Win10+CMake+MinGW+VSCode配置OpenCV环境
安装环境：Win10+CMake 3.22.2+TDM-GCC-64
一、下载源代码
从OpenCV主页的链接（Release）上下载对应的Sources文件
这次下载的是OpenCV 3.4.16
二、下载安装CMake和MinGW
由于MinGW的代码托管在sourceforge上，而对应的Install.exe因为网络原因无法下载。
这次使用采用的是TDM-GCC-64
注意：这里的MinGW是64位的，且安装目录需没有空格。
三、利用CMake对OpenCV源代码进行编译
1.打开Cmake，单击“Browse Source”，选择将对应之前OpenCV安装目录下的sources文件；单击“Browse Build”，选择opencv目录下build/x64目录，并新建一个MinGW的文件夹以存放编译生成的OpenCV文件。
2.单击“Configure”，此时会跳出选择编译器的窗口，请选择MinGW Makefiles模式，点击Specify native compilers选项，点击“Next”按钮。
3.再选择编译makefile相关文件的编译器，注意选择MinGW安装目录下bin文件夹中的x86_64-w64-mingw32-gcc.exe与x86_64-w64-mingw32-g++.exe作为编译文件的编译器（若没有说明所下载的MinGW不是64位版本)，点击“Finish”。
4.在列表中找到ENABLE_CXX11项，对其Value值进行勾选。
5.在列表中找到OPENCV_ENABLE_ALLOCATOR_STATS这一项，将Value值取消勾选。
6.再次单击“Configure”，再次配置生成CMakeFile相关文件，此时列表背景由红色变为白色，单击"Generate"，完成CMake对OpenCV的编译部分。
四、利用minGW32-make对生成的makefile文件进行编译和装载
1.打开cmd，通过cd+OpenCV目录下的build/x64/MinGW，若未发生跳转，请输入对应磁盘盘符，如下在D盘，则输入“D：”。
2.输入“minGW32-make”命令对makefile相关文件进行编译，此过程耗时较长。
3.编译成功后，输入minGW32-make install命令对编译文件进行装载。
五、配置环境变量
将opencv目录下build/x64/MinGW/bin文件夹添加至系统变量Path中。
六、修改VS Code配置文件
需要修改的文件为：c_cpp_properties.json、launch.json、tasks.json。
launch.json
{
"version": "0.2.0",
"configurations": [
{
"name": "g++.exe - 生成和调试活动文件",
"type": "cppdbg",
"request": "launch",
"program": "${fileDirname}\\${fileBasenameNoExtension}.exe",
"args": [],
"stopAtEntry": false,
"cwd": "${fileDirname}",
"environment": [],
"externalConsole": true,
"MIMode": "gdb",
"miDebuggerPath": "D:\\Tools\\TDM-GCC-64\\bin\\gdb.exe",
"setupCommands": [
{
"description": "为 gdb 启用整齐打印",
"text": "-enable-pretty-printing",
"ignoreFailures": true
},
{
"description": "将反汇编风格设置为 Intel",
"text": "-gdb-set disassembly-flavor intel",
"ignoreFailures": true
}
],
"preLaunchTask": "C/C++: g++.exe 生成活动文件"
}
]
}
tasks.json
{
"tasks": [
{
"type": "cppbuild",
"label": "C/C++: g++.exe 生成活动文件",
"command": "D:\\Tools\\TDM-GCC-64\\bin\\g++.exe",
"args": [
"-fdiagnostics-color=always",
"-g",
"${file}",
"-o",
"${fileDirname}\\${fileBasenameNoExtension}.exe",
"-I","D:\\Program Files\\opencv\\build\\include",
"-L","D:\\Program Files\\opencv\\build\\x64\\MinGW\\bin",
"-l","libopencv_calib3d3416",
"-l","libopencv_core3416",
"-l","libopencv_dnn3416",
"-l","libopencv_features2d3416",
"-l","libopencv_flann3416",
"-l","libopencv_highgui3416",
"-l","libopencv_imgcodecs3416",
"-l","libopencv_imgproc3416",
"-l","libopencv_ml3416",
"-l","libopencv_objdetect3416",
"-l","libopencv_photo3416",
"-l","libopencv_stitching3416",
"-l","libopencv_video3416",
"-l","libopencv_videoio3416"
],
"options": {
"cwd": "${fileDirname}"
},
"problemMatcher": [
"$gcc"
],
"group": {
"kind": "build",
"isDefault": true
},
"detail": "调试器生成的任务。"
}
],
"version": "2.0.0"
}
c_cpp_properties.json
{
"configurations": [
{
"name": "Win32",
"includePath": [
"${workspaceFolder}",
"D:\\Program Files\\opencv\\build\\include" //OpenCV工作目录
],
"defines": [
"_DEBUG",
"UNICODE",
"_UNICODE"
],
"compilerPath": "D:\\Tools\\TDM-GCC-64\\bin\\g++.exe",
"intelliSenseMode": "gcc-x64",
"browse": {
"path": [
"${workspaceFolder}"
],
"limitSymbolsToIncludedHeaders": true,
"databaseFilename": ""
},
"cStandard": "c11",
"cppStandard": "c++17"
}
],
"version": 4
}
可以通过新建工作区的方式为OpenCV单独建立工作区。
七、测试运行
测试代码为：
#include int main() { cv::Mat srcImage = cv::imread("1.jpg"); cv::imshow("Raw", srcImage); cv::waitKey(6000); //调用OpenCV的等待函数，等待6000ms return 0; }