keepalived实现haproxy负载均衡高可用

keepalived实现haproxy负载均衡高可用

环境说明

主机名	ip地址	服务	系统信息
master	192.168.174.170	haproxy keepalived	centos8
backup	192.168.174.175	haproxy keepalived	centos8
RS1	192.168.174.177	httpd	nginx
RS2	192.168.174.178	nginx	centos8

vip：192.168.111.250

首先部署好web界面

RS1

//配置yum源
[root@RS1 ~]# curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-vault-8.5.2111.repo
[root@RS1 ~]# sed -i -e '/mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/d' -e '/mirrors.aliyuncs.com/d' /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo

//关闭防火墙和selinux
[root@RS1 ~]# setenforce 0
[root@RS1 ~]# sed -ri 's/^(SELINUX=).*/\1disabled/g' /etc/selinux/config
[root@RS1 ~]# systemctl disable --now firewalld.service  

//安装httpd服务，主页内容为web1	
[root@RS1 ~]# dnf -y install httpd
[root@RS1 ~]# echo "web1" > /var/www/html/index.html
[root@RS1 ~]# systemctl enable --now httpd.service 
[root@RS1 ~]# ss -anlt
State      Recv-Q     Send-Q          Local Address:Port           Peer Address:Port     Process     
LISTEN     0          128                   0.0.0.0:22                  0.0.0.0:*                    
LISTEN     0          128                         *:80                        *:*                    
LISTEN     0          128                      [::]:22                     [::]:*                    
[root@RS1 ~]# curl 192.168.174.177
web1

RS2

//配置yum源
[root@RS2 ~]# curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-vault-8.5.2111.repo
[root@RS2 ~]# sed -i -e '/mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/d' -e '/mirrors.aliyuncs.com/d' /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo
 
//关闭防火墙和selinux
[root@RS2 ~]# setenforce 0
[root@RS2 ~]# sed -ri 's/^(SELINUX=).*/\1disabled/g' /etc/selinux/config
[root@RS2 ~]# systemctl disable --now firewalld.service  

//安装nginx服务，主页内容为web2
[root@RS2 ~]# dnf -y install nginx
[root@RS2 ~]# echo "web2" > /usr/share/nginx/html/index.html 
[root@RS2 ~]# systemctl enable --now nginx.service 
[root@RS2 ~]# ss -anlt
State      Recv-Q     Send-Q          Local Address:Port           Peer Address:Port     Process     
LISTEN     0          128                   0.0.0.0:80                  0.0.0.0:*                    
LISTEN     0          128                   0.0.0.0:22                  0.0.0.0:*                    
LISTEN     0          128                      [::]:80                     [::]:*                    
LISTEN     0          128                      [::]:22                     [::]:*                    
[root@RS2 ~]# curl 192.168.174.178
web2

部署haproxy负载均衡

master端

//关闭防火墙和selinux
[root@master ~]# setenforce 0
[root@master ~]# sed -ri 's/^(SELINUX=).*/\1disabled/g' /etc/selinux/config
[root@master ~]# systemctl disable --now firewalld.service  

//创建用户
[root@master ~]# useradd -rMs /sbin/nologin haproxy

	
//下载依赖包
[root@master ~]# dnf -y install make gcc pcre-devel bzip2-devel openssl-devel systemd-devel wget vim

//下载haproxy压缩包
[root@master ~]# wget https://src.fedoraproject.org/repo/pkgs/haproxy/haproxy-2.6.0.tar.gz/sha512/7bb70bfb5606bbdac61d712bc510c5e8d5a5126ed8827d699b14a2f4562b3bd57f8f21344d955041cee0812c661350cca8082078afe2f277ff1399e461ddb7bb/haproxy-2.6.0.tar.gz

//解压并安装
[root@master ~]# tar -xf haproxy-2.6.0.tar.gz
[root@master ~]# cd haproxy-2.6.0
[root@master haproxy-2.6.0]#  make -j $(grep 'processor' /proc/cpuinfo |wc -l)  \
> TARGET=linux-glibc  \
> USE_OPENSSL=1  \
> USE_ZLIB=1  \
> USE_PCRE=1  \
> USE_SYSTEMD=1
 
[root@master haproxy-2.6.0]#  make install PREFIX=/usr/local/haproxy

//复制命令到/usr/sbin目录下
[root@master haproxy-2.6.0]# cp haproxy /usr/sbin/

//修改内核参数
	
[root@master ~]# vim /etc/sysctl.conf
net.ipv4.ip_nonlocal_bind = 1
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1
 
