用UIAutomation做验收测试

 

这是被测的应用程序：




应用.NET 3.0提供的UIAutomation，我们可以用以下步骤来进行测试：

1. 启动应用程序

string path = @"The Path To The Application";
Process process = Process.Start(path);

string path = @"The Path To The Application";

Process process = Process.Start(path);

2. 获得主窗口对应的AutomationElement

Thread.Sleep(1000);
AutomationElement aeMainWindow = AutomationElement.FromHandle(process.MainWindowHandle);

Thread.Sleep(1000);

AutomationElement aeMainWindow = AutomationElement.FromHandle(process.MainWindowHandle);

3. 获得按钮对应的AutomationElement

AutomationElement aeHelloButton = aeMainWindow.FindFirst(TreeScope.Children, new PropertyCondition(AutomationElement.ControlTypeProperty, ControlType.Button));

AutomationElement aeHelloButton = aeMainWindow.FindFirst(TreeScope.Children, new PropertyCondition(AutomationElement.ControlTypeProperty, ControlType.Button));

4. 点击按钮

此处的GetCurrentPattern相当于Query Interface，Pattern也是UIAutomation的精髓所在。给不同的UI框架做不同的adapter，实现各种各样的pattern，也就是建立了一个概念上的大一统UI。

InvokePattern ipHelloButton = (InvokePattern) aeHelloButton.GetCurrentPattern(InvokePattern.Pattern);
ipHelloButton.Invoke();

InvokePattern ipHelloButton = (InvokePattern) aeHelloButton.GetCurrentPattern(InvokePattern.Pattern);

ipHelloButton.Invoke();

5. 获得文本框对应的AutomationElement

AutomationElement aeHelloTextBox = aeMainWindow.FindFirst(TreeScope.Children, new PropertyCondition(AutomationElement.ControlTypeProperty, ControlType.Edit));

AutomationElement aeHelloTextBox = aeMainWindow.FindFirst(TreeScope.Children, new PropertyCondition(AutomationElement.ControlTypeProperty, ControlType.Edit));

6. 取得文本框中的文本

TextPattern tpHelloTextBox = (TextPattern) aeHelloTextBox.GetCurrentPattern(TextPattern.Pattern);
string text = tpHelloTextBox.DocumentRange.GetText(-1);

TextPattern tpHelloTextBox = (TextPattern) aeHelloTextBox.GetCurrentPattern(TextPattern.Pattern);

string text = tpHelloTextBox.DocumentRange.GetText(-1);

7. 监听窗口被关闭事件

Automation.AddAutomationEventHandler(WindowPattern.WindowClosedEvent, aeMainWindow, TreeScope.Element, HandleMainWindowClose);
private static void HandleMainWindowClose(object sender, AutomationEventArgs e)
{
  Console.WriteLine("Main Window Closed");
}

Automation.AddAutomationEventHandler(WindowPattern.WindowClosedEvent, aeMainWindow, TreeScope.Element, HandleMainWindowClose);

private static void HandleMainWindowClose(object sender, AutomationEventArgs e)

{

Console.WriteLine("Main Window Closed");

}

8. 关闭窗口

process.Kill();

process.Kill();

此时控制台上就会打印出"Main Window Closed"

整个过程演示了三个主要功能：
1、如何主动去操纵界面（点击按钮）
2、如何取得界面的状态（获得文本）
3、如何监听界面的事件（关闭窗口事件）

结论：
UIAutomation可以给Win32, WindowsForms， WPF编写的应用程序撰写验收测试。