HBase shell命令
目录
打错命令，按ctrl+Backspace
1.启动hbase
2.关闭hbase
3. HBase Shell
4.help命令
5.查看集群状态status
6.创建表
7.插入数据
8.查询数据
9.扫描列簇
10.扫描列簇的指定列
11.扫描指定范围
12.查看表结构
13.更新指定字段的数据
14.查看指定行的数据
15.查看指定列族的列的数据
16.查看行数
17.删除某 rowkey 行键的全部数据：
18.删除某 rowkey 的某一列数据：
19.列举所有表list
20.表是否存在exists
21.启用表enable和禁用表disable
22.清空表数据
23.删除表
打错命令，按ctrl+Backspace
1.启动hbase
start-hbase.sh2.关闭hbase
stop-hbase.sh3. HBase Shell
是官方提供的一组命令，用于操作HBase。如果配置了HBase的环境变量了，就可以输入hbase shell 命令进入命令行。
hbase shell4.help命令
可以通过 help '命名名称'来查看命令行的具体使用，包括命令的作用和用法。
通过help ‘hbase’ 命名来查看hbase shell 支持的所有命令，hbase将命令进行分组，其中ddl、dml使用较多。
hbase(main):002:0> help 'hbase'
ERROR: Invalid command or command group name: hbase
HBase Shell, version 1.4.13, r38bf65a22b7e9320f07aeb27677e4533b9a77ef4, Sun Feb 23 02:06:36 PST 2020
Type 'help "COMMAND"', (e.g. 'help "get"' -- the quotes are necessary) for help on a specific command.
Commands are grouped. Type 'help "COMMAND_GROUP"', (e.g. 'help "general"') for help on a command group.
COMMAND GROUPS:
Group name: general
Commands: processlist, status, table_help, version, whoami
Group name: ddl
Commands: alter, alter_async, alter_status, create, describe, disable, disable_all, drop, drop_all, enable, enable_all, exists, get_table, is_disabled, is_enabled, list, list_regions, locate_region, show_filters
Group name: namespace
Commands: alter_namespace, create_namespace, describe_namespace, drop_namespace, list_namespace, list_namespace_tables
Group name: dml
Commands: append, count, delete, deleteall, get, get_counter, get_splits, incr, put, scan, truncate, truncate_preserve
Group name: tools
Commands: assign, balance_switch, balancer, balancer_enabled, catalogjanitor_enabled, catalogjanitor_run, catalogjanitor_switch, cleaner_chore_enabled, cleaner_chore_run, cleaner_chore_switch, clear_deadservers, close_region, compact, compact_rs, compaction_state, flush, is_in_maintenance_mode, list_deadservers, major_compact, merge_region, move, normalize, normalizer_enabled, normalizer_switch, split, splitormerge_enabled, splitormerge_switch, trace, unassign, wal_roll, zk_dump
Group name: replication
Commands: add_peer, append_peer_tableCFs, disable_peer, disable_table_replication, enable_peer, enable_table_replication, get_peer_config, list_peer_configs, list_peers, list_replicated_tables, remove_peer, remove_peer_tableCFs, set_peer_bandwidth, set_peer_tableCFs, show_peer_tableCFs, update_peer_config
Group name: snapshots
Commands: clone_snapshot, delete_all_snapshot, delete_snapshot, delete_table_snapshots, list_snapshots, list_table_snapshots, restore_snapshot, snapshot
Group name: configuration
Commands: update_all_config, update_config
Group name: quotas
Commands: list_quotas, set_quota
Group name: security
Commands: grant, list_security_capabilities, revoke, user_permission
Group name: procedures
Commands: abort_procedure, list_procedures
Group name: visibility labels
Commands: add_labels, clear_auths, get_auths, list_labels, set_auths, set_visibility
Group name: rsgroup
Commands: add_rsgroup, balance_rsgroup, get_rsgroup, get_server_rsgroup, get_table_rsgroup, list_rsgroups, move_servers_rsgroup, move_servers_tables_rsgroup, move_tables_rsgroup, remove_rsgroup, remove_servers_rsgroup
5.查看集群状态status
hbase(main):003:0> status
1 active master, 0 backup masters, 1 servers, 0 dead, 7.0000 average load
6.创建表
#语法
create '表名','列簇名'
#例如
hbase(main):014:0> create 'year','info'
0 row(s) in 1.2980 seconds
=> Hbase::Table - year
7.插入数据
#语法
put '表名','行键','列簇名','值'
#例如
# 第一行数据
hbase(main):015:0> put 'year', '1001', 'info:id', '1'
0 row(s) in 0.1320 seconds