[root@master ~]# sysctl -p
net.ipv4.ip_nonlocal_bind = 1
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1

//修改配置文件
[root@master ~]# mkdir /etc/haproxy
[root@master ~]# vim /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg
global
    daemon
    maxconn 256
 
defaults
    mode http
    timeout connect 5000ms
    timeout client 50000ms
    timeout server 50000ms
 
frontend http-in
    bind *:80
    default_backend servers
 
backend servers
    server web01 192.168.174.177:80
    server web02 192.168.174.178:80

//编写service文件，并启动服务
[root@master ~]# vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/haproxy.service
[Unit]
Description=HAProxy Load Balancer
After=syslog.target network.target
 
[Service]
ExecStartPre=/usr/local/haproxy/sbin/haproxy -f /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg   -c -q
ExecStart=/usr/local/haproxy/sbin/haproxy -Ws -f /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg  -p /var/run/haproxy.pid
ExecReload=/bin/kill -USR2 $MAINPID
 
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

//重启haproxy服务
[root@master ~]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@master ~]# systemctl start haproxy.service 
[root@master ~]# ss -anlt
State      Recv-Q     Send-Q          Local Address:Port           Peer Address:Port     Process     
LISTEN     0          128                   0.0.0.0:22                  0.0.0.0:*                    
LISTEN     0          128                   0.0.0.0:80                  0.0.0.0:*                    
LISTEN     0          128                      [::]:22                     [::]:*       

//查看负载均衡效果
[root@master ~]# curl 192.168.174.170
web1
[root@master ~]# curl 192.168.174.170
web2
[root@master ~]# curl 192.168.174.170
web1
[root@master ~]# curl 192.168.174.170
web2

backup端

//关闭防火墙和selinux
[root@backup ~]# setenforce 0
[root@backup ~]# sed -ri 's/^(SELINUX=).*/\1disabled/g' /etc/selinux/config
[root@backup ~]# systemctl disable --now firewalld.service  
[root@backup ~]# dnf -y install nginx

//创建用户
[root@backup ~]# useradd -rMs /sbin/nologin haproxy
 
//下载依赖包
[root@backup ~]# dnf -y install make gcc pcre-devel bzip2-devel openssl-devel systemd-devel wget vim
 
//下载haproxy压缩包
[root@backup ~]# wget https://src.fedoraproject.org/repo/pkgs/haproxy/haproxy-2.6.0.tar.gz/sha512/7bb70bfb5606bbdac61d712bc510c5e8d5a5126ed8827d699b14a2f4562b3bd57f8f21344d955041cee0812c661350cca8082078afe2f277ff1399e461ddb7bb/haproxy-2.6.0.tar.gz

//解压并安装
[root@backup ~]# tar -xf haproxy-2.6.0.tar.gz
[root@backup ~]# cd haproxy-2.6.0
[root@backup haproxy-2.6.0]# make -j $(grep 'processor' /proc/cpuinfo |wc -l)  \
> TARGET=linux-glibc  \
> USE_OPENSSL=1  \
> USE_ZLIB=1  \
> USE_PCRE=1  \
> USE_SYSTEMD=1
 
[root@backup haproxy-2.6.0]# make install PREFIX=/usr/local/haproxy

//复制命令到/usr/sbin目录下
[root@backup haproxy-2.6.0]# cp haproxy /usr/sbin/

//修改内核参数
[root@backup ~]# vim /etc/sysctl.conf
net.ipv4.ip_nonlocal_bind = 1
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1
 
[root@backup ~]# sysctl -p
net.ipv4.ip_nonlocal_bind = 1
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1

//修改配置文件
[root@backup ~]# mkdir /etc/haproxy
[root@backup ~]# vim /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg
global
    daemon
    maxconn 256
 
defaults
    mode http
    timeout connect 5000ms
    timeout client 50000ms
    timeout server 50000ms
 
frontend http-in
    bind *:80
    default_backend servers
 
backend servers
    server web01 192.168.174.177:80
    server web02 192.168.174.178:80

//编写service文件，并启动服务
[root@backup ~]# vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/haproxy.service
[Unit]
Description=HAProxy Load Balancer
After=syslog.target network.target
 
[Service]
ExecStartPre=/usr/local/haproxy/sbin/haproxy -f /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg   -c -q
ExecStart=/usr/local/haproxy/sbin/haproxy -Ws -f /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg  -p /var/run/haproxy.pid
ExecReload=/bin/kill -USR2 $MAINPID
 
