JAVA图书管理练习
目录
- 0.前言
- 1.书类(BOOK)
-
- 1.1 Book
- 1.2 BookList
- 2. User类
-
- 2.1 user类
- 2.2 AdminUser类
- 2.3 NormalUser类
- 3.Operation类
-
- 3.1 添加图书
- 3.2 删除图书
- 3.3 查找图书
- 3.4 展示图书
- 3.5 退出系统
- 3.6 借阅图书
- 3.7 归还图书
0.前言
1.在学习了面向对象,接口继承等语法后,综合使用这些语法完成一个简单的图书管理小练习.
2.在写代码之前,我们首先要把各种类抽象出来,图书管理会有多个类,比如书类,放书的书架类,操作书籍的类,用户类
1.书类(BOOK)
1.1 Book
先创建一个包,里面存放书类和书架类,
BOOK类包含五个成员变量并且添加构造方法等其他成员方法,当我们实例化对象后,一本书就会有这五个属性和成员方法.
public class Book {
private String name; //书名
private String author; //作者
private int price; //价格
private String type; //类型
private Boolean isBorrowed=false; //是否借出
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getAuthor() {
return author;
}
public void setAuthor(String author) {
this.author = author;
}
public int getPrice() {
return price;
}
public void setPrice(int price) {
this.price = price;
}
public String getType() {
return type;
}
public void setType(String type) {
this.type = type;
}
public Boolean getBorrowed() {
return isBorrowed;
}
public void setBorrowed(Boolean borrowed) {
isBorrowed = borrowed;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Book{" +
"name='" + name + '\'' +
", author='" + author + '\'' +
", price=" + price +
", type='" + type + '\'' +
", isBorrowed=" + (isBorrowed?"true":"false") +
'}';
}
public Book(String name, String author, int price, String type) {
this.name = name;
this.author = author;
this.price = price;
this.type = type;
}
}
1.2 BookList
书架用来存放实例化后的书对象,里面包含了两个成员变量,一个是记录存放书籍数量的UsedSize,另外一个是创建的Book类数组,用来存放书对象.
//BookList
Book[] books=new Book[10];
int UsedSize; //已借出书籍的数量
public class BookList {
private Book[] books=new Book[10];
private int UsedSize; //已借出书籍的数量
public BookList(){
this.books[0]=new Book("三国演义","罗贯中",119,"小说");
this.books[1]=new Book("鸟哥的 Linux 私房菜","鸟哥",118,"小说");
this.books[2]=new Book("剑指 Offer","何海涛",65,"小说");
this.UsedSize=3;
}
//放书
public void setBooks(int pos,Book book) {
books[pos]=book;
}
public int getUsedSize() {
return UsedSize;
}
public void setUsedSize(int UsedSize) {
this.UsedSize = UsedSize;
}
public Book getbook(int pos){
return books[pos];
}
}
2. User类
2.1 user类
我们把用户分为管理员和普通用户,分别对应不同的功能
User类
public abstract class User {
protected String name;
public abstract int menu();
protected Ioperation[] ioperations;
public User(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public void dowork(int choice, BookList bookList){
this.ioperations[choice].work(bookList);
}
}
2.2 AdminUser类
public class AdminUser extends User {
public AdminUser(String name) {
super(name);
this.ioperations =new Ioperation[]{
new ExitOperation(),
new AddOperation(),
new FindOperation(),
new DisplayOperation(),
new DelOperation()
};
}
public int menu() {
System.out.println("=============================");
System.out.println("Hello " + name + ", 欢迎使用图书管理系统!");
System.out.println("0. 退出系统");
System.out.println("1. 增加图书");
System.out.println("2. 查找图书");
System.out.println("3. 展示图书");
System.out.println("4. 删除图书");
System.out.println("=============================");
System.out.println("请输入要选择的选项:");
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
int choice = sc.nextInt();
return choice;
}
}
2.3 NormalUser类
public class NormUser extends User{
public int menu() {
System.out.println("=============================");
System.out.println("Hello " + name + ", 欢迎使用图书管理系统!");
System.out.println("0. 退出系统");
System.out.println("1. 展示图书");
System.out.println("2. 查找图书");
System.out.println("3. 借阅图书");
System.out.println("4. 归还图书");
System.out.println("=============================");
