11、Redis_事务_秒杀案例

11. Redis_事务_秒杀案例

11.1. 解决计数器和人员记录的事务操作

11、Redis_事务_秒杀案例_第1张图片

基本功能实现:

public class SecKillController {

    //秒杀过程
    public static boolean doSecKill(String uid,String prodid){

        //1. uid和proid非空判断
        if (uid==null || prodid==null){
            return false;
        }

        //2. 连接redis
        Jedis jedis = new Jedis("192.168.195.129", 6379);

        //3. 拼接key
        //3.1 库存key
        String kcKey = "sk:"+prodid+":qt";
        //3.2 秒杀成功用户key
        String userKey = "sk:"+prodid+":user";

        //4. 获取库存,如果库存为空,秒杀还没有开始
        String kc = jedis.get(kcKey);
        if (kc==null){
            System.out.println("秒杀还没开始,等待");
            jedis.close();
            return false;
        }

        //5. 判断用户是否重复秒杀操作
        boolean sismember = jedis.sismember(userKey, uid);
        if (sismember){
            System.out.println("秒杀成功,只能秒杀一次");
            jedis.close();
            return false;
        }
        //6. 库存的数量小于1,秒杀结束
        if (Integer.parseInt(kc)<=0){
            System.out.println("秒杀结束");
            jedis.close();
            return false;
        }

        //7. 秒杀过程
        //7.1 库存-1

        jedis.decr(kcKey);
        //7.2 把秒杀成功用户添加到清单里面
        jedis.sadd(userKey,uid);

        System.out.println("秒杀成功");
        jedis.close();

        return true;
    }
}

11.2. Redis事务–秒杀并发模拟

使用工具ab模拟测试
CentOS6 默认安装
CentOS7需要手动安装

11.2.1. 联网

yum install httpd-tools

11.2.2. 无网络

(1) 进入cd /run/media/root/CentOS 7 x86_64/Packages(路径跟centos6不同)
(2) 顺序安装
apr-1.4.8-3.el7.x86_64.rpm
apr-util-1.5.2-6.el7.x86_64.rpm
httpd-tools-2.4.6-67.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm

11.2.3. 测试及结果

11.2.3.1. 通过ab测试

[root@localhost ~]# ab --help
ab: wrong number of arguments
Usage: ab [options] [http[s]://]hostname[:port]/path
Options are:
    -n requests     Number of requests to perform
    -c concurrency  Number of multiple requests to make at a time
    -t timelimit    Seconds to max. to spend on benchmarking
                    This implies -n 50000
    -s timeout      Seconds to max. wait for each response
                    Default is 30 seconds
    -b windowsize   Size of TCP send/receive buffer, in bytes
    -B address      Address to bind to when making outgoing connections
    -p postfile     File containing data to POST. Remember also to set -T
    -u putfile      File containing data to PUT. Remember also to set -T
    -T content-type Content-type header to use for POST/PUT data, eg.
                    'application/x-www-form-urlencoded'
                    Default is 'text/plain'
    -v verbosity    How much troubleshooting info to print
    -w              Print out results in HTML tables
    -i              Use HEAD instead of GET
    -x attributes   String to insert as table attributes
    -y attributes   String to insert as tr attributes
    -z attributes   String to insert as td or th attributes
    -C attribute    Add cookie, eg. 'Apache=1234'. (repeatable)
    -H attribute    Add Arbitrary header line, eg. 'Accept-Encoding: gzip'
                    Inserted after all normal header lines. (repeatable)
    -A attribute    Add Basic WWW Authentication, the attributes
                    are a colon separated username and password.
    -P attribute    Add Basic Proxy Authentication, the attributes
                    are a colon separated username and password.
    -X proxy:port   Proxyserver and port number to use
    -V              Print version number and exit
    -k              Use HTTP KeepAlive feature
    -d              Do not show percentiles served table.
    -S              Do not show confidence estimators and warnings.
    -q              Do not show progress when doing more than 150 requests
    -g filename     Output collected data to gnuplot format file.
    -e filename     Output CSV file with percentages served
    -r              Don't exit on socket receive errors.
    -h              Display usage information (this message)
    -Z ciphersuite  Specify SSL/TLS cipher suite (See openssl ciphers)
    -f protocol     Specify SSL/TLS protocol
                    (SSL3, TLS1, TLS1.1, TLS1.2 or ALL)

vim postfile 模拟表单提交参数,以&符号结尾;存放当前目录。
内容:prodid=0101&

ab -n 2000 -c 200 -k -p ~/postfile -T application/x-www-form-urlencoded http://192.168.2.115:8081/Seckill/doseckill

通过浏览器测试

ab -n 1000 -c 100 http://192.168.137.1:8080/seckill

11.2.3.2. 超卖

11、Redis_事务_秒杀案例_第2张图片
11、Redis_事务_秒杀案例_第3张图片

11.3. 超卖问题

11、Redis_事务_秒杀案例_第4张图片

11.4. 利用乐观锁淘汰用户,解决超卖问题。

11、Redis_事务_秒杀案例_第5张图片
增加乐观锁:

//增加乐观锁
jedis.watch(qtkey);
 
