7、JsonCpp简单使用(3)

1、相关概念总结

(1)解析json的方法

Json::Value json;     //表示一个json格式的对象

Json::Reader reader;  //json解析

reader.parse(json_buf/*json格式的字符串*/,json,false);  //解析出json放到json

    jsoncpp库中的Reader类用来将字串或者流载入解析器。后期可以用Reader里面的解析方法把Json字串解码为C++认识的数据。可以用 Json::Reader来声明一个Reader实例。Reader中最常用的就是一个parse方法,该方法用来将载入的json字串解析为C++格式的数据。

(2) 数组访问

Json::Value //格式如下

[["key1":value1],["key2":value2]]

Json::Value::const_iterator iter;  //迭代器

for(iter = input.begin(); iter != input.end(); iter++)

Json::Value::Members member=(*iter).getMemberNames();

*(member.begin());          // 输出 key1,key2

(*iter)[*(member.begin())];     //输出 value1,value2

    Value类是库中的核心类,用于存储各样格式的数据,可以包括int,double,short,char *,string,bool,object,array等几乎所有格式的数据。该库的编码和解码的核心功能都是用Value类实现的。就用以上的 Readerparse方法来说,需要传入一个Value类别的引用值,就是用来存储Json数据的根值,并且可以用这个根值来存取其他的所有值。

(3) 对象访问

直接用 value["key"]即可

(4) 输出json格式串

    调用 Json::FastWriterwriter

    writer是该库的一个虚类,没有真正的实现encode的功能。需要重载里头的方法来实现真正的encode功能。FastWriter是该库中真正实现encode功能的类,用来实现将Value编码称为Json串。Json::StyledWriter 是格式化后的json

    不支持utf-8格式的输出,需要自己调用writer之后,用iconv转化成utf-8字符串

2、示例代码

1)示例代码1

View Code
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include <iostream>
#include "json/json.h"
using namespace std;

typedef struct piece
{
string letter;
string wild;
}piece;

string encode_msg(string token,int game_id,vector<piece> piece_array)
{
//Json::Value root;
Json::Value var;
//apply “token” and “game_id” value to json struct
var["token"] = token;
var["game_id"] = game_id;

Json::Value pieces;//store all pieces
for (int i=0;i < piece_array.size();i++)
{
Json::Value piece_ex;//here it store just one piece
//next 4 lines to apply piece value to json struct
piece_ex["letter"] = piece_array[i].letter;
piece_ex["wild"] = piece_array[i].wild;
//ok,yes we just have apply One piece ,then push back to the array
pieces.append(piece_ex);
}
var["piece_array"] = pieces;//yes,store pieces in var [Value]
//root.append(var);

Json::FastWriter writer;
return writer.write(var);//generate json string:),here all is done
}
int main()
{
piece one, two;
one.letter = "1";
one.wild = "ont";
two.letter = "2";
two.wild = "two";
vector<piece> myp;
myp.push_back(one);
myp.push_back(two);
string ret = encode_msg("mytoken", 123, myp);
cout << ret << endl;
return 1;
}

 

View Code
{"game_id":123,"piece_array":[{"letter":"1","wild":"ont"},{"letter":"2","wild":"two"}],"token":"mytoken"}

结果显示

可以看到,直接用wirter输出的json为非格式化的数据,而通过root.toStyledString()后,代码就是格式化的。

2)示例3,来源于官网

View Code
// Configuration options
{
// Default encoding for text
"encoding" : "UTF-8",

// Plug-ins loaded at start-up
"plug-ins" : [
"python",
"c++",
"ruby"
],

// Tab indent size
"indent" : { "length" : 3, "use_space": true }
}

 

View Code
Json::Value root;   // will contains the root value after parsing.
Json::Reader reader;
bool parsingSuccessful = reader.parse( config_doc, root );
if ( !parsingSuccessful )
{
// report to the user the failure and their locations in the document.
std::cout << "Failed to parse configuration\n"
<< reader.getFormattedErrorMessages();
return;
}

// Get the value of the member of root named 'encoding', return 'UTF-8' if there is no
// such member.
std::string encoding = root.get("encoding", "UTF-8" ).asString();
// Get the value of the member of root named 'encoding', return a 'null' value if
// there is no such member.
const Json::Value plugins = root["plug-ins"];
for ( int index = 0; index < plugins.size(); ++index ) // Iterates over the sequence elements.
loadPlugIn( plugins[index].asString() );

setIndentLength( root["indent"].get("length", 3).asInt() );
setIndentUseSpace( root["indent"].get("use_space", true).asBool() );

// ...
// At application shutdown to make the new configuration document:
// Since Json::Value has implicit constructor for all value types, it is not
// necessary to explicitly construct the Json::Value object:
root["encoding"] = getCurrentEncoding();
root["indent"]["length"] = getCurrentIndentLength();
root["indent"]["use_space"] = getCurrentIndentUseSpace();

Json::StyledWriter writer;
// Make a new JSON document for the configuration. Preserve original comments.
std::string outputConfig = writer.write( root );

// You can also use streams. This will put the contents of any JSON
// stream at a particular sub-value, if you'd like.
std::cin >> root["subtree"];

// And you can write to a stream, using the StyledWriter automatically.
std::cout << root;

参考

1】 讲解说明

http://hi.baidu.com/%B4%AB%CB%B5%D6%D0%B5%C4%C8%CC%D5%DF%C3%A8/blog/item/a6eb970c98a644d67acbe15a.html

2】 示例,该作者博文不错,涵盖了各个方面

http://hi.baidu.com/s_jqzhang/blog/item/a3c5df1f9408246ff624e4f5.html/cmtid/02e72e4fcb488039aec3ab28

3boost库支持json比较好

http://freedomhui.com/?p=6

3】 对json的类型作了简单的小结,为json-c进行了介绍

http://developer.51cto.com/art/201001/176060.htm

4】 官网

http://jsoncpp.sourceforge.net/index.html

相关的类介绍及使用

http://jsoncpp.sourceforge.net/annotated.html

【5】 其他例子

 http://joysofprogramming.com/json_parser_json-c/

 http://forum.openframeworks.cc/index.php?topic=2833.0

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