System.out.println("请输入要选择的选项:");
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
int choice = sc.nextInt();
return choice;
}
public NormUser(String name){
super(name);
this.ioperations=new Ioperation[]{
new ExitOperation(),
new DisplayOperation(),
new FindOperation(),
new BorrowOperation(),
new ReturnOperation()
};
}
}
`
3.Operation类
public interface Ioperation {
void work(BookList bookList);
}
3.1 添加图书
public class AddOperation implements Ioperation {
public void work(BookList bookList){
System.out.println("添加图书");
Scanner sc=new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("请输入书名:");
String name=sc.nextLine();
System.out.println("请输入作者:");
String author=sc.nextLine();
System.out.println("请输入价格:");
int price=sc.nextInt();
System.out.println("请输入书的类型:");
String type=sc.nextLine();
Book book=new Book(name,author,price,type);
int pos= bookList.getUsedSize();
bookList.setBooks(pos,book);
bookList.setUsedSize(pos+1);
System.out.println("图书添加完成");
}
}
3.2 删除图书
public class DelOperation implements Ioperation{
@Override
public void work(BookList booklist) {
System.out.println("删除图书");
Scanner sc=new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("请输入要删除的图书:");
String name=sc.nextLine();
for (int i = 0; i < booklist.getUsedSize(); i++) {
if(name.equals(booklist.getbook(i).getName())){
while(booklist.getUsedSize()-i-1!=0){
booklist.setBooks(i,booklist.getbook(i+1));
i++;
}
booklist.setUsedSize(booklist.getUsedSize()-1);
System.out.println("删除成功");
return;
}
}
System.out.println("删除失败,没有这本书");
}
}
3.3 查找图书
public class FindOperation implements Ioperation{
@Override
public void work(BookList booklist) {
System.out.println("查找图书");
System.out.println("请输入要查找的图书:");
Scanner sc=new Scanner(System.in);
String name=sc.nextLine();
for (int i = 0; i < booklist.getUsedSize(); i++) {
Book book=booklist.getbook(i);
if(book.getName().equals(name)){
System.out.println("找到了");
System.out.println(book);
return;
}
}
System.out.println("没有找到");
}
}
3.4 展示图书
public class DisplayOperation implements Ioperation {
@Override
public void work(BookList booklist) {
System.out.println("展示图书");
for (int i = 0; i < booklist.getUsedSize(); i++) {
Book book=booklist.getbook(i);
System.out.println(book);
}
}
}
3.5 退出系统
public class ExitOperation implements Ioperation {
@Override
public void work(BookList booklist) {
System.out.println("退出系统");
System.exit(0);
}
}
3.6 借阅图书
public class BorrowOperation implements Ioperation {
@Override
public void work(BookList booklist) {
System.out.println("借阅图书");
System.out.println("请输入要借阅的图书:");
Scanner sc=new Scanner(System.in);
String name=sc.nextLine();
int i;
for(i = 0; i < booklist.getUsedSize(); i++) {
Book book=booklist.getbook(i);
if(book.getName().equals(name) && !book.getBorrowed()){
System.out.println("借阅成功");
booklist.getbook(i).setBorrowed(true);
return;
}
System.out.println("借阅失败,该书已经被借阅");
return;
}
System.out.println("没有找到这本书");
}
}
3.7 归还图书
public class ReturnOperation implements Ioperation {
@Override
public void work(BookList bookList) {
System.out.println("归还图书");
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("请输入归还书籍的名称");
String name = sc.next();
for (int i = 0; i < bookList.getUsedSize(); i++) {
if (name.equals(bookList.getbook(i).getName())) {
if (bookList.getbook(i).getBorrowed()) {
System.out.println("归还成功");
bookList.getbook(i).setBorrowed(false);
return;
} else {
System.out.println("该书未被借阅");
return;
}
}
}
System.out.println("没有该书或者书名错误");
}
}