hbase(main):016:0> put 'year', '1001', 'info:name', '张三'
0 row(s) in 0.0070 seconds
hbase(main):017:0> put 'year', '1001', 'info:age', '28'
0 row(s) in 0.0080 seconds
# 第二行数据
hbase(main):026:0> put 'year', '1002', 'info:id', '2'
0 row(s) in 0.0100 seconds
hbase(main):027:0> put 'year', '1002', 'info:name', '李四'
0 row(s) in 0.0050 seconds
hbase(main):028:0> put 'year', '1002', 'info:age', '20'
0 row(s) in 0.0040 seconds
# 第三行数据
hbase(main):029:0> put 'year', '1003', 'info:id', '3'
0 row(s) in 0.0120 seconds
hbase(main):030:0> put 'year', '1003', 'info:name', 'wangwu'
0 row(s) in 0.0070 seconds
hbase(main):031:0> put 'year', '1003', 'info:age', '16'
0 row(s) in 0.0140 seconds
8.查询数据
scan '表名'
hbase(main):032:0> scan 'year'
ROW COLUMN+CELL
1001 column=info:age, timestamp=1650518056828, value=28
1001 column=info:id, timestamp=1650518051442, value=1
1001 column=info:name, timestamp=1650518051501, value=\xE5\xBC\xA0\xE4\xB8\x89
1002 column=info:age, timestamp=1650518373828, value=20
1002 column=info:id, timestamp=1650518373023, value=2
1002 column=info:name, timestamp=1650518373053, value=\xE6\x9D\x8E\xE5\x9B\x9B #中文编码
1003 column=info:age, timestamp=1650518386062, value=16
1003 column=info:id, timestamp=1650518382621, value=3
1003 column=info:name, timestamp=1650518382650, value=wangwu
3 row(s) in 0.0430 seconds
9.扫描列簇
# 语法
scan '表名', {COLUMN=>'列族名'}
# 例如
hbase(main):033:0> scan 'year',{COLUMN=>'info'}
ROW COLUMN+CELL
1001 column=info:age, timestamp=1650518056828, value=28
1001 column=info:id, timestamp=1650518051442, value=1
1001 column=info:name, timestamp=1650518051501, value=\xE5\xBC\xA0\xE4\xB8\x89
1002 column=info:age, timestamp=1650518373828, value=20
1002 column=info:id, timestamp=1650518373023, value=2
1002 column=info:name, timestamp=1650518373053, value=\xE6\x9D\x8E\xE5\x9B\x9B
1003 column=info:age, timestamp=1650518386062, value=16
1003 column=info:id, timestamp=1650518382621, value=3
1003 column=info:name, timestamp=1650518382650, value=wangwu
3 row(s) in 0.0360 seconds10.扫描列簇的指定列
# 语法
scan '表名', {COLUMN=>'列族名:列名'}
#例如
hbase(main):034:0> scan 'year',{COLUMN=>'info:age'}
ROW COLUMN+CELL
1001 column=info:age, timestamp=1650518056828, value=28
1002 column=info:age, timestamp=1650518373828, value=20
1003 column=info:age, timestamp=1650518386062, value=16
3 row(s) in 0.0310 seconds11.扫描指定范围
hbase(main):035:0> scan 'year',{STARTROW => '1001', STOPROW => '1003'} #前闭后开
ROW COLUMN+CELL
1001 column=info:age, timestamp=1650518056828, value=28
1001 column=info:id, timestamp=1650518051442, value=1
1001 column=info:name, timestamp=1650518051501, value=\xE5\xBC\xA0\xE4\xB8\x89
1002 column=info:age, timestamp=1650518373828, value=20
1002 column=info:id, timestamp=1650518373023, value=2
1002 column=info:name, timestamp=1650518373053, value=\xE6\x9D\x8E\xE5\x9B\x9B
2 row(s) in 0.0310 seconds
hbase(main):036:0> scan 'year',{STARTROW => '1001'}
ROW COLUMN+CELL
1001 column=info:age, timestamp=1650518056828, value=28
1001 column=info:id, timestamp=1650518051442, value=1
1001 column=info:name, timestamp=1650518051501, value=\xE5\xBC\xA0\xE4\xB8\x89
1002 column=info:age, timestamp=1650518373828, value=20
1002 column=info:id, timestamp=1650518373023, value=2
1002 column=info:name, timestamp=1650518373053, value=\xE6\x9D\x8E\xE5\x9B\x9B
1003 column=info:age, timestamp=1650518386062, value=16
1003 column=info:id, timestamp=1650518382621, value=3
1003 column=info:name, timestamp=1650518382650, value=wangwu
3 row(s) in 0.0620 seconds
12.查看表结构
#语法
descride '表名'
#例如
hbase(main):037:0> describe 'year'
Table year is ENABLED
