButton);

//array adapter created from string array resources
List<CharSequence> objects = new ArrayList<CharSequence>(
Arrays.asList(getResources().getTextArray(R.array.language)));
mAdapter
= new ArrayAdapter<CharSequence>(
this,
android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1,
objects);
//set the adapter
mListView.setAdapter(mAdapter);

//add listener
mAddButton.setOnClickListener(mOnClickListener);
}

private OnClickListener mOnClickListener = new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
String text
= mLanguageText.getText().toString();
if(null == text || "".equals(text.trim())) {
Toast.makeText(MyListView.
this, "输入不能为空", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
else {
mAdapter.add(text);
mAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged();
//not required
mLanguageText.setText("");
}
}
};
}

  

  注:本博客参加了Google 暑期大学生博客分享大赛 - 2011 Android 成长篇

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