esp32+Python打造桌面时钟
esp32 + Python 打造个性化桌面时钟
一、显示效果
按下按键三种模式切换
二、硬件准备
硬件清单：
| 名称 | 数量 | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 30引脚esp32-s开发板 | 1 |
| 2 | 1kΩ电阻 | 1 |
| 3 | 按键开关 | 1 |
| 4 | 240*240tft屏幕（st7789驱动） | 1 |
| 5 | 杜邦线 | 若干 |
线路连接：
三、开源地址
GitHub：https://github.com/LC044/network-clock
Gitee：https://gitee.com/shuaikang-zhou/network-clock
四、原理分析
（一）st7789py.py驱动修改
'''
导入字体
'''
from package import GBfont
from package import font_gb_16x16 as font_gb
from package import VGAfont
GB16 = GBfont.gb2312(16)
GB24 = GBfont.gb2312(24)
GB32 = font_gb.Font32(32)
vga32 = VGAfont.VGAFONT(32)
vga16 = VGAfont.VGAFONT(16)
vga24 = VGAfont.VGAFONT(24)
vga40 = VGAfont.VGAFONT(40)
vga48 = VGAfont.VGAFONT(48)
新增PWM背光调节亮度：
'''初始化'''
if backlight is not None:
from machine import PWM
self.bl = PWM(self.backlight,freq=1000,duty=128)
def brightness(self,value):
'''
调节屏幕亮度
value: int 0-1023
'''
self.bl.duty(value)
支持更多字号字体，中英文字体，不同字号字体合并：
def text(self,size, text, x0, y0, color=WHITE, background=BLACK):
char = text[0].encode('utf-8')
if len(char) == 1:
if size == 0:
pass
elif size == 24:
font_gb = vga24.str(text)
elif size == 16:
font_gb = vga16.str(text)
elif size == 32:
font_gb = vga32.str(text)
elif size == 40:
font_gb = vga40.str(text)
elif size == 48:
font_gb = vga48.str(text)
else:
if size == 16:
font_gb = GB16.str(text)
elif size == 24:
font_gb = GB24.str(text)
elif size == 32:
font_gb = GB32
elif size == 48:
font_gb = GB48
self._text(font_gb,size, text, x0, y0, color, background)
提高显示速度，修复颜色bug：
def _text(self,font,size, text, x0, y0, color=WHITE, background=BLACK):
self.k = 0
self.num = 4
for char in text:
if (x0+font.WIDTH <= self.width and y0+font.HEIGHT <= self.height):
for line in range(self.num): # 分两次显示，先显示上半边后显示下半边
idx = line * (font.SIZE//self.num)
buffer = b''
for x in range(0,(font.SIZE//self.num),1):
buffer += struct.pack('>8H',
color if font.FONT[char][idx+x] & _BIT7 else background,
color if font.FONT[char][idx+x] & _BIT6 else background,
color if font.FONT[char][idx+x] & _BIT5 else background,
color if font.FONT[char][idx+x] & _BIT4 else background,
color if font.FONT[char][idx+x] & _BIT3 else background,
color if font.FONT[char][idx+x] & _BIT2 else background,
color if font.FONT[char][idx+x] & _BIT1 else background,
color if font.FONT[char][idx+x] & _BIT0 else background,
)
self.blit_buffer(buffer, x0, y0+(font.HEIGHT//self.num)*line, font.WIDTH, font.HEIGHT//self.num)
x0 += font.WIDTH # 显示下一个字的时候x坐标增加字体宽度
（二）连接WiFi，同步时钟（WiFi.py）
import ntptime
import network,time
from machine import RTC,Pin
rtc = RTC()
ssid = 'CU_1316' # WiFi 账号
password = 'zhou1316' # WiFi 密码
# 联WIFI
def WIFI_Connect():
wlan = network.WLAN(network.STA_IF) #STA模式
wlan.active(True) #激活接口
start_time=time.time() #记录时间做超时判断
if not wlan.isconnected():
print('connecting to network...')
wlan.connect(ssid, password) #输入WIFI账号密码
while not wlan.isconnected():
if time.time()-start_time > 15 :
print('WIFI Connected Timeout!')
break
if wlan.isconnected():
print('connected!')
