Python——计算方差、标准差、均方差、均方根值、均方误差、均方根误差

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 
import math
 
 
def get_average(records):
    """
    平均值
    """
    return sum(records) / len(records)
 
 
def get_variance(records):
    """
    方差 反映一个数据集的离散程度
    """
    average = get_average(records)
    return sum([(x - average) ** 2 for x in records]) / len(records)
 
 
def get_standard_deviation(records):
    """
    标准差 == 均方差 反映一个数据集的离散程度
    """
    variance = get_variance(records)
    return math.sqrt(variance)
 
 
def get_rms(records):
    """
    均方根值 反映的是有效值而不是平均值
    """
    return math.sqrt(sum([x ** 2 for x in records]) / len(records))
 
 
def get_mse(records_real, records_predict):
    """
    均方误差 估计值与真值 偏差
    """
    if len(records_real) == len(records_predict):
        return sum([(x - y) ** 2 for x, y in zip(records_real, records_predict)]) / len(records_real)
    else:
        return None
 
 
def get_rmse(records_real, records_predict):
    """
    均方根误差：是均方误差的算术平方根
    """
    mse = get_mse(records_real, records_predict)
    if mse:
        return math.sqrt(mse)
    else:
        return None
 
 
def get_mae(records_real, records_predict):
    """
    平均绝对误差
    """
    if len(records_real) == len(records_predict):
        return sum([abs(x - y) for x, y in zip(records_real, records_predict)]) / len(records_real)
    else:
        return None
 
 
if __name__ == '__main__':
    records1 = [3, 4, 5]
    records2 = [2, 4, 6]
 
    # 平均值
    average1 = get_average(records1)  # 4.0
    average2 = get_average(records2)  # 4.0
 
    # 方差
    variance1 = get_variance(records1)  # 0.66
    variance2 = get_variance(records2)  # 2.66
 
    # 标准差
    std_deviation1 = get_standard_deviation(records1)  # 0.81
    std_deviation2 = get_standard_deviation(records2)  # 1.63
 
    # 均方根
    rms1 = get_rms(records1)  # 4.08
    rms2 = get_rms(records2)  # 4.32
 
    # 均方误差
    mse = get_mse(records1, records2)  # 0.66
 
    # 均方根误差
    rmse = get_rmse(records1, records2)  # 0.81
 
    # 平均绝对误差
    mae = get_mae(records1, records2)  # 0.66
  
   print(mae) 

注意事项

1、X** 2 表示 X的平方；

2、别忘了包含  import math