Flutter路由框架Fluro使用教程详细讲解

1.Navigator使用简介

使用Flutter 的Navigator 导航器可以实现页面的跳转,Navigator的使用方法简单介绍一下:

页面跳转:

	Navigator.push(
      context,
      MaterialPageRoute(
        builder: (BuildContext context) => const MyHomePage(),
      ),
    );

页面跳转的同时关闭当前页面(页面替换):

	Navigator.pushReplacement(
      context,
      MaterialPageRoute(
        builder: (BuildContext context) => const MyHomePage(),
      ),
    );

页面跳转的同时关闭到之前的某一个页面:

	Navigator.pushAndRemoveUntil(
      context,
      MaterialPageRoute(
        builder: (BuildContext context) => const MyHomePage(),
      ), 
      (route) => false // ModalRoute.withName('/')
    );

也可以直接使用路由名称进行上面操作,例如跳转:Navigator.pushNamed(context, '/home');路由名称需要提前在MaterialApp中定义好。

	MaterialApp(
      title: 'Flutter Demo',
      home: MyHomePage(),
      routes: {
        "/page1": (context) => PageA(),
        "/page2": (context) => PageB(),
      },
    );

接收参数:var args = ModalRoute.of(context).settings.arguments;

页面返回

Navigator.pop(context);

接收页面的返回值:

	Navigator.push(
      context,
      MaterialPageRoute(
        builder: (BuildContext context) => const MyHomePage(),
      ),
    ).then((dynamic result) {
      // 页面返回result
    });

必须同时配合Navigator.pop(context, result);

还有路由删除removeRoute,路由替换replace等。

2.fluro

直接使用Navigator的主要问题是不易维护。如果某个页面的传参发生了变化,那么所有跳转处都需要做修改。

所以我们可以使用现有封装好的路由框架来替我们解决这些问题。比如fluro。

1.配置

添加依赖至pubspec.yaml

dependencies:
	fluro: ^2.0.3

定义唯一一个FluroRouter对象:

static final FluroRouter router = FluroRouter();

剩下的就是添加路由处理器Handler,下面代码举例添加了两个页面:

class Routes {
  static String home = '/home';
  static String webViewPage = '/webView';
  static final List _listRouter = [];
  static final FluroRouter router = FluroRouter();
  static void initRoutes() {
    /// 指定路由跳转错误返回页
    router.notFoundHandler = Handler(
      handlerFunc: (BuildContext? context, Map> params) {
        debugPrint('未找到目标页');
        return const NotFoundPage();
      });
    router.define(home, handler: Handler(
      handlerFunc: (BuildContext? context, Map> params) => const Home()));
    // Routes.router.navigateTo(context, '${Routes.webViewPage}?title=标题&url=地址');
    router.define(webViewPage, handler: Handler(handlerFunc: (_, params) {
      /// 接收参数
      final String title = params['title']?.first ?? '';
      final String url = params['url']?.first ?? '';
      return WebViewPage(title: title, url: url);
    }));
  }
}

配置fluro:

	MaterialApp(
      onGenerateRoute: Routes.router.generator,
    );

初始化:

class MyApp extends StatelessWidget {
  MyApp() {
    Routes.initRoutes();
  }
  ...
}

2.使用方法

核心就一个方法navigateTo,源码如下:

  Future navigateTo(BuildContext context, String path,
      {bool replace = false,
      bool clearStack = false,
      bool maintainState = true,
      bool rootNavigator = false,
      TransitionType? transition,
      Duration? transitionDuration,
      RouteTransitionsBuilder? transitionBuilder,
      RouteSettings? routeSettings}) {
    RouteMatch routeMatch = matchRoute(context, path,
        transitionType: transition,
        transitionsBuilder: transitionBuilder,
        transitionDuration: transitionDuration,
        maintainState: maintainState,
        routeSettings: routeSettings);
    Route? route = routeMatch.route;
    Completer completer = Completer();
    Future future = completer.future;
    if (routeMatch.matchType == RouteMatchType.nonVisual) {
      completer.complete("Non visual route type.");
    } else {
      ///找不到时走`notFoundHandler`
      if (route == null && notFoundHandler != null) {
        route = _notFoundRoute(context, path, maintainState: maintainState);
      }
      if (route != null) {
        final navigator = Navigator.of(context, rootNavigator: rootNavigator);
        if (clearStack) {
          future = navigator.pushAndRemoveUntil(route, (check) => false);
        } else {
          future = replace
              ? navigator.pushReplacement(route)
              : navigator.push(route);
        }
        completer.complete();
      } else {
        final error = "No registered route was found to handle '$path'.";
        print(error);
        completer.completeError(RouteNotFoundException(error, path));
      }
    }
    return future;
  }
  • path:路由名称。
  • replace:等同于pushReplacement
  • clearStack:等同于pushAndRemoveUntil
  • transition:页面跳转动画,默认native,平台默认动画。
  • transitionDuration:动画时长。
  • transitionBuilder:自定义动画。
  • routeSettings:用于传递数据。可使用context.settings.arguments获取。

