基于51单片机门禁系统
基于51单片机、舵机和射频模块实现的刷卡开门系统
舵机模块
1.利用定时中断实现PWN波控制舵机角度控制
舵机的控制一般需要一个20ms左右的时基脉冲，该脉冲的高电平部分一般为0.5ms-2.5ms范围内的角度控制脉冲部分，总间隔为2ms。以180角度伺服为例。
0.5ms-------------------------0度
1.0ms-------------------------45度
1.5ms-------------------------90度
2.0ms-------------------------135度
2.5ms-------------------------180度
2.例如用按键控制舵机旋转至特定角度。
源码：
#include "reg52.h"
#include "math.h"
typedef unsigned char uchar;
typedef unsigned int uint;
sbit KEY1 = P3^4; //按键1
sbit KEY2 = P3^5; //按键2
sbit PWN_OUT = P2^7; //PWN输出口
uint PWN_Value; //定义pwn值
uchar order = 0;
void Delay(uint s); //延时函数声明
uchar flag; //舵机按键标志
/*延时函数*/
void Delay(uint s)
{
uint i;
for(i = 0; i < s; i++);
for(i = 0; i < s; i++);
}
/*定时器初始化*/
void Init_Timer0()
{
TMOD = 0x11;
TH0 = (65536 - 1500) / 256;
TL0 = (65536 - 1500) % 256;
EA = 1;
ET0 = 1;
TR0 = 1;
PT0 = 1;
}
/*主函数*/
void main(void)
{
Delay(6000);
PWN_Value = 1500;
Init_Timer0();
while(1) {
if( (KEY1 == 0) | (KEY2 == 0)) { //按键1或按键2被按下
if(KEY1 == 0) {
flag = 1;
}
if(KEY2 == 0) {
flag = 2;
}
} else {
flag = 0;
}
Delay(20); //延时20ms
}
}
/*中断程序*/
void timer0(void) interrupt 1
{
if(flag == 1) {
PWN_Value = 2100;
}
if(flag == 2) {
PWN_Value = 500;
}
switch(order)
{
case 1: PWN_OUT = 1;
TH0 = (65536 - PWN_Value) >> 8;
TL0 = (uchar)(65536 - PWN_Value);
break;
case 2: PWN_OUT = 0;
TH0 = (65536 - (5000 - PWN_Value)) >> 8;
TL0 = (uchar)(65536 - (5000 - PWN_Value));
break;
case 3:
TH0 = 60536 >> 8;
TL0 = (uchar)60536;
break;
case 4:
TH0 = 60536 >> 8;
TL0 = (uchar)60536;
break;
case 5:
TH0 = 60536 >> 8;
TL0 = (uchar)60536;
order = 0;
break;
default:order = 0;
break;
}
order++;
}
射频模块
详细了解见IC卡扇区解读，这个对你理解IC卡的原理有帮助。
总结
整个系统源码：
main.c
#include "lpcreg.h"
#include "main.h"
#include "mfrc522.h"
typedef unsigned char uchar;
typedef unsigned int uint;
unsigned int PWN_Value; //定义pwn值
unsigned char order = 0;
unsigned char g_ucTempbuf[20];
void delay1(unsigned int z)
{
unsigned int x,y;
for(x=z;x>0;x--)
for(y=110;y>0;y--);
}
void main( )
{
unsigned char status,i;
unsigned char id[4];
delay1(200);
InitializeSystem();
PcdReset();
PcdAntennaOff();
delay1(10);
PcdAntennaOn();
while ( 1 )
{
status = PcdRequest(PICC_REQALL, g_ucTempbuf);//寻卡
if (status != MI_OK)
{
InitializeSystem();
PcdReset();
PcdAntennaOff();
delay1(10);
PcdAntennaOn();
continue;
}
status = PcdAnticoll(g_ucTempbuf);//防冲撞
if (status != MI_OK) {
continue;