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

[root@backup ~]# systemctl daemon-reload 
[root@backup ~]# systemctl start haproxy.service 
[root@backup ~]# ss -anlt
State      Recv-Q     Send-Q          Local Address:Port           Peer Address:Port     Process     
LISTEN     0          128                   0.0.0.0:80                  0.0.0.0:*                    
LISTEN     0          128                   0.0.0.0:22                  0.0.0.0:*                    
LISTEN     0          128                      [::]:22                     [::]:* 

//查看负载均衡效果
[root@backup ~]# curl 192.168.174.175
web1
[root@backup ~]# curl 192.168.174.175
web2
[root@backup ~]# curl 192.168.174.175
web1
[root@backup ~]# curl 192.168.174.175
web2

//backup端的负载均衡器最好关掉
[root@backup ~]# systemctl stop haproxy.service 

开始部署keepalived高可用

master端配置

//首先安装keepalived
[root@master ~]# dnf -y install keepalived

//编辑配置文件，并启动服务
[root@master ~]# vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
! Configuration File for keepalived
 
global_defs {
   router_id lb01
}
 
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
    state MASTER
    interface eth0
    virtual_router_id 51
    priority 100
    advert_int 1
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass 123456
    }
    virtual_ipaddress {
        192.168.111.250
    }
}
 
virtual_server 192.168.111.250 80 {
    delay_loop 6
    lb_algo rr
    lb_kind DR
    persistence_timeout 50
    protocol TCP
 
    real_server 192.168.174.170 80 {
        weight 1
        TCP_CHECK {
            connect_port 80
            connect_timeout 3
            nb_get_retry 3
            delay_before_retry 3
        }
    }
 
    real_server 192.168.174.175 80 {
        weight 1
        TCP_CHECK {
            connect_port 80
            connect_timeout 3
            nb_get_retry 3
            delay_before_retry 3
        }
    }
}
[root@master ~]# systemctl enable --now keepalived.service 

//通过虚拟ip访问
[root@master ~]# ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:16:3e:4e:5a:f7 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.174.170/24 brd 192.168.174.255 scope global noprefixroute eth0
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet 192.168.111.250/32 scope global eth0
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::216:3eff:fe4e:5af7/64 scope link 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

[root@master ~]# curl 192.168.111.250
web1
[root@master ~]# curl 192.168.111.250
web2
[root@master ~]# curl 192.168.111.250
web1
[root@master ~]# curl 192.168.111.250
web2

backup端

//首先安装keepalived
[root@backup ~]# dnf -y install keepalived

//编辑配置文件，并启动服务
[root@backup ~]#  vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
! Configuration File for keepalived
 
global_defs {
   router_id lb02
}
 
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
    state BACKUP
    interface eth0
    virtual_router_id 51
    priority 90
    advert_int 1
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass 123456
    }
    virtual_ipaddress {
        192.168.111.250
    }
}
 
virtual_server 192.168.111.250 80 {
    delay_loop 6
    lb_algo rr
    lb_kind DR
    persistence_timeout 50
    protocol TCP
 
    real_server 192.168.174.170 80 {
        weight 1
        TCP_CHECK {
            connect_port 80
            connect_timeout 3
            nb_get_retry 3
            delay_before_retry 3
        }
    }
 
    real_server 192.168.174.175 80 {
        weight 1
        TCP_CHECK {
            connect_port 80
            connect_timeout 3
            nb_get_retry 3
            delay_before_retry 3
        }
    }
}
[root@backup ~]# systemctl enable --now keepalived.service 

编写脚本
master端

[root@master ~]# mkdir /scripts
[root@master ~]# cd /scripts/
[root@master scripts]# vim check_haproxy.sh
#!/bin/bash
haproxy_status=$(ps -ef|grep -Ev "grep|$0"|grep '\bhaproxy\b'|wc -l)
if [ $haproxy_status -lt 1 ];then
    systemctl stop keepalived
fi

[root@master scripts]# vim notify.sh
#!/bin/bash
VIP=$2
case "$1" in
  master)
        haproxy_status=$(ps -ef|grep -Ev "grep|$0"|grep '\bhaproxy\b'|wc -l)
        if [ $haproxy_status -lt 1 ];then
            systemctl start haproxy
        fi
  ;;
  backup)
        haproxy_status=$(ps -ef|grep -Ev "grep|$0"|grep '\bhaproxy\b'|wc -l)
        if [ $haproxy_status -gt 0 ];then
            systemctl stop haproxy