print('network information:', wlan.ifconfig())
# 同步时间
def sync_ntp():
ntptime.NTP_DELTA = 3155644800
ntptime.host = 'ntp1.aliyun.com'
try:
ntptime.settime()
except:
print('同步失败')
if __name__ == '__main__':
WIFI_Connect()
sync_ntp()
print(rtc.datetime())
print("同步后本地时间：%s" %str(time.localtime()))
（三）获取网络天气、诗词（weather.py）
天气API：心知天气
def now_weather(self,city):
#34.40:114.96
url = "https://api.seniverse.com/v3/weather/now.json?key={}&location={}&language=zh-Hans&unit=c".format(self.password,city)
result1=urequests.get(url)
j1=ujson.loads(result1.text)
_city = j1['results'][0]['location']['name']
weather = j1['results'][0]['now']['text']
tem = j1['results'][0]['now']['temperature']
code = j1['results'][0]['now']['code']
print(j1['results'][0]['location']['name'],end=' ')
print(j1['results'][0]['now']['text'],end=' ')
print(j1['results'][0]['now']['temperature'],end='℃ ')
print(j1['results'][0]['last_update'])
print('天气代码：',code)
return {
'city':_city,
'weather':weather,
'tem':tem,
'code':code,
'height':int(self.img_size(code)[3:]),
'width':int(self.img_size(code)[0:2])
}
def poet(self):
# 获取句子
url = 'https://api.a632079.me/?max_length=11'
res=urequests.get(url)
dic=ujson.loads(res.text)
print(len(dic['hitokoto']),dic['hitokoto'])
return dic['hitokoto'][:dic['length']]
def jinrishici(self):
# 获取诗词
url = 'https://v2.jinrishici.com/sentence'
headers = {
'X-User-Token':'EsnWc/+lex+Lgs7/m0clRHToBy/Eejy7'
}
res=urequests.get(url,headers=headers)
dic=ujson.loads(res.text)
if dic['status'] == 'success':
return dic['data']
（四）天气时钟界面(clock.py)
def clock(self):
file = [open("./astronaut/img{}.dat".format(i), "rb") for i in range(1, 14)]
#self.tft.brightness(64)
self.init_show() # 初始化显示画面
self.show_city(self.data['city']) # 显示城市
self.show_tem(self.data['tem']) # 显示温度
self.show_weather(self.data) # 显示天气信息
self.init_time() # 初始化时间显示
while True:
if self.mod != _CLOCK:
return
self.t = time.localtime(time.time())
# 每十分钟天气更新一次
if self.t[4]%10==0 and 0<self.t[5]<2:
self.data = self.Weather.now_weather(self.city)
self.show_city(self.data['city'])
self.show_weather(self.data)
self.show_time(self.t)
# 显示太空人动画
for f in file:
f.seek(0)
for row in range(0, 80, 20):
buffer = f.read(2800)
self.tft._set_window(170,row,239,row+19)
self.tft._write(None,buffer)
time.sleep(0.1)
（五）诗词界面(poet.py)
def show(self):
try:
poet_data = self.Weather.jinrishici()
author = poet_data['origin']['author']
dynasty = poet_data['origin']['dynasty']
title = poet_data['origin']['title']
poet = poet_data['origin']['content']
except:
pass
poem = []
for i in range(len(poet)):
if len(poet[i])>15:
if '。' in poet[i]:
se = poet[i].split('。')
elif '？' in poet[i]:
se = poet[i].split('？')
elif '！' in poet[i]:
se = poet[i].split('！')
else:
se = poet[i].split('，')
for s in range(len(se)-1):
if len(se[s]) > 15:
p = se[s].split('，')
for pm in p:
poem.append(pm)
else:
poem.append(se[s])
else:
poem.append(poet[i])
y = 50
del poet
self.tft.fill(self.WHITE)
offest = (240-24*len(title))//2
self.tft.text(24, title, offest, 0, self.BLACK, self.WHITE)
offest = 24*len(author)
self.tft.text(24, '{}'.format(author), 240-offest-24, 30, self.BLACK, self.WHITE)
for p in poem:
y = y + 20
offest = (240-16*len(p))//2
self.tft.text(16, p, offest, y, self.BLACK, self.WHITE)
while True:
if self.mod != 1:
return
else:
utime.sleep(0.5)
pass
（六）日历界面（calendar.py）
def show(self,month):
begin = 1
y = 35 + 16 + 4+5+10
dx = 34
x = self.week
week_num = 1
while begin <= self.days[month - 1]:
begin += 1
self.week = (self.week + 1) % 7
if self.week % 7 == 0:
week_num += 1
begin = 1
self.week = x
print(week_num)
size = 16 if week_num == 6 else 24
while begin <= self.days[month - 1]:
color = self.RED if begin == self.t[2] else self.WHITE
bg = self.WHITE if begin == self.t[2] else self.BLACK
offest_x = 6 if begin<10 else 0
self.tft.text(size, '{}'.format(begin), 5+dx*x+offest_x, y , color, bg)
begin += 1
x+=1
self.week = (self.week + 1) % 7
#print('%4d' % begin,end=',')
if self.week % 7 == 0:
x=0
y+=30
（七）main.py
from machine import Pin, SPI, RTC
from package import st7789py as st
from package import weather
import gc
import time
import clock
import poet
import calendar
_CLOCK = 0
_VERSE = 1
_CALENDAR = 2
class Display():
def __init__(self):
self.tft = st.ST7789(SPI(2, 10000000), 240, 240, reset=Pin(5), dc=Pin(17), cs=Pin(16), backlight=Pin(4), rotation=0)
self.bt = Pin(34, Pin.IN,Pin.PULL_DOWN)
self.bt.irq(trigger=Pin.IRQ_FALLING, handler=self.model)
self.mod = 0
self.weather = weather.Weather()
self.clock = clock.CLOCK(self.tft,self.weather)
self.poem = poet.POET(self.tft,self.weather)
self.calendar = calendar.Calendar(self.tft)
def model(self,*argc):
self.mod=(self.mod+1)%4
self.clock.mod = self.mod
self.poem.mod = self.mod
self.calendar.mod = self.mod
def run(self):
while True:
print(self.mod)
if self.mod == _CLOCK:
self.tft.brightness(128)
self.clock.clock()
elif self.mod == _VERSE:
self.tft.brightness(256)
self.tft.fill(0)
self.poem.show()
elif self.mod == _CALENDAR:
self.tft.brightness(256)
self.calendar.display()
time.sleep(0.5)
gc.collect()
def __del__(self):
pass
D = Display()
D.run()