}
for(i = 0; i < 4; i++) { //将IC卡序列号存取到id中
id[i] = g_ucTempbuf[i];
}
if((id[0] == 0xBB && id[1] == 0x88 && id[2] == 0x1A && id[3] == 0xD3) ||
(id[0] == 0xB3 && id[1] == 0x44 && id[2] == 0x70 && id[3] == 0x36) ||
(id[0] == 0x15 && id[1] == 0xE2 && id[2] == 0x8E && id[3] == 0x15) ||
(id[0] == 0x2A && id[1] == 0xA9 && id[2] == 0x74 && id[3] == 0x19) ||
(id[0] == 0x52 && id[1] == 0xD4 && id[2] == 0x6C && id[3] == 0xFC) ||
(id[0] == 0xB5 && id[1] == 0x44 && id[2] == 0x90 && id[3] == 0x15) ||
(id[0] == 0x32 && id[1] == 0x9F && id[2] == 0x13 && id[3] == 0x64) ||
(id[0] == 0x85 && id[1] == 0x58 && id[2] == 0x90 && id[3] == 0x15) ||
(id[0] == 0x95 && id[1] == 0x35 && id[2] == 0x7B && id[3] == 0x15)
) {//可以下载手机app：NFC Writer 来读取卡的序列号
doorOpen();
delay1(4000); //等待数秒，可调
servoRet();
}
PcdHalt();
}
}
/
//系统初始化
/
void InitializeSystem()
{
P0M1 = 0x0; P0M2 = 0x0;
P1M1 = 0x0; P1M2 = 0x0;
P3M1 = 0x0; P3M2 = 0xFF;
P0 = 0xFF; P1 = 0xFF; P3 = 0xFF;P2 = 0xFF;
TMOD=0x21; //设T0为方式1，GATE=1；
SCON=0x50;
TH1=0xFa; //波特率为4800bps
TL1=0xFa;
TH0=0;
TL0=0;
TR0=1;
ET0=1; //允许T0中断
TR1=1; //开启定时器
TI=1;
EA=1; //开启总中断
ES = 1;
RI = 1;
}
/*定时器初始化*/
void Init_Timer0()
{
TMOD = 0x11;
TH0 = (65536 - 500) / 256;
TL0 = (65536 - 500) % 256;
EA = 1;
ET0 = 1;
TR0 = 1;
PT0 = 1;
}
/*中断程序*/
void timer0(void) interrupt 1
{
switch(order)
{
case 1: PWN_OUT = 1;
TH0 = (65536 - PWN_Value) >> 8;
TL0 = (uchar)(65536 - PWN_Value);
break;
case 2: PWN_OUT = 0;
TH0 = (65536 - (5000 - PWN_Value)) >> 8;
TL0 = (uchar)(65536 - (5000 - PWN_Value));
break;
case 3:
TH0 = 60536 >> 8;
TL0 = (uchar)60536;
break;
case 4:
TH0 = 60536 >> 8;
TL0 = (uchar)60536;
break;
case 5:
TH0 = 60536 >> 8;
TL0 = (uchar)60536;
order = 0;
break;
default:order = 0;
break;
}
order++;
}
void doorOpen()
{
Init_Timer0();
PWN_Value = 2000;
}
void servoRet()
{
Init_Timer0();
PWN_Value = 500;
}
main.h
//
//端口定义
/
//MFRC500
sbit MF522_NSS =P2^4 ; //RC500片选 SDA
sbit MF522_SCK = P2^5;
sbit MF522_SI = P2^3; //MOSI
sbit MF522_SO = P2^2; //MISO
sbit MF522_RST = P2^1;
//舵机
sbit PWN_OUT = P2^7; //PWN输出口
//函数原型
/
void InitializeSystem();
void Init_Timer0(); //定时器初始化
void doorOpen(); //开门
void servoRet(); //舵机复位
lpcreg.h
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------
REG52.H
Header file for generic 80C52 and 80C32 microcontroller.
Copyright (c) 1988-2001 Keil Elektronik GmbH and Keil Software, Inc.
