MySQL8.0数据库配置文件my.ini部分中文注释（不全）

my.ini地址在MySQL安装目录，例如我安装在E盘，则：E:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server 8.0\my.ini

因MySQL是默认安装在C盘下的，则my.ini可能在C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server 8.0\my.ini，如果没有，可尝试进入我的电脑，在C盘文件路径出输入%ProgramData%，进入后找到MySQL，MySQL Server 8.0（8.0为安装的版本）；

配置如下：

# Other default tuning values
# MySQL Server Instance Configuration File
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
# Generated by the MySQL Server Instance Configuration Wizard
#
#
# Installation Instructions
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
#
# On Linux you can copy this file to /etc/my.cnf to set global options,
# mysql-data-dir/my.cnf to set server-specific options
# (@localstatedir@ for this installation) or to
# ~/.my.cnf to set user-specific options.
#
# On Windows you should keep this file in the installation directory 
# of your server (e.g. C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server X.Y). To
# make sure the server reads the config file use the startup option 
# "--defaults-file". 
#
# To run the server from the command line, execute this in a 
# command line shell, e.g.
# mysqld --defaults-file="C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server X.Y\my.ini"
#
# To install the server as a Windows service manually, execute this in a 
# command line shell, e.g.
# mysqld --install MySQLXY --defaults-file="C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server X.Y\my.ini"
#
# And then execute this in a command line shell to start the server, e.g.
# net start MySQLXY
#
#
# Guidelines for editing this file
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
#
# In this file, you can use all long options that the program supports.
# If you want to know the options a program supports, start the program
# with the "--help" option.
#
# More detailed information about the individual options can also be
# found in the manual.
#
# For advice on how to change settings please see
# https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/server-configuration-defaults.html
#
#
# CLIENT SECTION
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
#
# The following options will be read by MySQL client applications.
# Note that only client applications shipped by MySQL are guaranteed
# to read this section. If you want your own MySQL client program to
# honor these values, you need to specify it as an option during the
# MySQL client library initialization.
#
[client]

# pipe=

# socket=MYSQL

port=3306       #客户端口号为3306

[mysql]
no-beep

# default-character-set=        #客户端字符集,(控制character_set_client、character_set_connection、character_set_results)

# SERVER SECTION
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
#
# The following options will be read by the MySQL Server. Make sure that
# you have installed the server correctly (see above) so it reads this 
# file.
#
# server_type=3
[mysqld]        #组包括了mysqld服务启动的参数，它涉及的方面很多，其中有MySQL的目录和文件，通信、网络、信息安全，内存管理、优化、查询缓存区，还有MySQL日志设置等。

# The next three options are mutually exclusive to SERVER_PORT below.
# skip-networking        #开启该选项可以彻底关闭MySQL的TCP/IP连接方式，如果Web服务器是以远程连接的方式访问MySQL数据库服务器的，则不要开启该选项，否则无法正常连接！
# enable-named-pipe
# shared-memory

# shared-memory-base-name=MYSQL

# The Pipe the MySQL Server will use
# socket=MYSQL

# The TCP/IP Port the MySQL Server will listen on
port=3306

# Path to installation directory. All paths are usually resolved relative to this.
# basedir="C:/Program Files/MySQL/MySQL Server 8.0/"    #mysql程序所存放路径,常用于存放mysql启动、配置文件、日志等
basedir="E:/Program Files/MySQL/MySQL Server 8.0/"

# Path to the database root
#datadir="C:/ProgramData/MySQL/MySQL Server 8.0/Data"    #MySQL数据存放文件(极其重要)
datadir=E:/Program Files/MySQL/MySQL Server 8.0/data

# The default character set that will be used when a new schema or table is
# created and no character set is defined
# character-set-server=    #数据库和数据库表的默认字符集。(推荐utf8,以免导致乱码)

# The default authentication plugin to be used when connecting to the server
default_authentication_plugin=caching_sha2_password

