JDK动态代理的过程
JDK动态代理采用字节重组,重新生成对象来替代原始对象,以达到动态代理的目的。
JDK中有一个规范,在ClassPath下只要是$开头的.class文件,一般都是自动生成的。
要实现JDK动态代理生成对象,首先得弄清楚JDK动态代理的过程。
1.获取被代理对象的引用,并且使用反射获取它的所有接口。
2.JDK动态代理类重新生成一个新的类,同时新的类要实现被代理类实现的所有接口。
3.动态生成Java代码,新添加的业务逻辑方法由一定的逻辑代码调用。
4.编译新生成的Java代码(.class文件)。
5.重新加载到VM中运行。
手写实现JDK动态代理
JDK动态代理功能非常强大, 接下来就模仿JDK动态代理实现一个属于自己的动态代理。
创建MyInvocationHandler接口
参考JDK动态代理的InvocationHandler
接口,创建属于自己的MyInvocationHandler
接口
public interface MyInvocationHandler { Object invoke(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args) throws Throwable; }
创建MyClassLoader类加载器
public class MyClassLoader extends ClassLoader { private File classPathFile; public MyClassLoader() { String classPath = MyClassLoader.class.getResource("").getPath(); this.classPathFile = new File(classPath); } @Override protected Class> findClass(String name) { String className = MyClassLoader.class.getPackage().getName() + "." + name; if (classPathFile != null) { File classFile = new File(classPathFile, name.replaceAll("\\.", "/") + ".class"); if (classFile.exists()) { FileInputStream in = null; ByteArrayOutputStream out = null; try { in = new FileInputStream(classFile); out = new ByteArrayOutputStream(); byte[] buff = new byte[1024]; int len; while ((len = in.read(buff)) != -1) { out.write(buff, 0, len); } return defineClass(className, out.toByteArray(), 0, out.size()); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } return null; } }
创建代理类
创建的代理类是整个JDK动态代理的核心
public class MyProxy { // 回车、换行符 public static final String ln = "\r\n"; /** * 重新生成一个新的类,并实现被代理类实现的所有接口 * * @param classLoader 类加载器 * @param interfaces 被代理类实现的所有接口 * @param invocationHandler * @return 返回字节码重组以后的新的代理对象 */ public static Object newProxyInstance(MyClassLoader classLoader, Class>[] interfaces, MyInvocationHandler invocationHandler) { try { // 动态生成源代码.java文件 String sourceCode = generateSourceCode(interfaces); // 将源代码写入到磁盘中 String filePath = MyProxy.class.getResource("").getPath(); File f = new File(filePath + "$Proxy0.java"); FileWriter fw = new FileWriter(f); fw.write(sourceCode); fw.flush(); fw.close(); // 把生成的.java文件编译成.class文件 JavaCompiler compiler = ToolProvider.getSystemJavaCompiler(); StandardJavaFileManager manage = compiler.getStandardFileManager(null, null, null); Iterable iterable = manage.getJavaFileObjects(f); JavaCompiler.CompilationTask task = compiler.getTask(null, manage, null, null, null, iterable); task.call(); manage.close(); // 编译生成的.class文件加载到JVM中来 Class proxyClass = classLoader.findClass("$Proxy0"); Constructor c = proxyClass.getConstructor(MyInvocationHandler.class); //删除生成的.java文件 f.delete(); // 返回字节码重组以后的新的代理对象 return c.newInstance(invocationHandler); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return null; } /** * 动态生成源代码.java文件 * * @param interfaces 被代理类实现的所有接口 * @return .java文件的源代码 */ private static String generateSourceCode(Class>[] interfaces) { StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer(); sb.append(MyProxy.class.getPackage() + ";" + ln); sb.append("import " + interfaces[0].getName() + ";" + ln); sb.append("import java.lang.reflect.*;" + ln); sb.append("public class $Proxy0 implements " + interfaces[0].getName() + "{" + ln); sb.append("MyInvocationHandler invocationHandler;" + ln); sb.append("public $Proxy0(MyInvocationHandler invocationHandler) { " + ln); sb.append("this.invocationHandler = invocationHandler;"); sb.append("}" + ln); for (Method m : interfaces[0].getMethods()) { Class>[] params = m.getParameterTypes(); StringBuffer paramNames = new StringBuffer(); StringBuffer paramValues = new StringBuffer(); StringBuffer paramClasses = new StringBuffer(); for (int i = 0; i < params.length; i++) { Class clazz = params[i]; String type = clazz.getName(); String paramName = toLowerFirstCase(clazz.getSimpleName()); paramNames.append(type + " " + paramName); paramValues.append(paramName); paramClasses.append(clazz.getName() + ".class"); if (i > 0 && i < params.length - 1) { paramNames.append(","); paramClasses.append(","); paramValues.append(","); } } sb.append("public " + m.getReturnType().getName() + " " + m.getName() + "(" + paramNames + ") {" + ln); sb.append("try{" + ln); sb.append("Method m = " + interfaces[0].getName() + ".class.getMethod(\"" + m.getName() + "\",new Class[]{" + paramClasses + "});" + ln); sb.append((hasReturnValue(m.getReturnType()) ? "return " : "") + getCaseCode("this.invocationHandler.invoke(this,m,new Object[]{" + paramClasses + "})", m.getReturnType()) + ";" + ln); sb.append("}catch(Error ex) { }"); sb.append("catch(Throwable e){" + ln); sb.append("throw new UndeclaredThrowableException(e);" + ln); sb.append("}"); sb.append(getReturnEmptyCode(m.getReturnType())); sb.append("}"); } sb.append("}" + ln); return sb.toString(); } /** * 定义返回类型 */ private static Mapmappings = new HashMap (); /** * 初始化一些返回类型 */ static { mappings.put(int.class, Integer.class); mappings.put(Integer.class, Integer.class); mappings.put(double.class, Double.class); mappings.put(Double.class, Double.class); } private static String getReturnEmptyCode(Class> returnClass) { if (mappings.containsKey(returnClass)) { if (returnClass.equals(int.class) || returnClass.equals(Integer.class)) { return "return 0;"; } else if (returnClass.equals(double.class) || returnClass.equals(Double.class)) { return "return 0.0;"; } else { return "return 0;"; } } else if (returnClass == void.class) { return ""; } else { return "return null;"; } } /** * 判断返回值类型 * * @param code * @param returnClass * @return */ private static String getCaseCode(String code, Class> returnClass) { if (mappings.containsKey(returnClass)) { // ((java.lang.Double) this.invocationHandler.invoke(this, m, new Object[]{})).doubleValue(); String re = "((" + mappings.get(returnClass).getName() + ")" + code + ")." + returnClass.getSimpleName().toLowerCase() + "Value()"; return re; } return code; } /** * 判断代理接口的方法的返回值是否为void * * @param clazz 方法的返回值类型 * @return */ private static boolean hasReturnValue(Class> clazz) { return clazz != void.class; } /** * 参数首字母小写 * * @param src * @return */ private static String toLowerFirstCase(String src) { char[] chars = src.toCharArray(); if (chars[0] >= 'A' && chars[0] <= 'Z') { chars[0] += 32; } return String.valueOf(chars); } /** * 首字母大写 * * @param src * @return */ private static String toUpperFirstCase(String src) { char[] chars = src.toCharArray(); if (chars[0] >= 'a' && chars[0] <= 'z') { chars[0] -= 32; } return String.valueOf(chars); } }
使用自定义动态代理类
创建接口
public interface IUser { void shopping(); Double expenses(); }
创建被代理接口
public class User implements IUser { @Override public void shopping() { System.out.println("user shopping...."); } @Override public Double expenses() { return 50.5; } }
创建代理接口
public class UseProxy implements MyInvocationHandler { private Object target; public Object myJDKProxy(Object target){ this.target = target; Class<?> clazz = target.getClass(); return MyProxy.newProxyInstance(new MyClassLoader(),clazz.getInterfaces(),this); } public Object invoke(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args) throws Throwable { System.out.println("代理user,执行shopping()开始..."); Object result = method.invoke(this.target, args); System.out.println("代理user,执行shopping()结束..."); return result; } }
客户端调用
public static void main(String[] args) { UseProxy useProxy = new UseProxy(); IUser user = (IUser) useProxy.myJDKProxy(new User()); user.shopping(); System.out.println(user.expenses()); }
执行结果
代理user,执行shopping()开始...
user shopping....
代理user,执行shopping()结束...
--------------------------------
代理user,执行shopping()开始...
代理user,执行shopping()结束...
--------------------------------
50.5
生成源代码
查看生产的Java文件源代码
package cn.ybzy.demo.proxy.proxy; import cn.ybzy.demo.proxy.client.IUser; import java.lang.reflect.*; public class $Proxy0 implements cn.ybzy.demo.proxy.client.IUser{ MyInvocationHandler invocationHandler; public $Proxy0(MyInvocationHandler invocationHandler) { this.invocationHandler = invocationHandler;} public java.lang.Double expenses() { try{ Method m = cn.ybzy.demo.proxy.client.IUser.class.getMethod("expenses",new Class[]{}); return ((java.lang.Double)this.invocationHandler.invoke(this,m,new Object[]{})).doubleValue(); }catch(Error ex) { }catch(Throwable e){ throw new UndeclaredThrowableException(e); }return 0.0;}public void shopping() { try{ Method m = cn.ybzy.demo.proxy.client.IUser.class.getMethod("shopping",new Class[]{}); this.invocationHandler.invoke(this,m,new Object[]{}); }catch(Error ex) { }catch(Throwable e){ throw new UndeclaredThrowableException(e); }}}
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