year
COLUMN FAMILIES DESCRIPTION
{NAME => 'info', BLOOMFILTER => 'ROW', VERSIONS => '1', IN_MEMORY => 'false', KEEP_DELETED_CELLS => 'FALSE', DATA_BLOCK_ENCODING => 'NONE
', TTL => 'FOREVER', COMPRESSION => 'NONE', MIN_VERSIONS => '0', BLOCKCACHE => 'true', BLOCKSIZE => '65536', REPLICATION_SCOPE => '0'}
1 row(s) in 0.0450 seconds
13.更新指定字段的数据
#语法
put '表名','行键','列簇名','值'
#例如
hbase(main):038:0> put 'year', '1001', 'info:id', '1'
0 row(s) in 0.0210 seconds
hbase(main):039:0> put 'year', '1001', 'info:name', 'zhangsan'
0 row(s) in 0.0120 seconds
hbase(main):040:0> put 'year', '1001', 'info:age', '22'
0 row(s) in 0.0080 seconds
hbase(main):041:0> scan 'year'
ROW COLUMN+CELL
1001 column=info:age, timestamp=1650519485027, value=22
1001 column=info:id, timestamp=1650519483672, value=1
1001 column=info:name, timestamp=1650519483706, value=zhangsan
1002 column=info:age, timestamp=1650518373828, value=20
1002 column=info:id, timestamp=1650518373023, value=2
1002 column=info:name, timestamp=1650518373053, value=\xE6\x9D\x8E\xE5\x9B\x9B
1003 column=info:age, timestamp=1650518386062, value=16
1003 column=info:id, timestamp=1650518382621, value=3
1003 column=info:name, timestamp=1650518382650, value=wangwu
3 row(s) in 0.0290 seconds
14.查看指定行的数据
#语法
get '表名'，'行键'
#例如
hbase(main):042:0> get 'year','1001'
COLUMN CELL
info:age timestamp=1650519485027, value=22
info:id timestamp=1650519483672, value=1
info:name timestamp=1650519483706, value=zhangsan
1 row(s) in 0.0310 seconds
15.查看指定列族的列的数据
#语法
get '表名'，'行键','列簇名'
#例如
hbase(main):043:0> get 'year','1001','info:age'
COLUMN CELL
info:age timestamp=1650519485027, value=22
1 row(s) in 0.0110 seconds16.查看行数
#语法
count '表名'
#例如
hbase(main):044:0> count 'year'
3 row(s) in 0.0120 seconds
=> 3
17.删除某 rowkey 行键的全部数据：
#语法
deleteall '表名'，'行键'
#例如
hbase(main):045:0> deleteall 'year','1001'
0 row(s) in 0.0520 seconds
hbase(main):046:0> scan 'year'
ROW COLUMN+CELL
1002 column=info:age, timestamp=1650518373828, value=20
1002 column=info:id, timestamp=1650518373023, value=2
1002 column=info:name, timestamp=1650518373053, value=\xE6\x9D\x8E\xE5\x9B\x9B
1003 column=info:age, timestamp=1650518386062, value=16
1003 column=info:id, timestamp=1650518382621, value=3
1003 column=info:name, timestamp=1650518382650, value=wangwu
2 row(s) in 0.0120 seconds18.删除某 rowkey 的某一列数据：
#语法
deleteall '表名'，'行键','列簇名'
#例如
hbase(main):049:0> deleteall 'year','1002','info:id'
0 row(s) in 0.0050 seconds
hbase(main):050:0> scan 'year'
ROW COLUMN+CELL
1002 column=info:age, timestamp=1650518373828, value=20
1002 column=info:name, timestamp=1650518373053, value=\xE6\x9D\x8E\xE5\x9B\x9B
1003 column=info:age, timestamp=1650518386062, value=16
1003 column=info:id, timestamp=1650518382621, value=3
1003 column=info:name, timestamp=1650518382650, value=wangwu
2 row(s) in 0.0160 seconds
19.列举所有表list
hbase(main):051:0> list
TABLE
year
1 row(s) in 0.0110 seconds
=> ["year"]
20.表是否存在exists
# 语法
exists '表名'
#例如
hbase(main):052:0> exists 'year'
Table year does exist
0 row(s) in 0.0110 seconds
21.启用表enable和禁用表disable
通过enable和disable来启用/禁用这个表,相应的可以通过is_enabled和is_disabled来检查表是否被禁用。
# 语法
enable '表名'
is_enabled '表名'
disable '表名'
is_disabled '表名'
#例如
hbase(main):053:0> enable 'year'
0 row(s) in 0.0190 seconds
hbase(main):054:0> is_enabled 'year'
true
0 row(s) in 0.0100 seconds
hbase(main):055:0>
hbase(main):056:0* disable 'year'
0 row(s) in 2.2670 seconds
hbase(main):057:0> is_disabled 'year'
true
0 row(s) in 0.0320 seconds
22.清空表数据
#语法
先禁用表
才能清空数据
#例如
disable 'year'
turncate 'year'23.删除表
#语法
先禁用表
才能删除表
#例如
disable 'year'
drop 'year'