JavaEE入门小项目：使用数据库完成登陆功能
通过本例来巩固下所学的Java Web知识（Servlet、数据库、html）
用户登录案例需求：
1.编写login.html登录页面
username & password 两个输入框
2.使用Druid数据库连接池技术,操作mysql，day14数据库中user表
3.使用JdbcTemplate技术封装JDBC
4.登录成功跳转到SuccessServlet展示：登录成功！用户名,欢迎您
5.登录失败跳转到FailServlet展示：登录失败，用户名或密码错误
1.创建项目，导入html页面，配置文件，jar包
创建JavaEE项目：http端口号80，虚拟目录名为day14_test
配置文件druid.properties配置数据库连接池：
driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
url=jdbc:mysql:///day14 灰色斜杠被转义了，其实是三个斜杠
username=root
password=root
initialSize=5
maxActive=10
maxWait=3000
然后导入项目需要的jar包：把lib添加到library
书写前端代码：
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Titletitle>
head>
<body> <!--表单提交到虚拟目录day14_test下的loginServlet资源>
<form action="/day14_test/loginServlet" method="post">
用户名:<input type="text" name="username"> <br>
密码:<input type="password" name="password"><br>
<input type="submit" value="登录">
form>
body>
html>
前端页面效果：
2、创建数据库环境
CREATE DATABASE day14;
USE day14;
CREATE TABLE USER(
id INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,
username VARCHAR(32) UNIQUE NOT NULL,
PASSWORD VARCHAR(32) NOT NULL
);
// 可以在其中插入一些数据
INSERT INTO USER VALUES(2,"zhangsan","123");
3.创建包cn.itcast.domain,创建类User
public class User {
private int id;
private String username;
private String password;
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "User{" +
"id=" + id +
", username='" + username + '\'' +
", password='" + password + '\'' +
'}';
}
}
4.创建包cn.itcast.util,编写工具类JDBCUtils,简化数据库连接池的操作
package cn.itcast.util;
import com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSourceFactory;
import javax.sql.DataSource;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Statement;
import java.util.Properties;
public class JDBCUtils {
private static DataSource ds;
static{
Properties pro = new Properties();
try {
pro.load(JDBCUtils.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("druid.properties"));
ds= DruidDataSourceFactory.createDataSource(pro);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public static void close(Statement stmt, Connection conn, ResultSet rs){
if(stmt!=null){
try {
stmt.close();
} catch (SQLException throwables) {
throwables.printStackTrace();
}
}
if(conn!=null){
try {
conn.close();
} catch (SQLException throwables) {
throwables.printStackTrace();
}
}
if(rs!=null){
try {
rs.close();
} catch (SQLException throwables) {
throwables.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
public static void close(Statement stmt, Connection conn){
close(stmt,conn,null);
}
public static DataSource getDataSource(){
return ds;
}
}
5.创建包cn.itcast.dao,创建类UserDao,提供login方法,使用JDBCTemplate
package cn.itcast.dao;
import cn.itcast.domain.User;
import cn.itcast.util.JDBCUtils;
import org.springframework.dao.DataAccessException;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.BeanPropertyRowMapper;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
/**
* 操作数据库中User表的类
*/
public class UserDao {
//声明JDBCTemplate对象共用
private JdbcTemplate template = new JdbcTemplate(JDBCUtils.getDataSource());
/**
* 登录方法
* @param loginUser 只有用户名和密码
* @return user包含用户全部数据,没有查询到，返回null
*/
public User login(User loginUser){
try {
//1.编写sql
String sql = "select * from user where username = ? and password = ?";
//2.调用query方法
User user = template.queryForObject(sql,
new BeanPropertyRowMapper<User>(User.class),
loginUser.getUsername(), loginUser.getPassword());
return user;
} catch (DataAccessException e) {
e.printStackTrace();//记录日志
return null;
}
}
}
6.书写三个servlet一个用于登录判断，另外两个作为跳转页面：
用来判断登录的servlet：BeanUtils是封装JavaBean的工具，能把Map集合直接封装为JavaBean，使用populate方法封装。
package cn.itcast.web.servlet;
import cn.itcast.dao.UserDao;
import cn.itcast.domain.User;
import org.apache.commons.beanutils.BeanUtils;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
import java.util.Map;
@WebServlet("/loginServlet")
public class LoginServlet extends HttpServlet {
@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
//1.设置编码
req.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
/* //2.获取请求参数
String username = req.getParameter("username");
String password = req.getParameter("password");
//3.封装user对象
User loginUser = new User();
loginUser.setUsername(username);
loginUser.setPassword(password);*/
//2.获取所有请求参数
Map<String, String[]> map = req.getParameterMap();
//3.创建User对象
User loginUser = new User();
//3.2使用BeanUtils封装
try {
BeanUtils.populate(loginUser,map);
} catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
//4.调用UserDao的login方法
UserDao dao = new UserDao();
User user = dao.login(loginUser);
//5.判断user
if(user == null){
//登录失败
req.getRequestDispatcher("/failServlet").forward(req,resp);
}else{
//登录成功
//存储数据
req.setAttribute("user",user);
//转发
req.getRequestDispatcher("/successServlet").forward(req,resp);
}
}
@Override
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
this.doGet(req,resp);
}
}
登录成功servlet：
package cn.itcast.web.servlet;
import cn.itcast.domain.User;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
@WebServlet("/successServlet")
public class SuccessServlet extends HttpServlet {
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
//获取request域中共享的user对象
User user = (User) request.getAttribute("user");
if(user != null){
//给页面写一句话
//设置编码
response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
//输出
response.getWriter().write("登录成功！"+user.getUsername()+",欢迎您");
}
}
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
this.doPost(request,response);
}
}
登录失败servlet：
package cn.itcast.web.servlet;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
@WebServlet("/failServlet")
public class FailServlet extends HttpServlet {
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
//给页面写一句话
//设置编码
response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
//输出
response.getWriter().write("登录失败，用户名或密码错误");
}
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
this.doPost(request,response);
}
}
最后启动项目，在浏览器访问localhost/day14_test/login.html进行登录即可，若出现意料以外的小问题，试试清空浏览器的缓存。
跳转成功！