# The default storage engine that will be used when create new tables when
default-storage-engine=INNODB

# Set the SQL mode to strict
sql-mode="STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION"

# General and Slow logging.
log-output=FILE

general-log=0

general_log_file="ASUS-2021121129.log"

slow-query-log=1

slow_query_log_file="ASUS-2021121129-slow.log"

long_query_time=10    #慢查询的执行用时上限,默认设置是10s,推荐(1s~2s)

# Error Logging.
log-error="ASUS-2021121129.err"    #mysql错误日志存放路径(一般在data文件夹下后缀为.err的文件)及名称(启动出现错误一定要看错误日志,百分之百都能通过错误日志排插解决。)

# ***** Group Replication Related *****
# Specifies the base name to use for binary log files. With binary logging
# enabled, the server logs all statements that change data to the binary
# log, which is used for backup and replication.
log-bin="ASUS-2021121129-bin"    #logbin数据库的操作日志,例如update、delete、create等都会存储到binlog日志,通过logbin可以实现增量恢复

# ***** Group Replication Related *****
# Sets the binary logging format, and can be any one of STATEMENT, ROW,
# or MIXED. ROW is suggested for Group Replication.
# binlog_format

# ***** Group Replication Related *****
# Causes the master to write a checksum for each event in the binary log.
# binlog_checksum supports the values NONE (disabled) and CRC32.
# The default is CRC32. When disabled (value NONE), the server verifies
# that it is writing only complete events to the binary log by writing
# and checking the event length (rather than a checksum) for each event.
# NONE must be used with Group Replication.
# binlog_checksum

# ***** Group Replication Related *****
# The base name for the relay log. The server creates relay log files in
# sequence by adding a numeric suffix to the base name. If you specify this
# option, the value specified is also used as the base name for the relay log
# index file. Relay logs increase speed by using load-balancing between disks.
# relay_log

# ***** Group Replication Related *****
# Specifies the server ID. For servers that are used in a replication topology,
# you must specify a unique server ID for each replication server, in the
# range from 1 to 2^32 ? 1. “Unique” means that each ID must be different
# from every other ID in use by any other replication master or slave.
server-id=1    #表示本机的序列号为1,如果做主从，或者多实例,serverid一定不能相同。

# ***** Group Replication Related *****
# The host name or IP address of the slave to be reported to the master
# during slave registration. This value appears in the output of SHOW SLAVE HOSTS
# on the master server. Leave the value unset if you do not want the slave to
# register itself with the master.
# report_host=0.0

# ***** Group Replication Related *****
# The TCP/IP port number for connecting to the slave, to be reported to the master during
# slave registration. Set this only if the slave is listening on a nondefault port or if
# you have a special tunnel from the master or other clients to the slave.
report_port=3306

# ***** Group Replication Related *****
# This option specifies whether global transaction identifiers (GTIDs) are
# used to identify transactions. ON must be used with Group Replication.
# gtid_mode

# ***** Group Replication Related *****
# When enabled, the server enforces GTID consistency by allowing execution of
# only statements that can be safely logged using a GTID. You must set this
# option to ON before enabling GTID based replication.
# enforce_gtid_consistency

# ***** Group Replication Related *****
# Whether updates received by a slave server from a master server should be
# logged to the slave's own binary log. Binary logging must be enabled on
# the slave for this variable to have any effect. ON must be used with
# Group Replication.
# log_slave_updates

# ***** Group Replication Related *****
# Determines whether the slave server logs master status and connection information
# to an InnoDB table in the mysql database, or to a file in the data directory.
# The TABLE setting is required when multiple replication channels are configured.
# master_info_repository

# ***** Group Replication Related *****
# Determines whether the slave server logs its position in the relay logs to an InnoDB
# table in the mysql database, or to a file in the data directory. The TABLE setting is
# required when multiple replication channels are configured.
# relay_log_info_repository

# ***** Group Replication Related *****
# Defines the algorithm used to hash the writes extracted during a transaction. If you
# are using Group Replication, this variable must be set to XXHASH64 because the process
# of extracting the writes from a transaction is required for conflict detection on all
# group members.
# transaction_write_set_extraction

