OpenCV学习之路--4--ubuntu下交叉编译OpenCV3.4.10成ARM版本

本文所有操作均在root用户下进行。

 

编译环境：Ubuntu-16.04

交叉编译器：arm-2014.05

目标机器：迅为IMX6Q

 

编译OpenCV的编译器和依赖库文件，免费分享给大家：编译ARM版OpenCV所需编译器和依赖库文件

 

交叉编译OpenCV3.4.10需要配置编译环境及安装依赖库：

apt-get install cmake
apt-get install cmake-qt-gui

apt-get install build-essential libgtk2.0-dev libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libjpeg-dev libtiff4-dev libswscale-dev libjasper-dev

1.protobuf的安装

1.1安装一些库

apt-get install autoconf automake libtool curl make g++ unzip

1.2安装源文件

git clone https://github.com/protocolbuffers/protobuf.git

1.3进入protobuf目录

cd protobuf

1.4clone子模块的依赖

git submodule update --init --recursive

1.5执行自动生成的shell脚本

./autogen.sh

1.6配置文件shell脚本

./configure

1.7make编译

make

1.8install安装

sudo make install

1.9刷新

ldconfig

1.10查看安装结果

protoc --version

 

以下交叉编译都需进入各自的文件夹进行操作，不再赘述。

2.libz的交叉编译

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/arm/arm-2014.05/arm-none-linux-gnueabi/zlib-install --shared

修改Makefile

gedit Makefile

CC=arm-none-linux-gnueabi-gcc

LDSHARED=arm-none-linux-gnueabi-gcc -shared -Wl,-soname,libz.so.1,--version-script,zlib.map

AR=arm-none-linux-gnueabi-ar

RANLIB=arm-none-linux-gnueabi-ranlib

编译和安装

make
make install

3.libjpeg的交叉编译

./configure --host=arm-linux --prefix=/usr/local/arm/arm-2014.05/arm-none-linux-gnueabi/libjpeg-install --enable-shared --enable-static
make
make install

4.libpng的交叉编译

./configure --host=arm-linux --prefix=/usr/local/arm/arm-2014.05/arm-none-linux-gnueabi/libpng-install --enable-shared --enable-static
make
make install

5.yasm的交叉编译

./configure --host=arm-linux --prefix=/usr/local/arm/arm-2014.05/arm-none-linux-gnueabi/yasm-install --enable-shared --enable-static
make
make install

6.libx264的交叉编译

CC=arm-none-linux-gnueabi-gcc ./configure --enable-shared --host=arm-linux --disable-asm --prefix=/usr/local/arm/arm-2014.05/arm-none-linux-gnueabi/libx264-install
make
make install

7.libxvid的交叉编译

cd build/generic
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/arm/arm-2014.05/arm-none-linux-gnueabi/libxvid-install --host=arm-linux --disable-assembly
make
make install

8.ffmpeg的交叉编译

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/arm/arm-2014.05/arm-none-linux-gnueabi/ffmpeg-install --enable-shared --disable-static --enable-gpl --enable-cross-compile --arch=arm --disable-stripping --target-os=linux --enable-libx264 --enable-libxvid --extra-cflags=-I/usr/local/arm/arm-2014.05/arm-none-linux-gnueabi/libx264-install/include --extra-ldflags=-L/usr/local/arm/arm-2014.05/arm-none-linux-gnueabi/libx264-install/lib --extra-cflags=-I/usr/local/arm/arm-2014.05/arm-none-linux-gnueabi/libxvid-install/include --extra-ldflags=-L/usr/local/arm/arm-2014.05/arm-none-linux-gnueabi/libxvid-install/lib --cc=arm-none-linux-gnueabi-gcc --enable-swscale
make
make install

所有依赖库交叉编译安装完成

安装目录在：/usr/local/arm/arm-2014.05/arm-none-linux-gnueabi/      每个库有各自的-install 文件夹