All rights reserved.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* BYTE Registers */
sfr P0 = 0x80;
sfr P1 = 0x90;
sfr P2 = 0xA0;
sfr P3 = 0xB0;
sfr PSW = 0xD0;
sfr ACC = 0xE0;
sfr B = 0xF0;
sfr SP = 0x81;
sfr DPL = 0x82;
sfr DPH = 0x83;
sfr PCON = 0x87;
sfr PCONA = 0xB5;
sfr TCON = 0x88;
sfr TMOD = 0x89;
sfr TL0 = 0x8A;
sfr TL1 = 0x8B;
sfr TH0 = 0x8C;
sfr TH1 = 0x8D;
sfr IE = 0xA8;
sfr IEN1 = 0xE8;
sfr IP = 0xB8;
sfr SCON = 0x98;
sfr SBUF = 0x99;
/* 8052 Extensions */
sfr T2CON = 0xC8;
sfr RCAP2L = 0xCA;
sfr RCAP2H = 0xCB;
sfr TL2 = 0xCC;
sfr TH2 = 0xCD;
/* LPC */
sfr P0M1 = 0x84;
sfr P0M2 = 0x85;
sfr P1M1 = 0x91;
sfr P1M2 = 0x92;
sfr P3M1 = 0xB1;
sfr P3M2 = 0xB2;
sfr SSTAT = 0xBA;
sfr BRGCON = 0xBD;
sfr BRG0 = 0xBE;
sfr BRG1 = 0xBF;
sfr16 RCAP2LH = 0xCA;
sfr16 T2LH = 0xCC;
sfr16 T1LH = 0x8A;
sfr TAMOD = 0x8F;
sfr I2ADR = 0xDB;
sfr I2CON = 0xD8;
sfr I2DAT = 0xDA;
sfr I2STAT = 0xD9;
sfr WDCON = 0xA7;
sbit SI = I2CON^3;
//sbit SI = I2CON^3;
/* BIT Registers */
/* PSW */
sbit CY = PSW^7;
sbit AC = PSW^6;
sbit F0 = PSW^5;
sbit RS1 = PSW^4;
sbit RS0 = PSW^3;
sbit OV = PSW^2;
sbit P = PSW^0; //8052 only
/* TCON */
sbit TF1 = TCON^7;
sbit TR1 = TCON^6;
sbit TF0 = TCON^5;
sbit TR0 = TCON^4;
sbit IE1 = TCON^3;
sbit IT1 = TCON^2;
sbit IE0 = TCON^1;
sbit IT0 = TCON^0;
/* IE */
sbit EA = IE^7;
sbit ET2 = IE^5; //8052 only
sbit ES = IE^4;
sbit ET1 = IE^3;
sbit EX1 = IE^2;
sbit ET0 = IE^1;
sbit EX0 = IE^0;
/* IP */
sbit PT2 = IP^5;
sbit PS = IP^4;
sbit PT1 = IP^3;
sbit PX1 = IP^2;
sbit PT0 = IP^1;
sbit PX0 = IP^0;
/* P3 */
sbit RD = P3^7;
sbit WR = P3^6;
sbit T1 = P3^5;
sbit T0 = P3^4;
sbit INT1 = P3^3;
sbit INT0 = P3^2;
sbit TXD = P3^1;
sbit RXD = P3^0;
/* SCON */
sbit SM0 = SCON^7;
sbit SM1 = SCON^6;
sbit SM2 = SCON^5;
sbit REN = SCON^4;
sbit TB8 = SCON^3;
sbit RB8 = SCON^2;
sbit TI = SCON^1;
sbit RI = SCON^0;
/* P1 */
sbit T2EX = P1^1; // 8052 only
sbit T2 = P1^0; // 8052 only
/* T2CON */
sbit TF2 = T2CON^7;
sbit EXF2 = T2CON^6;
sbit RCLK = T2CON^5;
sbit TCLK = T2CON^4;
sbit EXEN2 = T2CON^3;
sbit TR2 = T2CON^2;
sbit C_T2 = T2CON^1;
sbit CP_RL2 = T2CON^0;
mfrc522.h
/
//函数原型
/
char PcdReset(void);
void PcdAntennaOn(void);
void PcdAntennaOff(void);
char PcdRequest(unsigned char req_code,unsigned char *pTagType);
char PcdAnticoll(unsigned char *pSnr);
char PcdHalt(void);
char PcdComMF522(unsigned char Command,
unsigned char *pInData,
unsigned char InLenByte,
unsigned char *pOutData,
unsigned int *pOutLenBit);
void CalulateCRC(unsigned char *pIndata,unsigned char len,unsigned char *pOutData);
void WriteRawRC(unsigned char Address,unsigned char value);
