如何用Appium+Pytest实现app并发测试 ？

前言

今天呢想和大家来聊聊Appium+Pytest实现app并发测试，这个功能已经写完很长时间了，一直没有发出来，今天先把代码发出来吧，有一些代码是参考网上写的，具体的代码说明今天暂时先不发了，代码解释的太详细还得我花点时间^_^, 毕竟想让每个人都能看明白也不容易，所以先放代码，有兴趣的先研究吧，废话就不多说了，咱们直接进入正题哟。

一、目录结构

二、文件源码

    """
  import time
  from appium.webdriver import WebElement
  from appium.webdriver.webdriver import WebDriver
  from appium.webdriver.common.touch_action import TouchAction
  from selenium.webdriver.support.wait import WebDriverWait
  from selenium.common.exceptions import NoSuchElementException, TimeoutException
  
  
  class Base(object):
  
      def __init__(self, driver: WebDriver):
          self.driver = driver
  
      @property
      def get_phone_size(self):
          """获取屏幕的大小"""
          width = self.driver.get_window_size()['width']
          height = self.driver.get_window_size()['height']
          return width, height
  
      def swipe_left(self, duration=300):
          """左滑"""
          width, height = self.get_phone_size
          start = width * 0.9, height * 0.5
          end = width * 0.1, height * 0.5
          return self.driver.swipe(*start, *end, duration)
  
      def swipe_right(self, duration=300):
          """右滑"""
          width, height = self.get_phone_size
          start = width * 0.1, height * 0.5
          end = width * 0.9, height * 0.5
          return self.driver.swipe(*start, *end, duration)
  
      def swipe_up(self, duration):
          """上滑"""
          width, height = self.get_phone_size
          start = width * 0.5, height * 0.9
          end = width * 0.5, height * 0.1
          return self.driver.swipe(*start, *end, duration)
  
      def swipe_down(self, duration):
          """下滑"""
          width, height = self.get_phone_size
          start = width * 0.5, height * 0.1
          end = width * 0.5, height * 0.9
          return self.driver.swipe(*start, *end, duration)
  
      def skip_welcome_page(self, direction, num=3):
          """
          滑动页面跳过引导动画
         :param direction:  str 滑动方向，left, right, up, down
          :param num: 滑动次数
          :return:
          """
          direction_dic = {
              "left": "swipe_left",
              "right": "swipe_right",
              "up": "swipe_up",
              "down": "swipe_down"
          }
          time.sleep(3)
          if hasattr(self, direction_dic[direction]):
              for _ in range(num):
                  getattr(self, direction_dic[direction])()  # 使用反射执行不同的滑动方法
          else:
              raise ValueError("参数{}不存在, direction可以为{}任意一个字符串".
                               format(direction, direction_dic.keys()))
  
      @staticmethod
      def get_element_size_location(element):
          width = element.rect["width"]
          height = element.rect["height"]
          start_x = element.rect["x"]
          start_y = element.rect["y"]
          return width, height, start_x, start_y
  
      def get_password_location(self, element: WebElement) -> dict:
          width, height, start_x, start_y = self.get_element_size_location(element)
          point_1 = {"x": int(start_x + width * (1 / 6) * 1), "y": int(start_y + height * (1 / 6) * 1)}
          point_2 = {"x": int(start_x + width * (1 / 6) * 3), "y": int(start_y + height * (1 / 6) * 1)}
          point_3 = {"x": int(start_x + width * (1 / 6) * 5), "y": int(start_y + height * (1 / 6) * 1)}
          point_4 = {"x": int(start_x + width * (1 / 6) * 1), "y": int(start_y + height * (1 / 6) * 3)}
          point_5 = {"x": int(start_x + width * (1 / 6) * 3), "y": int(start_y + height * (1 / 6) * 3)}
          point_6 = {"x": int(start_x + width * (1 / 6) * 5), "y": int(start_y + height * (1 / 6) * 3)}
          point_7 = {"x": int(start_x + width * (1 / 6) * 1), "y": int(start_y + height * (1 / 6) * 5)}
          point_8 = {"x": int(start_x + width * (1 / 6) * 3), "y": int(start_y + height * (1 / 6) * 5)}
          point_9 = {"x": int(start_x + width * (1 / 6) * 5), "y": int(start_y + height * (1 / 6) * 5)}
          keys = {
             1: point_1,
             2: point_2,
             3: point_3,
             4: point_4,
             5: point_5,
             6: point_6,
             7: point_7,
             8: point_8,
             9: point_9
         }
         return keys
 
