【鸿蒙应用开发系列】- 获取系统设备信息以及版本API兼容调用方式

在应用开发中，有时候我们需要获取系统的设备信息，用于数据上报和行为分析。

那在鸿蒙系统中，我们应该怎么去获取设备的系统信息呢，比如说获取手机的系统版本号、手机的制造商、手机型号等数据。

1、获取方式

这里分为两种情况，一种是设备信息的获取，一种是系统信息的获取。

1.1、获取设备信息

获取设备信息，鸿蒙的SDK包为我们提供了DeviceInfo类，通过该类的一些静态方法，可以获取设备信息，DeviceInfo类的包路径为：

ohos.system.DeviceInfo.

具体的方法如下：

Modifier and Type	Method	Description
static String	getAbiList​()	Obtains the abilist represented by a string.
static String	getBootloaderVersion​()	Obtains the bootloader version represented by a string.
static String	getBrand​()	Obtains the brand represented by a string.
static String	getBuildHost​()	Obtains the build host represented by a string.
static String	getBuildRootHash​()	Obtains the build root hash represented by a string.
static String	getBuildTime​()	Obtains the build time represented by a string.
static String	getBuildType​()	Obtains the build type represented by a string.
static String	getBuildUser​()	Obtains the build user represented by a string.
static String	getDeviceType​()	Obtains the device type represented by a string.
static String	getDisplayVersion​()	Obtains the display version represented by a string.
static String	getHardwareModel​()	Obtains the hardware version represented by a string.
static String	getHardwareProfile​()	Obtains the hardware profile represented by a string.
static String	getIncrementalVersion​()	Obtains the incremental version represented by a string.
static String	getLocale​()	Obtains the product locale represented by a string.
static String	getLocaleLanguage​()	Obtains the product locale's language represented by a string.
static String	getLocaleRegion​()	Obtains the product locale's region represented by a string.
static String	getManufacture​()	Obtains the manufacture represented by a string.
static String	getModel​()	Obtains the product model represented by a string.
static String	getName​()	Obtains the product name represented by a string.
static String	getOsReleaseType​()	Obtains the os release type represented by a string.
static String	getProductSeries​()	Obtains the product series represented by a string.
static String	getSecurityPatchTag​()	Obtains the security patch tag represented by a string.
static String	getSoftwareModel​()	Obtains the software model represented by a string.
static String	getVersionId​()	Obtains the version id represented by a string.

1.2、获取系统信息

获取系统信息，鸿蒙的SDK包为我们提供了SystemVersion类，通过该类的一些静态方法，可以获取设备信息，SystemVersion类的包路径为：

ohos.system.version.SystemVersion

具体的方法如下：

Modifier and Type	Method	Description
static int	getApiVersion​()	Obtains the API version number.
static int	getBuildVersion​()	Obtains the build (B) version number, which increases with each new development build.
static int	getFeatureVersion​()	Obtains the feature (F) version number, which increases with any planned new features.
static int	getFirstApiVersion​()	Obtains the First API version number.
static int	getMajorVersion​()	Obtains the major (M) version number, which increases with any updates to the overall architecture.
static String	getOSFullName​()	Obtains the OS full name.
static String	getReleaseType​()	Obtains the OS release type.
static int	getSdkApiVersion​()	Obtains the SDK API version number.
static int	getSeniorVersion​()	Obtains the senior (S) version number, which increases with any updates to the partial architecture or major features.
static String	getVersion​()	Obtains the version number represented by a string in the following format: Major version number.Senior version number.Feature version number.Build version number.

2、API兼容调用方式

上述鸿蒙提供的DeviceInfo、SystemVersion类，其中一些方法，是在SDK7 中才提供的，换句话说，就是在SDK6中是不存在这些方法的，因此，当我们

的应用运行在SDK6的鸿蒙系统中，比如鸿蒙2.0系统上，当我们使用了这些方法（API）,会出现运行时错误，导致引用闪退。

比如我们在鸿蒙系统2.0的手机上，应用调用getManufacturer方法，会出现如下错误：

java.lang.NoSuchMethodError: No static method getManufacture()Ljava/lang/String; in class Lohos/system/DeviceInfo; or its super classes (declaration of 'ohos.system.DeviceInfo' appears in /system/framework/zframework.z.jar!classes2.dex)
    at com.xxx.xxx.AppUtils.getManufacturer(AppUtils.java:10)

通过日志，可以很明显的看出报出的错误是未找到方法的错误。

那我们应该怎么解决上述问题呢，在不支持的系统中，兼容处理这种错误，下面为大家提供一种解决方案。

我们定义一个Build，提供一些系统SDK版本定义，具体如下

public class Build {

    public static class VERSION {

        public static final int CODES_1 = 1;
        public static final int CODES_2 = 2;
        public static final int CODES_3 = 3;
        public static final int CODES_4 = 4;
        public static final int CODES_5 = 5;
        public static final int CODES_6 = 6;
        public static final int CODES_7 = 7;

    }

}

对外回传一个空值，或者传递一个UNKNOWN字符串。在调用getManufacturer 的地方，增加系统SDK版本的判断，当我们的系统SDK版本号满足调用该方法的条件下，才去调用getManufacturer方法，否则，对外回传一个空值，或者传递一个UNKNOWN字符串。

public static String getManufacturer() {
    if (SystemVersion.getApiVersion()>= Build.VERSION.CODES_7) {
        return checkValidData(DeviceInfo.getManufacture());
    }
    return "UNKNOWN";
}

private static String checkValidData(final String data) {
    String tempData = data;
    if (tempData == null || tempData.length() == 0) {
        tempData = "";
    }
    return tempData;
}

这里我们调用SystemVersion.getApiVersion()得到一个系统的API版本号，就是上面说的支持的SDK版本号，通过该版本号可以知道当前使用的手机系统最高

支持的SDK版本具体是多少，这样就完成了我们调用鸿蒙开发SDK包中的API的兼容性调用，解决了可能出现的运行时闪退问题。

本文到此就完结了，谢谢大家的阅读！