unsigned char ReadRawRC(unsigned char Address);
void SetBitMask(unsigned char reg,unsigned char mask);
void ClearBitMask(unsigned char reg,unsigned char mask);
/
//MF522命令字
/
#define PCD_IDLE 0x00 //取消当前命令
#define PCD_AUTHENT 0x0E //验证密钥
#define PCD_RECEIVE 0x08 //接收数据
#define PCD_TRANSMIT 0x04 //发送数据
#define PCD_TRANSCEIVE 0x0C //发送并接收数据
#define PCD_RESETPHASE 0x0F //复位
#define PCD_CALCCRC 0x03 //CRC计算
/
//Mifare_One卡片命令字
/
#define PICC_REQIDL 0x26 //寻天线区内未进入休眠状态
#define PICC_REQALL 0x52 //寻天线区内全部卡
#define PICC_ANTICOLL1 0x93 //防冲撞
#define PICC_ANTICOLL2 0x95 //防冲撞
#define PICC_AUTHENT1A 0x60 //验证A密钥
#define PICC_AUTHENT1B 0x61 //验证B密钥
#define PICC_READ 0x30 //读块
#define PICC_WRITE 0xA0 //写块
#define PICC_DECREMENT 0xC0 //扣款
#define PICC_INCREMENT 0xC1 //充值
#define PICC_RESTORE 0xC2 //调块数据到缓冲区
#define PICC_TRANSFER 0xB0 //保存缓冲区中数据
#define PICC_HALT 0x50 //休眠
/
//MF522 FIFO长度定义
/
#define DEF_FIFO_LENGTH 64 //FIFO size=64byte
/
//MF522寄存器定义
/
// PAGE 0
#define RFU00 0x00
#define CommandReg 0x01
#define ComIEnReg 0x02
#define DivlEnReg 0x03
#define ComIrqReg 0x04
#define DivIrqReg 0x05
#define ErrorReg 0x06
#define Status1Reg 0x07
#define Status2Reg 0x08
#define FIFODataReg 0x09
#define FIFOLevelReg 0x0A
#define WaterLevelReg 0x0B
#define ControlReg 0x0C
#define BitFramingReg 0x0D
#define CollReg 0x0E
#define RFU0F 0x0F
// PAGE 1
#define RFU10 0x10
#define ModeReg 0x11
#define TxModeReg 0x12
#define RxModeReg 0x13
#define TxControlReg 0x14
#define TxAutoReg 0x15
#define TxSelReg 0x16
#define RxSelReg 0x17
#define RxThresholdReg 0x18
#define DemodReg 0x19
#define RFU1A 0x1A
#define RFU1B 0x1B
#define MifareReg 0x1C
#define RFU1D 0x1D
#define RFU1E 0x1E
#define SerialSpeedReg 0x1F
// PAGE 2
#define RFU20 0x20
#define CRCResultRegM 0x21
#define CRCResultRegL 0x22
#define RFU23 0x23
#define ModWidthReg 0x24
#define RFU25 0x25
#define RFCfgReg 0x26
#define GsNReg 0x27
#define CWGsCfgReg 0x28
#define ModGsCfgReg 0x29
#define TModeReg 0x2A
#define TPrescalerReg 0x2B
#define TReloadRegH 0x2C
#define TReloadRegL 0x2D
#define TCounterValueRegH 0x2E
#define TCounterValueRegL 0x2F
// PAGE 3
#define RFU30 0x30
#define TestSel1Reg 0x31
#define TestSel2Reg 0x32
#define TestPinEnReg 0x33
#define TestPinValueReg 0x34
#define TestBusReg 0x35
#define AutoTestReg 0x36
#define VersionReg 0x37
#define AnalogTestReg 0x38
#define TestDAC1Reg 0x39
#define TestDAC2Reg 0x3A
#define TestADCReg 0x3B
#define RFU3C 0x3C
#define RFU3D 0x3D
#define RFU3E 0x3E
#define RFU3F 0x3F
/
//和MF522通讯时返回的错误代码
/
#define MI_OK 0
#define MI_NOTAGERR (-1)
#define MI_ERR (-2)
rc522.c
#include