具体的使用见项目routers目录。

3.路由拦截

路由拦截可以实现权限控制。比如用户没有登录,当进入某些需要登录后才能显示的页面时,可以拦截跳转进行判断,引导用户进入登录页。

MaterialApp有 onGenerateRoute方法可以在跳转时进行路由拦截。但是使用的fluro将这一属性占用了,所以我们可以继承 FluroRouter 类,重写navigateTo方法实现。

class MyFluroRouter extends FluroRouter {
  List _loginList;
  set loginList(value) => _loginList = value;
  @override
  Future navigateTo(
    BuildContext context,
    String path, {
    bool replace = false,
    bool clearStack = false,
    bool maintainState = true,
    bool rootNavigator = false,
    TransitionType transition,
    Duration transitionDuration,
    transitionBuilder,
    RouteSettings routeSettings,
  }) {
    String pathToNavigate = path;
    AppRouteMatch routeMatched = this.match(path);
    String routePathMatched = routeMatched?.route?.route;
    if (routePathMatched != null) {
      //如果页面需要登录,修改路由路径到登录页面
      if (_loginList != null && !_loginList.contains(routePathMatched)) {
        pathToNavigate = '/login‘;
      }
    }
    return super.navigateTo(context, pathToNavigate,
        replace: replace,
        clearStack: clearStack,
        maintainState: maintainState,
        rootNavigator: rootNavigator,
        transition: transition,
        transitionDuration: transitionDuration,
        transitionBuilder: transitionBuilder,
        routeSettings: routeSettings);
  }
}

3.封装

fluro工具类:

class NavigatorUtils {
  static void push(BuildContext context, String path,
      {bool replace = false, bool clearStack = false, Object? arguments}) {
    unfocus();
    Routes.router.navigateTo(context, path,
      replace: replace,
      clearStack: clearStack,
      transition: TransitionType.native,
      routeSettings: RouteSettings(
        arguments: arguments,
      ),
    );
  }
  static void pushResult(BuildContext context, String path, Function(Object) function,
      {bool replace = false, bool clearStack = false, Object? arguments}) {
    unfocus();
    Routes.router.navigateTo(context, path,
      replace: replace,
      clearStack: clearStack,
      transition: TransitionType.native,
      routeSettings: RouteSettings(
        arguments: arguments,
      ),
    ).then((Object? result) {
      // 页面返回result为null
      if (result == null) {
        return;
      }
      function(result);
    }).catchError((dynamic error) {
      debugPrint('$error');
    });
  }
  /// 返回
  static void goBack(BuildContext context) {
    unfocus();
    Navigator.pop(context);
  }
  /// 带参数返回
  static void goBackWithParams(BuildContext context, Object result) {
    unfocus();
    Navigator.pop(context, result);
  }
  static void unfocus() {
    FocusManager.instance.primaryFocus?.unfocus();
  }
} 
  
 

模块管理:

import 'package:fluro/fluro.dart';
abstract class IRouterProvider {
  void initRouter(FluroRouter router);
}

实现接口:

class LoginRouter implements IRouterProvider{
  static String loginPage = '/login';
  static String registerPage = '/login/register';
  @override
  void initRouter(FluroRouter router) {
    router.define(loginPage, handler: Handler(handlerFunc: (_, __) => const LoginPage()));
    router.define(registerPage, handler: Handler(handlerFunc: (_, __) => const RegisterPage()));
  }
}

各模块初始化,放在Routes的initRoutes中:

    /// 各自路由由各自模块管理,统一在此添加初始化
    _listRouter.add(LoginRouter());
  	...
    /// 初始化路由
    void initRouter(IRouterProvider routerProvider) {
      routerProvider.initRouter(router);
    }
    _listRouter.forEach(initRouter);

目前Flutter团队有维护一款路由框架go_router(支持Navigator 2.0),但目前有部分功能缺失,比如不支持接收页面的返回值,没有pushAndRemoveUntil方法。

期待后面功能的完善。但就目前来说,对于Android 和iOS平台开发来说fluro的功能足够使用了。

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