新建文件夹

mkdir /usr/local/arm/arm-2014.05/arm-none-linux-gnueabi/opencv-depend/

然后拷贝所有-install 下的 lib 下的文件到 opencv-depend 目录下

cd /usr/local/arm/arm-2014.05/arm-none-linux-gnueabi/

cp -r ffmpeg-install/lib/ opencv-depend/
cp -r libjpeg-install/lib/ opencv-depend/
cp -r libpng-install/lib/ opencv-depend/
cp -r libx264-install/lib/ opencv-depend/
cp -r libxvid-install/lib/ opencv-depend/
cp -r yasm-install/lib/ opencv-depend/
cp -r zlib-install/lib/ opencv-depend/

 

 

好了，现在开始交叉编译OpenCV3.4.10

OpenCV3.4.10的源码放在：/usr/local/arm/opencv-3.4.10/

在此目录下创建build-arm并进入

mkdir build-arm && cd build-arm

1.配置cmake

gedit toolchain.cmake

在里面添加

###########user defined#############
set( CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME Linux )
set( CMAKE_SYSTEM_PROCESSOR arm )
set( CMAKE_C_COMPILER arm-none-linux-gnueabi-gcc )
set( CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER arm-none-linux-gnueabi-g++ )
###########user defined#############
set( CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH" /usr/local/arm/arm-2014.05/arm-none-linux-gnueabi/opencv-depend " )
set( CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_MODE_PROGRAM NEVER )
set( CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_MODE_LIBRARY ONLY )
set( CMAKE_FIND_ROOT_PATH_MODE_INCLUDE ONLY )
######################################

然后执行这一步

cmake -DCMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE=toolchain.cmake ../

2.配置cmake-gui

cmake-gui

选择源代码目录：/usr/local/arm/opencv-3.4.10

选择 Build 目录：/usr/local/arm/opencv-3.4.10/build-arm

 

需要修改的地方如下：

• CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX默认安装目录为/usr/local，改为/usr/local/arm/opencv-arm(因为之前安装了 x86 的 opencv 在 usr/local 为了避免弄混了)

• 勾选上BUILD_JPEG和BUILD_PNG

  

  

• 去掉 WITH_CUDA
• 去掉 WITH_GTK
• 去掉 WITH_1394
• 去掉 WITH_GSTREAMER
• 去掉 WITH_LIBV4L(后边有 v4l 这个没用不要选)
• 去掉 WITH_TIFF
• 去掉 BUILD_OPENEXR
• 去掉 WITH_OPENEXR
• 去掉 BUILD_opencv_ocl
• 去掉 WITH_OPENCL

完成后点击Generate，修改 CMakeCache.txt，CMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS :STRING= 后面原来为空，加上 -pthread -lrt -ldl 

gedit CMakeCache.txt

之后就是make和make install（出现错误一般是选多了或者前面做错了 make clean）

make
make install

最后，编译成功，当看到这些库文件时就说明OK啦。

来看一个库文件的信息，是ARM平台的，就可以移植到开发板运行了，详细内容请看下一篇博客。

 

和/usr/local/lib/下对比看一下，一个是x86-64平台的，一个是ARM平台的。用时不要混淆了。

 

最后，需要把/usr/local/arm/opencv-arm/lib 下所有的动态链接库拷贝到交叉编译下/usr/local/arm/arm-2014.05/arm-non-linux-gnueabi/lib 下，其实这最后一步可以不做。

 

 

在Qt中使用交叉编译的OpenCV，生成开发板可以直接运行的ARM程序

    INCLUDEPATH += /usr/local/arm/opencv-arm/include \
                   /usr/local/arm/opencv-arm/include/opencv \
                   /usr/local/arm/opencv-arm/include/opencv2

    LIBS += /usr/local/arm/opencv-arm/lib/libopencv_highgui.so \
            /usr/local/arm/opencv-arm/lib/libopencv_core.so    \
            /usr/local/arm/opencv-arm/lib/libopencv_imgproc.so \
            /usr/local/arm/opencv-arm/lib/libopencv_imgcodecs.so \
            /usr/local/arm/opencv-arm/lib/libopencv_videoio.so