     def gesture_password(self, element: WebElement, *pwd):
         """手势密码: 直接输入需要链接的点对应的数字，最多9位
         pwd: 1, 2, 3, 6, 9
         """
         if len(pwd) > 9:
             raise ValueError("需要设置的密码不能超过9位!")
         keys_dict = self.get_password_location(element)
         start_point = "TouchAction(self.driver).press(x={0}, y={1}).wait(200)". \
             format(keys_dict[pwd[0]]["x"], keys_dict[pwd[0]]["y"])
         for index in range(len(pwd) - 1):  # 0,1,2,3
             follow_point = ".move_to(x={0}, y={1}).wait(200)". \
                 format(keys_dict[pwd[index + 1]]["x"],
                        keys_dict[pwd[index + 1]]["y"])
             start_point = start_point + follow_point
         full_point = start_point + ".release().perform()"
         return eval(full_point)
 
     def find_element(self, locator: tuple, timeout=30) -> WebElement:
         wait = WebDriverWait(self.driver, timeout)
         try:
             element = wait.until(lambda driver: driver.find_element(*locator))
             return element
         except (NoSuchElementException, TimeoutException):
             print('no found element {} by {}', format(locator[1], locator[0]))
 
 
 if __name__ == '__main__':
     pass

 """
 import socket
 import os
 
 
 def check_port(host, port):
     """检测指定的端口是否被占用"""
     s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)  # 创建socket对象
     try:
         s.connect((host, port))
         s.shutdown(2)
     except OSError:
         print('port %s is available! ' % port)
         return True
     else:
         print('port %s already be in use !' % port)
         return False
 
 
 def release_port(port):
     """释放指定的端口"""
     cmd_find = 'netstat -aon | findstr {}'.format(port)  # 查找对应端口的pid
     print(cmd_find)
 
     # 返回命令执行后的结果
     result = os.popen(cmd_find).read()
     print(result)
 
     if str(port) and 'LISTENING' in result:
         # 获取端口对应的pid进程
         i = result.index('LISTENING')
         start = i + len('LISTENING') + 7
         end = result.index('\n')
         pid = result[start:end]
         cmd_kill = 'taskkill -f -pid %s' % pid  # 关闭被占用端口的pid
         print(cmd_kill)
         os.popen(cmd_kill)
     else:
         print('port %s is available !' % port)
 
 
 if __name__ == '__main__':
     host = '127.0.0.1'
     port = 4723
     if not check_port(host, port):
         print("端口被占用")
         release_port(port)

 """
 import subprocess
 from config.root_config import LOG_DIR
 
 """
 获取main.js的未知，使用main.js启动appium server
 """
 
 
 class MainJs(object):
     """获取启动appium服务的main.js命令"""
 
     def __init__(self, cmd: str = "where main.js"):
         self.cmd = cmd
 
     def get_cmd_result(self):
         p = subprocess.Popen(self.cmd,
                              stdin=subprocess.PIPE,
                              stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
                              stderr=subprocess.PIPE,
                              shell=True)
         with open(LOG_DIR + "/" + "cmd.txt", "w", encoding="utf-8") as f:
             f.write(p.stdout.read().decode("gbk"))
         with open(LOG_DIR + "/" + "cmd.txt", "r", encoding="utf-8") as f:
             cmd_result = f.read().strip("\n")
         return cmd_result
 

 if __name__ == '__main__':
     main = MainJs("where main.js")
     print(main.get_cmd_result())

 automationName: uiautomator2
 platformVersion: 5.1.1
 platformName: Android
 appPackage: com.xxzb.fenwoo
 appActivity: .activity.addition.WelcomeActivity
 noReset: True
 ip: "127.0.0.1"

 """
 import os
 
 """
 project dir and path
 """
 ROOT_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))
 LOG_DIR = os.path.join(ROOT_DIR, "log")
 CONFIG_DIR = os.path.join(ROOT_DIR, "config")
 CONFIG_PATH = os.path.join(CONFIG_DIR, "desired_caps.yml")

 """
 import subprocess
 from time import ctime
 from appium import webdriver
 import yaml
 
 from common.check_port import check_port, release_port
 from common.get_main_js import MainJs
 from config.root_config import CONFIG_PATH, LOG_DIR
 
 
 class BaseDriver(object):
     """获取driver"""
     def __init__(self, device_info):
         main = MainJs("where main.js")
         with open(CONFIG_PATH, 'r') as f:
             self.data = yaml.load(f, Loader=yaml.FullLoader)
         self.device_info = device_info
         js_path = main.get_cmd_result()
         cmd = r"node {0} -a {1} -p {2} -bp {3} -U {4}:{5}".format(
             js_path,
             self.data["ip"],
             self.device_info["server_port"],
             str(int(self.device_info["server_port"]) + 1),
             self.data["ip"],
             self.device_info["device_port"]
         )
         print('%s at %s' % (cmd, ctime()))
         if not check_port(self.data["ip"], int(self.device_info["server_port"])):
             release_port(self.device_info["server_port"])
         subprocess.Popen(cmd, shell=True, stdout=open(LOG_DIR + "/" + device_info["server_port"] + '.log', 'a'),
                          stderr=subprocess.STDOUT)
 