# NOTE: Modify this value after Server initialization won't take effect.
lower_case_table_names=1    #实现MySQL不区分大小。(发开需求-建议开启)

# Secure File Priv.
secure-file-priv="E:/ProgramData/MySQL/MySQL Server 8.0/Uploads"

# The maximum amount of concurrent sessions the MySQL server will
# allow. One of these connections will be reserved for a user with
# SUPER privileges to allow the administrator to login even if the
# connection limit has been reached.
max_connections=151        #指定MySQL允许的最大连接进程数。如果在访问博客时经常出现 Too Many Connections的错误提示，则需要增大该参数值。

# The number of open tables for all threads. Increasing this value
# increases the number of file descriptors that mysqld requires.
# Therefore you have to make sure to set the amount of open files
# allowed to at least 4096 in the variable "open-files-limit" in
# section [mysqld_safe]
table_open_cache=2000

# Maximum size for internal (in-memory) temporary tables. If a table
# grows larger than this value, it is automatically converted to disk
# based table This limitation is for a single table. There can be many
# of them.
tmp_table_size=20M    #设置内存临时表最大值。如果超过该值，则会将临时表写入磁盘，其范围1KB到4GB。

# How many threads we should keep in a cache for reuse. When a client
# disconnects, the client's threads are put in the cache if there aren't
# more than thread_cache_size threads from before.  This greatly reduces
# the amount of thread creations needed if you have a lot of new
# connections. (Normally this doesn't give a notable performance
# improvement if you have a good thread implementation.)
thread_cache_size=10    #设置Thread Cache池中可以缓存的连接线程最大数量，可设置为0~16384，默认为0.这个值表示可以重新利用保存在缓存中线程的数量，当断开连接时如果缓存中还有空间，那么客户端的线程将被放到缓存中;如果线程重新被请求，那么请求将从缓存中读取,如果缓存中是空的或者是新的请求，那么这个线程将被重新创建，如果有很多线程，增加这个值可以改善系统性能。通过比较Connections和Threads_created状态的变量，可以看到这个变量的作用。我们可以根据物理内存设置规则如下:1GB内存我们配置为8,2GB内存我们配置为16,3GB我们配置为32,4GB或4GB以上我们给此值为64或更大的值。

#*** MyISAM Specific options
# The maximum size of the temporary file MySQL is allowed to use while
# recreating the index (during REPAIR, ALTER TABLE or LOAD DATA INFILE.
# If the file-size would be bigger than this, the index will be created
# through the key cache (which is slower).
myisam_max_sort_file_size=100G    #当重新建索引（REPAIR，ALTER，TABLE，或者LOAD，DATA，TNFILE）时，MySQL被允许使用临时文件的最大值。

# If the temporary file used for fast index creation would be bigger
# than using the key cache by the amount specified here, then prefer the
# key cache method.  This is mainly used to force long character keys in
# large tables to use the slower key cache method to create the index.
myisam_sort_buffer_size=31M    #设置在REPAIR Table或用Create index创建索引或 Alter table的过程中排序索引所分配的缓冲区大小，可设置范围4Bytes至4GB，默认为8MB

# Size of the Key Buffer, used to cache index blocks for MyISAM tables.
# Do not set it larger than 30% of your available memory, as some memory
# is also required by the OS to cache rows. Even if you're not using
# MyISAM tables, you should still set it to 8-64M as it will also be
# used for internal temporary disk tables.
key_buffer_size=8M        #指定用于索引的缓冲区大小，增加它可得到更好的索引处理性能。对于内存在4GB左右的服务器来说，该参数可设置为256MB或384MB。
#注意：如果该参数值设置得过大反而会使服务器的整体效率降低！

# Size of the buffer used for doing full table scans of MyISAM tables.
# Allocated per thread, if a full scan is needed.
read_buffer_size=63K    #读查询操作所能使用的缓冲区大小。和sort_buffer_size一样，该参数对应的分配内存也是每个连接独享。

read_rnd_buffer_size=256K        #设置进行随机读的时候所使用的缓冲区。此参数和read_buffer_size所设置的Buffer相反，一个是顺序读的时候使用，一个是随机读的时候使用。但是两者都是针对与线程的设置，每个线程都可以产生两种Buffer中的任何一个。默认值256KB，最大值4GB。

