MapStruct入门使用

文章目录

在实际的项目开发中会大量的使用POJO作为数据载体,通常有如下的:

实体名 实体含义 说明
DO Data Object 与数据库表结构一一对应,通过DAO层向上传输数据源对象
DTO Data Transfer Object 数据传输对象,Service或Manager向外传输的对象
BO Business Object 业务对象,由Service层输出的封装业务逻辑的对象
VO View Object 显示层对象,通常是 Web 向模板渲染引擎层传输的对象
  • Spring BeanUtils
  • Apache BeanUtils
  • Orika的MapperFacade和MapperFactory
  • MapStruct
    可以选择MapStruct,功能十分强大,而且很灵活,可以满足我们需要的各种需求。

入门案例

Maven项目引入

只需要在pom.xml文件中加入以下依赖即可:

...

        1.8
        1.3.1.Final
    
...
    
        
            org.mapstruct
            mapstruct
            ${mapstruct.version}
        
    
...
    
        
            
                org.apache.maven.plugins
                maven-compiler-plugin
                3.8.1
                
                    ${java.version}
                    ${java.version}
                    
                        
                            org.mapstruct
                            mapstruct-processor
                            ${mapstruct.version}
                        
                    
                
            
        
    
...

MapStruct入门使用_第1张图片

package com.linfanchen.springboot.lab.mapstruct.domain;

public class CarDO { 
    /**
     * 主键ID
     */
    private Integer id;

    /**
     * 名称
     */
    private String name;

    /**
     * 品牌
     */
    private String brand;

    /**
     * 车价
     */
    private Integer price;

    /**
     * 轮胎属性
     */
    private TyreDO tyreDO;

    /**
     * 汽车图片
     */
    private String images;

    public  String  getImages()  { 
        return images;
    }

    public  void  setImages(String images)  { 
        this.images = images;
    }

    public  TyreDO  getTyreDO()  { 
        return tyreDO;
    }

    public  void  setTyreDO(TyreDO tyreDO)  { 
        this.tyreDO = tyreDO;
    }

    public  Integer  getId()  { 
        return id;
    }

    public  void  setId(Integer id)  { 
        this.id = id;
    }

    public  String  getName()  { 
        return name;
    }

    public  void  setName(String name)  { 
        this.name = name;
    }

    public  String  getBrand()  { 
        return brand;
    }

    public  void  setBrand(String brand)  { 
        this.brand = brand;
    }

    public  Integer  getPrice()  { 
        return price;
    }

    public  void  setPrice(Integer price)  { 
        this.price = price;
    }
}
package com.linfanchen.springboot.lab.mapstruct.domain;

/**
 * 轮胎
 */
public class TyreDO { 
    /**
     * 主键ID
     */
    private Integer id;

    /**
     * 轮胎名称
     */
    private String name;

    /**
     * 轮胎尺寸
     */
    private Integer size;

    public  Integer  getId()  { 
        return id;
    }

    public  void  setId(Integer id)  { 
        this.id = id;
    }

    public  String  getName()  { 
        return name;
    }

    public  void  setName(String name)  { 
        this.name = name;
    }

    public  Integer  getSize()  { 
        return size;
    }

    public  void  setSize(Integer size)  { 
        this.size = size;
    }
}

目标对象

package com.linfanchen.springboot.lab.mapstruct.bo;

import com.linfanchen.springboot.lab.mapstruct.domain.TyreDO;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * 汽车业务对象
 */
public class CarBO { 
    /**
     * 主键ID
     */
    private Integer id;

    /**
     * 名称
     */
    private String name;

    /**
     * 品牌
     */
    private String brand;

    /**
     * 车价
     */
    private Integer price;

    /**
     * 轮胎属性
     */
    private TyreDO tyreDO;

    /**
     * 汽车图片
     */
    private String images;

    public  Integer  getId()  { 
        return id;
    }

    public  void  setId(Integer id)  { 
        this.id = id;
    }

    public  String  getName()  { 
        return name;
    }

    public  void  setName(String name)  { 
        this.name = name;
    }

    public  String  getBrand()  { 
        return brand;
    }

    public  void  setBrand(String brand)  { 
        this.brand = brand;
    }

    public  Integer  getPrice()  { 
        return price;
    }

    public  void  setPrice(Integer price)  { 
        this.price = price;
    }

    public  TyreDO  getTyreDO()  { 
        return tyreDO;
    }

    public  void  setTyreDO(TyreDO tyreDO)  { 
        this.tyreDO = tyreDO;
    }

    public  String  getImages()  { 
        return images;
    }

    public  void  setImages(String images)  { 
        this.images = images;
    }
}

CarDetailBO

package com.linfanchen.springboot.lab.mapstruct.bo;

import com.linfanchen.springboot.lab.mapstruct.domain.TyreDO;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * 汽车业务对象
 */
public class CarDetailBO { 
    /**
     * 主键ID
     */
    private Integer carId;

    /**
     * 名称
     */
    private String carName;

    /**
     * 品牌
     */
    private String carBrand;

    /**
     * 车价
     */
    private Integer price;

    /**
     * 轮胎属性
     */
    private TyreDO tyreDetail;