     def get_base_driver(self):
         desired_caps = {
             'platformName': self.data['platformName'],
             'platformVerion': self.data['platformVersion'],
             'udid': self.data["ip"] + ":" + self.device_info["device_port"],
             "deviceName": self.data["ip"] + ":" + self.device_info["device_port"],
             'noReset': self.data['noReset'],
             'appPackage': self.data['appPackage'],
             'appActivity': self.data['appActivity'],
             "unicodeKeyboard": True
         }
         print('appium port:%s start run %s at %s' % (
             self.device_info["server_port"],
             self.data["ip"] + ":" + self.device_info["device_port"],
             ctime()
         ))
         driver = webdriver.Remote(
             'http://' + self.data['ip'] + ':' + self.device_info["server_port"] + '/wd/hub',
             desired_caps
         )
         return driver


 if __name__ == '__main__':
     pass

 """
 from drivers.app_driver import BaseDriver
 import pytest
 import time
 
 from common.check_port import release_port
 
 base_driver = None
 
 
 def pytest_addoption(parser):
     parser.addoption("--cmdopt", action="store", default="device_info", help=None)
 
 
 @pytest.fixture(scope="session")
 def cmd_opt(request):
     return request.config.getoption("--cmdopt")
 
 
 @pytest.fixture(scope="session")
 def common_driver(cmd_opt):
     cmd_opt = eval(cmd_opt)
     print("cmd_opt", cmd_opt)
     global base_driver
     base_driver = BaseDriver(cmd_opt)
     time.sleep(1)
     driver = base_driver.get_base_driver()
     yield driver
     # driver.close_app()
     driver.quit()
     release_port(cmd_opt["server_port"])

 """
 import pytest
 import os
 from multiprocessing import Pool
 
 
 device_infos = [
     {
         "platform_version": "5.1.1",
         "server_port": "4723",
         "device_port": "62001",
     },
     {
         "platform_version": "5.1.1",
         "server_port": "4725",
         "device_port": "62025",
     }
 ]
 
 
 def main(device_info):
     pytest.main(["--cmdopt={}".format(device_info),
                  "--alluredir", "./allure-results", "-vs"])
     os.system("allure generate allure-results -o allure-report --clean")
 
 
 if __name__ == "__main__":
     with Pool(2) as pool:
         pool.map(main, device_infos)
         pool.close()
         pool.join()

 """
 import pytest
 import time
 from appium.webdriver.common.mobileby import MobileBy
 
 from base.base_page import Base
 
 
 class TestGesture(object):
 
     def test_gesture_password(self, common_driver):
         """这个case我只是简单的做了一个绘制手势密码的过程"""
         driver = common_driver
         base = Base(driver)
         base.skip_welcome_page('left', 3)  # 滑动屏幕
         time.sleep(3)  # 为了看滑屏的效果
         driver.start_activity(app_package="com.xxzb.fenwoo",
                               app_activity=".activity.user.CreateGesturePwdActivity")
         commit_btn = (MobileBy.ID, 'com.xxzb.fenwoo:id/right_btn')
         password_gesture = (MobileBy.ID, 'com.xxzb.fenwoo:id/gesturepwd_create_lockview')
         element_commit = base.find_element(commit_btn)
         element_commit.click()
         password_element = base.find_element(password_gesture)
         base.gesture_password(password_element, 1, 2, 3, 6, 5, 4, 7, 8, 9)
         time.sleep(5)  # 看效果
 
 
 if __name__ == '__main__':
     pytest.main()

三、启动说明

1. 我代码中使用的是模拟器，如果你需要使用真机，那么需要修改部分代码，模拟器是带着端口号的，而真机没有端口号，具体怎么修改先自己研究，后面我再详细的介绍

2. desired_caps.yml文件中的配置需要根据自己的app配置修改

3. 代码中没有包含自动连接手机的部分代码，所以执行项目前需要先手动使用adb连接上手机(有条件的，可以自己把这部分代码写一下，然后再运行项目之前调用一下adb连接手机的方法即可)

4. 项目目录中的allure_report, allure_results目录是系统自动生成的，一个存放最终的测试报告，一个是存放报告的依赖文件，如果你接触过allure应该知道

5. log目录下存放了appium server启动之后运行的日志

四、效果展示

最后

我只是初步实现了这样一个多手机并发的需求，并没有写的很详细，比如，让项目更加的规范还需要引入PO设计模式，我这里没写这部分，其次base_page.py中还可以封装更多的方法，我也只封装了几个方法，如果真正的把这个并发引入到项目中肯定还需要完善的，但是需要添加的东西都是照葫芦画瓢了，有问题多思考！

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