入门级别 Nginx 常用配置清单

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Nginx 是一个高性能的 HTTP 和反向代理 web 服务器，同时也提供了 IMAP/POP3/SMTP 服务，其因丰富的功能集、稳定性、示例配置文件和低系统资源的消耗受到了开发者的欢迎。本文，我们总结了一些常用的 Nginx 配置代码，希望对大家有所帮助。
侦听端口

server {
  # Standard HTTP Protocol
  listen 80;
  # Standard HTTPS Protocol
  listen 443 ssl;
  # For http2
  listen 443 ssl http2;
  # Listen on 80 using IPv6
  listen [::]:80;
  # Listen only on using IPv6
  listen [::]:80 ipv6only=on;
}

访问日志

server {
  # Relative or full path to log file
  access_log /path/to/file.log;
  # Turn 'on' or 'off'
  access_log on;
}

域名

server {
  # Listen to yourdomain.com
  server_name yourdomain.com;
  # Listen to multiple domains
  server_name yourdomain.com www.yourdomain.com;
  # Listen to all domains
  server_name *.yourdomain.com;
  # Listen to all top-level domains
  server_name yourdomain.*;
  # Listen to unspecified Hostnames (Listens to IP address itself)
  server_name "";
}

静态资源

server {
 listen 80;
 server_name yourdomain.com;
 location / {
         root /path/to/website;
 } 
}

重定向

server {
 listen 80;
 server_name www.yourdomain.com;
 return 301 http://yourdomain.com$request_uri;
}
server {
 listen 80;
 server_name www.yourdomain.com;
 location /redirect-url {
    return 301 http://otherdomain.com;
 }
}

反向代理

server {
 listen 80;
 server_name yourdomain.com;
 location / {
    proxy_pass http://0.0.0.0:3000;
    # where 0.0.0.0:3000 is your application server (Ex: node.js) bound on 0.0.0.0 listening on port 3000
 }
}

负载均衡

upstream node_js {
 server 0.0.0.0:3000;
 server 0.0.0.0:4000;
 server 123.131.121.122;
}
server {
 listen 80;
 server_name yourdomain.com;
 location / {
    proxy_pass http://node_js;
 }
}

SSL 协议

server {
 listen 443 ssl;
 server_name yourdomain.com;
 ssl on;
 ssl_certificate /path/to/cert.pem;
 ssl_certificate_key /path/to/privatekey.pem;
 ssl_stapling on;
 ssl_stapling_verify on;
 ssl_trusted_certificate /path/to/fullchain.pem;
 ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2;
 ssl_session_timeout 1h;
 ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:50m;
 add_header Strict-Transport-Security max-age=15768000;
}
# Permanent Redirect for HTTP to HTTPS
server {
 listen 80;
 server_name yourdomain.com;
 return 301 https://$host$request_uri;
}