    /**
     * 汽车图片
     */
    private List images;

    public  Integer  getCarId()  { 
        return carId;
    }

    public  void  setCarId(Integer carId)  { 
        this.carId = carId;
    }

    public  String  getCarName()  { 
        return carName;
    }

    public  void  setCarName(String carName)  { 
        this.carName = carName;
    }

    public  String  getCarBrand()  { 
        return carBrand;
    }

    public  void  setCarBrand(String carBrand)  { 
        this.carBrand = carBrand;
    }

    public  Integer  getPrice()  { 
        return price;
    }

    public  void  setPrice(Integer price)  { 
        this.price = price;
    }

    public  TyreDO  getTyreDetail()  { 
        return tyreDetail;
    }

    public  void  setTyreDetail(TyreDO tyreDetail)  { 
        this.tyreDetail = tyreDetail;
    }

    public List getImages() { 
        return images;
    }

    public  void  setImages(List images)  { 
        this.images = images;
    }
}

转换器 CarConvert

说明:

  • INSTANCE 是MapStruct为我们提供的映射工厂,指定接口类型后自动帮我们创建接口的实现,且保证是线程安全的单例,无需自己手动创建。

    package com.linfanchen.springboot.lab.mapstruct.convert;
    
    import com.linfanchen.springboot.lab.mapstruct.bo.CarBO;
    import com.linfanchen.springboot.lab.mapstruct.bo.CarDetailBO;
    import com.linfanchen.springboot.lab.mapstruct.domain.CarDO;
    import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
    import org.mapstruct.Mapper;
    import org.mapstruct.Mapping;
    import org.mapstruct.Mappings;
    import org.mapstruct.Named;
    import org.mapstruct.factory.Mappers;
    
    import java.util.ArrayList;
    import java.util.Arrays;
    import java.util.List;
    
    /**
     * 转换类
     */
    @Mapper
    public interface  CarConvert  { 
    
    CarConvert INSTANCE = Mappers.getMapper(CarConvert.class);
    
    /**
     * 来源和目标类的直接转换
     */
    CarBO convert(CarDO carDO);
    
    /**
     * 添加字段处理和映射关系后的转换
     */
    @Mappings({ 
            @Mapping(source = "id", target = "carId"),
            @Mapping(source = "name", target = "carName"),
            @Mapping(source = "brand", target = "carBrand"),
            @Mapping(source = "tyreDO.id", target = "tyreDetail.id"),
            @Mapping(source = "tyreDO.name", target = "tyreDetail.name"),
            @Mapping(source = "tyreDO.size", target = "tyreDetail.size"),
            @Mapping(source = "images", target = "images", qualifiedByName = "convertImagesStrToList")
    
    })
    CarDetailBO convertDetail(CarDO carDO);
    
    @Named("convertImagesStrToList")
    default List convertImagesStrToList(String images) { 
        String[] splitArr = org.springframework.util.StringUtils.split(images, ",");
        return new ArrayList<>(Arrays.asList(splitArr));
    }
    
    }

    使用 CarTest

    package com.linfanchen.springboot.lab.mapstruct;
    
    import com.linfanchen.springboot.lab.mapstruct.bo.CarBO;
    import com.linfanchen.springboot.lab.mapstruct.bo.CarDetailBO;
    import com.linfanchen.springboot.lab.mapstruct.convert.CarConvert;
    import com.linfanchen.springboot.lab.mapstruct.domain.CarDO;
    import com.linfanchen.springboot.lab.mapstruct.domain.TyreDO;
    import org.junit.Test;
    import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
    import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
    import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;
    
    import java.util.ArrayList;
    import java.util.Arrays;
    import java.util.List;
    import java.util.stream.Collectors;
    
    @RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
    @SpringBootTest
    public class  CarTest  { 
    
    @Test
    public void test() { 
        // 创建轮胎对象
        TyreDO tyreDO = new TyreDO();
        tyreDO.setId(888);
        tyreDO.setName("米其林245/45R19");
        tyreDO.setSize(19);
    
        // 汽车图片地址,通过半角逗号分隔的http地址
        List imageList = new ArrayList<>();
        imageList.add("https://www.bmw.com.cn/image.1601043751651.jpg");
        imageList.add("https://www.bmw.com.cn/image.1623295725814.jpg");
        imageList.add("https://www.bmw.com.cn/image.1611042489480.jpg");
        String imageStr = imageList.stream().map(String::valueOf).collect(Collectors.joining(","));
    
        // 创建汽车对象
        CarDO carDO = new CarDO();
        carDO.setId(123);
        carDO.setBrand("BMW");
        carDO.setName("宝马530Li行政版");
        carDO.setPrice(540000);
        carDO.setTyreDO(tyreDO);
        carDO.setImages(imageStr);
    
        // 直接的数据拷贝
        CarBO carBO = CarConvert.INSTANCE.convert(carDO);
        System.out.println(carBO.getImages());
        System.out.println(carBO.getBrand());
        System.out.println(carBO.getName());
        System.out.println(carBO.getTyreDO());
    
        // 带数据转换的拷贝
        CarDetailBO carDetailBO = CarConvert.INSTANCE.convertDetail(carDO);
        System.out.println(carDetailBO.getImages());
        System.out.println(carDetailBO.getTyreDetail().getName());
    }
    
    }

    在需要进行对象的转换的时候,我们可以使用MapStruct进行各种灵活的转换,最终得到我们想要的数据。

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