#*** INNODB Specific options ***
# innodb_data_home_dir=

# Use this option if you have a MySQL server with InnoDB support enabled
# but you do not plan to use it. This will save memory and disk space
# and speed up some things.
# skip-innodb

# If set to 1, InnoDB will flush (fsync) the transaction logs to the
# disk at each commit, which offers full ACID behavior. If you are
# willing to compromise this safety, and you are running small
# transactions, you may set this to 0 or 2 to reduce disk I/O to the
# logs. Value 0 means that the log is only written to the log file and
# the log file flushed to disk approximately once per second. Value 2
# means the log is written to the log file at each commit, but the log
# file is only flushed to disk approximately once per second.
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit=1    #设置为0就等于innodb_log_buffer_size队列满后在统一存储，默认为1，也是最安全的设置。

# The size of the buffer InnoDB uses for buffering log data. As soon as
# it is full, InnoDB will have to flush it to disk. As it is flushed
# once per second anyway, it does not make sense to have it very large
# (even with long transactions).
innodb_log_buffer_size=1M        #默认为1MB，通常设置为8~16MB就足够了。

# InnoDB, unlike MyISAM, uses a buffer pool to cache both indexes and
# row data. The bigger you set this the less disk I/O is needed to
# access data in tables. On a dedicated database server you may set this
# parameter up to 80% of the machine physical memory size. Do not set it
# too large, though, because competition of the physical memory may
# cause paging in the operating system.  Note that on 32bit systems you
# might be limited to 2-3.5G of user level memory per process, so do not
# set it too high.
innodb_buffer_pool_size=8M        #InnoDB使用一个缓冲池来保存索引和原始数据，设置越大，在存取表里面数据时所需要的磁盘I/O越少。强烈建议不要武断地将InnoDB的Buffer Pool值配置为物理内存的50%~80%，应根据具体环境而定。

# Size of each log file in a log group. You should set the combined size
# of log files to about 25%-100% of your buffer pool size to avoid
# unneeded buffer pool flush activity on log file overwrite. However,
# note that a larger logfile size will increase the time needed for the
# recovery process.
innodb_log_file_size=48M    #确定日志文件的大小，更大的设置可以提高性能，但也会增加恢复数据库的时间。

# Number of threads allowed inside the InnoDB kernel. The optimal value
# depends highly on the application, hardware as well as the OS
# scheduler properties. A too high value may lead to thread thrashing.
innodb_thread_concurrency=17    #你的服务器有几个CPU就设置为几，建议用默认设置，一般设为8。

# The increment size (in MB) for extending the size of an auto-extend InnoDB system tablespace file when it becomes full.
innodb_autoextend_increment=64

# The number of regions that the InnoDB buffer pool is divided into.
# For systems with buffer pools in the multi-gigabyte range, dividing the buffer pool into separate instances can improve concurrency,
# by reducing contention as different threads read and write to cached pages.
innodb_buffer_pool_instances=8

# Determines the number of threads that can enter InnoDB concurrently.
innodb_concurrency_tickets=5000

# Specifies how long in milliseconds (ms) a block inserted into the old sublist must stay there after its first access before
# it can be moved to the new sublist.
innodb_old_blocks_time=1000

# It specifies the maximum number of .ibd files that MySQL can keep open at one time. The minimum value is 10.
innodb_open_files=300

# When this variable is enabled, InnoDB updates statistics during metadata statements.
innodb_stats_on_metadata=0

# When innodb_file_per_table is enabled (the default in 5.6.6 and higher), InnoDB stores the data and indexes for each newly created table
# in a separate .ibd file, rather than in the system tablespace.
innodb_file_per_table=1    #InnoDB为独立表空间模式，每个数据库的每个表都会生成一个数据空间。0关闭，1开启。

