【云原生 | Kubernetes 系列】---kube-state-metrics

1. kube-state-metrics组件

kube-state-metrics:通过监听API Server生成有关资源对象的状态指标,kube-state-metrics只是提供一个metrics数据,并不会存储这些指标数据,所以我们可以使用prometheus抓取这些数据后存储,主要关注的是业务相关的一些元数据,比如Deployment,Pod副本状态,调度了多少个replicas,多少个pod的状态是running/stopped/terminated?pod重启了多少次?目前多少job在运行中.

kube-state-metrics	Kubernetes 1.20	Kubernetes 1.21	Kubernetes 1.22	Kubernetes 1.23	Kubernetes 1.24
v2.3.0	✓	✓	✓	✓	-
v2.4.2	-/✓	-/✓	✓	✓	-
v2.5.0	-/✓	-/✓	✓	✓	✓
v2.6.0	-/✓	-/✓	✓	✓	✓
master	-/✓	-/✓	✓	✓	✓

1.1 镜像准备

从hub.docker下载镜像,这里使用到的是kube-state-metrics:2.4.2
https://hub.docker.com/r/bitnami/kube-state-metrics
为了今后使用方便,下载后打上tag然后上传harbor仓库

docker pull bitnami/kube-state-metrics:2.4.2
docker tag bitnami/kube-state-metrics:2.4.2 harbor.intra.com/prometheus/kube-state-metrics:2.4.2
docker push harbor.intra.com/prometheus/kube-state-metrics:2.4.2

1.2 kube-state-metrics yaml文件

1. 需要将image设定为harbor上的镜像
2. replicas设置1个就够了
3. 创建serviceaccount进行授权访问k8s内部对象,权限是list和watch
4. 由于需要提供给k8s以外的prometheus访问,Service使用noteport方式暴露服务.这样就能通过node:31666/metrics读取到数据.也可以使用haproxy将服务进行ha

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: kube-state-metrics
  namespace: kube-system
spec:
  replicas: 1
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: kube-state-metrics
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: kube-state-metrics
    spec:
      serviceAccountName: kube-state-metrics
      containers:
      - name: kube-state-metrics
        image: harbor.intra.com/prometheus/kube-state-metrics:2.4.2
        ports:
        - containerPort: 8080
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
  name: kube-state-metrics
  namespace: kube-system
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRole
metadata:
  name: kube-state-metrics
rules:
- apiGroups: [""]
  resources: ["nodes", "pods", "services", "resourcequotas", "replicationcontrollers", "limitranges", "persistentvolumeclaims", "persistentvolumes", "namespaces", "endpoints"]
  verbs: ["list", "watch"]
- apiGroups: ["extensions"]
  resources: ["daemonsets", "deployments", "replicasets"]
  verbs: ["list", "watch"]
- apiGroups: ["apps"]
  resources: ["statefulsets"]
  verbs: ["list", "watch"]
- apiGroups: ["batch"]
  resources: ["cronjobs", "jobs"]
  verbs: ["list", "watch"]
- apiGroups: ["autoscaling"]
  resources: ["horizontalpodautoscalers"]
  verbs: ["list", "watch"]
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
  name: kube-state-metrics
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: ClusterRole
  name: kube-state-metrics
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
  name: kube-state-metrics
  namespace: kube-system

---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  annotations:
    prometheus.io/scrape: 'true'
  name: kube-state-metrics
  namespace: kube-system
  labels:
    app: kube-state-metrics
spec:
  type: NodePort
  ports:
  - name: kube-state-metrics
    port: 8080
    targetPort: 8080
    nodePort: 31666
    protocol: TCP
  selector:
    app: kube-state-metrics

1.3 部署kube-state-metrics

执行部署后在nskube-system下创建kube-state-metrics的deployment含有一个pod:kube-state-metrics-8444bbc459-q2wqg,Service名为kube-state-metrics,以nodeport的方式暴露31666对外提供服务.

kubectl apply -f kube-state-metrics.yaml
root@k8s-master-01:/opt/k8s-data/yaml/prometheus-files/case1/prometheus-files/case# kubectl get pods -n kube-system |grep kube-state-metrics
kube-state-metrics-8444bbc459-q2wqg        1/1     Running   0              12m
root@k8s-master-01:/opt/k8s-data/yaml/prometheus-files/case1/prometheus-files/case# kubectl get svc -n kube-system |grep kube-state-metrics
kube-state-metrics   NodePort    10.200.98.90   <none>        8080:31666/TCP                 12m

创建ha后可以通过ha地址直接访问metrics信息

1.4 Prometheus收集kube-state-metrics的数据

静态配置

  - job_name: "kube-state-metrics"
    metrics_path: /metrics
    static_configs:
      - targets: ["192.168.31.188:31666"] 

重启prometheus

root@prometheus-2:/apps/prometheus# systemctl restart prometheus.service 

这样数据被正常收集到prometheus

1.5 grafana 导入

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