[root@master scripts]# chmod +x check_haproxy.sh notify.sh 

backup端

[root@backup ~]# mkdir /scripts
[root@backup ~]# cd /scripts/
[root@backup scripts]# scp [email protected]:/scripts/* .
[root@backup scripts]# ll
total 8
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 148 Oct  9 12:03 check_haproxy.sh
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 377 Oct  9 12:03 notify.sh

配置keepalived加入监控脚本的配置
master端

[root@master ~]# vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
! Configuration File for keepalived
 
global_defs {
   router_id lb01
}

vrrp_script haproxy_check {		          //添加此处内容
    script "/scripts/check_haproxy.sh"
    interval 1
    weight -20
}
 
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
    state MASTER
    interface eth0
    virtual_router_id 51
    priority 100
    advert_int 1
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass 123456
    }
    virtual_ipaddress {
        192.168.111.250
    }
    track_script {             //添加此处内容
        haproxy_check
    }
    notify_master "/scripts/notify.sh master 192.168.111.250"	
    notify_backup "/scripts/notify.sh backup 192.168.111.250"
}
 
virtual_server 192.168.111.250 80 {
    delay_loop 6
    lb_algo rr
    lb_kind DR
    persistence_timeout 50
    protocol TCP
 
    real_server 192.168.174.170 80 {
        weight 1
        TCP_CHECK {
            connect_port 80
            connect_timeout 3
            nb_get_retry 3
            delay_before_retry 3
        }
    }
 
    real_server 192.168.174.175 80 {
        weight 1
        TCP_CHECK {
            connect_port 80
            connect_timeout 3
            nb_get_retry 3
            delay_before_retry 3
        }
    }
}

backup端
backup无需检测nginx是否正常，当升级为MASTER时启动nginx，当降级为BACKUP时关闭

[root@backup ~]# vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
[root@backup ~]# cat /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
! Configuration File for keepalived
 
global_defs {
   router_id lb02
}
 
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
    state BACKUP
    interface eth0
    virtual_router_id 51
    priority 90
    advert_int 1
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass 123456
    }
    virtual_ipaddress {
        192.168.111.250
    }
    notify_master "/scripts/notify.sh master 192.168.111.250"   //只添加此处内容
    notify_backup "/scripts/notify.sh backup 192.168.111.250"
}
 
virtual_server 192.168.111.250 80 {
    delay_loop 6
    lb_algo rr
    lb_kind DR
    persistence_timeout 50
    protocol TCP
 
    real_server 192.168.174.170 80 {
        weight 1
        TCP_CHECK {
            connect_port 80
            connect_timeout 3
            nb_get_retry 3
            delay_before_retry 3
        }
    }
 
    real_server 192.168.174.175 80 {
        weight 1
        TCP_CHECK {
            connect_port 80
            connect_timeout 3
            nb_get_retry 3
            delay_before_retry 3
        }
    }
}

测试，模拟haproxy服务故障

master端
[root@master ~]# curl 192.168.111.250
web1
[root@master ~]# curl 192.168.111.250
web2
[root@master ~]# curl 192.168.111.250
web1
[root@master ~]# curl 192.168.111.250
web2
[root@master ~]# ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:16:3e:4e:5a:f7 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.174.170/24 brd 192.168.174.255 scope global noprefixroute eth0
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet 192.168.111.250/32 scope global eth0
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::216:3eff:fe4e:5af7/64 scope link 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
[root@master ~]# systemctl stop haproxy.service 
[root@master ~]# systemctl stop haproxy.service 
[root@master ~]# ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:16:3e:4e:5a:f7 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.174.170/24 brd 192.168.174.255 scope global noprefixroute eth0
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::216:3eff:fe4e:5af7/64 scope link 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

//backup端
[root@backup ~]# ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:0c:29:6a:c4:f8 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.174.175/24 brd 192.168.174.255 scope global dynamic noprefixroute ens33
       valid_lft 1016sec preferred_lft 1016sec
    inet 192.168.111.250/32 scope global ens33
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe6a:c4f8/64 scope link noprefixroute 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
web1
[root@backup ~]# curl 192.168.111.250
web2
[root@backup ~]# curl 192.168.111.250
web1
[root@backup ~]# curl 192.168.111.250
web2