# Use the following list of values: 0 for crc32, 1 for strict_crc32, 2 for innodb, 3 for strict_innodb, 4 for none, 5 for strict_none.
innodb_checksum_algorithm=0

# The number of outstanding connection requests MySQL can have.
# This option is useful when the main MySQL thread gets many connection requests in a very short time.
# It then takes some time (although very little) for the main thread to check the connection and start a new thread.
# The back_log value indicates how many requests can be stacked during this short time before MySQL momentarily
# stops answering new requests.
# You need to increase this only if you expect a large number of connections in a short period of time.
back_log=80        #back_log参数是值指出在MySQL暂时停止响应新请求之前，短时间内的多少个请求可以被存在堆栈中。如果系统在短时间内有很多连接，则需要增加该参数的值，该参数值指定到来的TCP/IP连接的监听队列的大小。不同的操作系统在这个队列的大小上有自己的限制。如果试图将back_log设置得高于操作系统的限制将是无效的，其默认值为50.对于Linux系统而言，推荐设置为小于512的整数。

# If this is set to a nonzero value, all tables are closed every flush_time seconds to free up resources and
# synchronize unflushed data to disk.
# This option is best used only on systems with minimal resources.
flush_time=0

# The minimum size of the buffer that is used for plain index scans, range index scans, and joins that do not use
# indexes and thus perform full table scans.
join_buffer_size=256K    #联合查询操作所能使用的缓冲区大小，和sort_buffer_size一样，该参数对应的分配内存也是每个连接独享。

# The maximum size of one packet or any generated or intermediate string, or any parameter sent by the
# mysql_stmt_send_long_data() C API function.
max_allowed_packet=4M        #服务器一次能处理最大的查询包的值，也是服务器程序能够处理的最大查询

# If more than this many successive connection requests from a host are interrupted without a successful connection,
# the server blocks that host from performing further connections.
max_connect_errors=100        #设置每个主机的连接请求异常中断的最大次数，当超过该次数，MySQL服务器将禁止host的连接请求，直到MySQL服务器重启或通过flush hosts命令清空此host的相关信息。

# Changes the number of file descriptors available to mysqld.
# You should try increasing the value of this option if mysqld gives you the error "Too many open files".
open_files_limit=4161        #MySQLd能打开文件的最大个数,如果出现too mant openfiles之类的就需要调整该值了。

# If you see many sort_merge_passes per second in SHOW GLOBAL STATUS output, you can consider increasing the
# sort_buffer_size value to speed up ORDER BY or GROUP BY operations that cannot be improved with query optimization
# or improved indexing.
sort_buffer_size=256K        #设置查询排序时所能使用的缓冲区大小，系统默认大小为2MB。
#注意：该参数对应的分配内存是每个连接独占的，如果有100个连接，那么实际分配的总排序缓冲区大小为100 x6=600MB。所以，对于内存在4GB左右的服务器来说，推荐将其设置为6MB~8MB

# The number of table definitions (from .frm files) that can be stored in the definition cache.
# If you use a large number of tables, you can create a large table definition cache to speed up opening of tables.
# The table definition cache takes less space and does not use file descriptors, unlike the normal table cache.
# The minimum and default values are both 400.
table_definition_cache=1400

# Specify the maximum size of a row-based binary log event, in bytes.
# Rows are grouped into events smaller than this size if possible. The value should be a multiple of 256.
binlog_row_event_max_size=8K

# If the value of this variable is greater than 0, a replication slave synchronizes its master.info file to disk.
# (using fdatasync()) after every sync_master_info events.
sync_master_info=10000

# If the value of this variable is greater than 0, the MySQL server synchronizes its relay log to disk.
# (using fdatasync()) after every sync_relay_log writes to the relay log.
sync_relay_log=10000

# If the value of this variable is greater than 0, a replication slave synchronizes its relay-log.info file to disk.
# (using fdatasync()) after every sync_relay_log_info transactions.
sync_relay_log_info=10000

# Load mysql plugins at start."plugin_x ; plugin_y".
# plugin_load

# The TCP/IP Port the MySQL Server X Protocol will listen on.
loose_mysqlx_port=33060

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