//3.判断库存
String qtkeystr = jedis.get(qtkey);
if(qtkeystr==null || "".equals(qtkeystr.trim())) {
System.out.println("未初始化库存");
jedis.close();
return false ;
}
 
int qt = Integer.parseInt(qtkeystr);
if(qt<=0) {
System.err.println("已经秒光");
jedis.close();
return false;
}

11、Redis_事务_秒杀案例_第6张图片
增加事务:

//增加事务
Transaction multi = jedis.multi();
 
//4.减少库存
//jedis.decr(qtkey);
multi.decr(qtkey);
 
//5.加人
//jedis.sadd(usrkey, uid);
multi.sadd(usrkey, uid);
 
//执行事务
List<Object> list = multi.exec();
 
//判断事务提交是否失败
if(list==null || list.size()==0) {
System.out.println("秒杀失败");
jedis.close();
return false;
}
System.err.println("秒杀成功");
jedis.close();

11、Redis_事务_秒杀案例_第7张图片
完整代码:

@Controller
public class SecKillController {

    //秒杀过程
    public static boolean doSecKill(String uid,String prodid){

        //1. uid和proid非空判断
        if (uid==null || prodid==null){
            return false;
        }

        //2. 连接redis
//        Jedis jedis = new Jedis("192.168.195.129", 6379);

        //通过连接池得到jedis对象
        JedisPool jedisPoolInstance = JedisPoolUtil.getJedisPoolInstance();
        Jedis jedis = jedisPoolInstance.getResource();


        //3. 拼接key
        //3.1 库存key
        String kcKey = "sk:"+prodid+":qt";
        //3.2 秒杀成功用户key
        String userKey = "sk:"+prodid+":user";

        //监视库存
        jedis.watch(kcKey);


        //4. 获取库存,如果库存为空,秒杀还没有开始
        String kc = jedis.get(kcKey);
        if (kc==null){
            System.out.println("秒杀还没开始,等待");
            jedis.close();
            return false;
        }

        //5. 判断用户是否重复秒杀操作
        boolean sismember = jedis.sismember(userKey, uid);
        if (sismember){
            System.out.println("秒杀成功,只能秒杀一次");
            jedis.close();
            return false;
        }
        //6. 库存的数量小于1,秒杀结束
        if (Integer.parseInt(kc)<=0){
            System.out.println("秒杀结束");
            jedis.close();
            return false;
        }

        //7. 秒杀过程

        //使用事务
        Transaction multi = jedis.multi();
        //组队操作
        multi.decr(kcKey);
        multi.sadd(userKey,uid);

        //执行
        List<Object> results = multi.exec();

        if (results==null || results.size()==0){
            System.out.println("秒杀失败");
            jedis.close();
            return false;
        }

        //7.1 库存-1

        jedis.decr(kcKey);
        //7.2 把秒杀成功用户添加到清单里面
        jedis.sadd(userKey,uid);

        System.out.println("秒杀成功");
        jedis.close();

        return true;
    }
}

JedisPoolUtil类:

public class JedisPoolUtil {
	private static volatile JedisPool jedisPool = null;

	private JedisPoolUtil() {
	}

	public static JedisPool getJedisPoolInstance() {
		if (null == jedisPool) {
			synchronized (JedisPoolUtil.class) {
				if (null == jedisPool) {
					JedisPoolConfig poolConfig = new JedisPoolConfig();
					poolConfig.setMaxTotal(200);
					poolConfig.setMaxIdle(32);
					poolConfig.setMaxWaitMillis(100*1000);
					poolConfig.setBlockWhenExhausted(true);
					poolConfig.setTestOnBorrow(true);  // ping  PONG
				 
					jedisPool = new JedisPool(poolConfig, "192.168.44.168", 6379, 60000 );
				}
			}
		}
		return jedisPool;
	}

	public static void release(JedisPool jedisPool, Jedis jedis) {
		if (null != jedis) {
//			jedisPool.returnResource(jedis);
			jedis.close();
		}
	}

}

11.5. 继续增加并发测试

11.5.1. 连接有限制

ab -n 2000 -c 200 -k -p postfile -T 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded' http://192.168.140.1:8080/seckill/doseckill

在这里插入图片描述

增加-r参数,-r Don’t exit on socket receive errors.

ab -n 2000 -c 100 -r -p postfile -T 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded' http://192.168.140.1:8080/seckill/doseckill

11.5.2. 已经秒光,可是还有库存

ab -n 2000 -c 100 -p postfile -T 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded' http://192.168.137.1:8080/seckill/doseckill

已经秒光,可是还有库存。原因,就是乐观锁导致很多请求都失败。先点的没秒到,后点的可能秒到了。
11、Redis_事务_秒杀案例_第8张图片

11.5.3. 连接超时,通过连接池解决

在这里插入图片描述

11.5.4. 连接池

节省每次连接redis服务带来的消耗,把连接好的实例反复利用。
通过参数管理连接的行为

链接池参数

  • MaxTotal:控制一个pool可分配多少个jedis实例,通过pool.getResource()来获取;如果赋值为-1,则表示不限制;如果pool已经分配了MaxTotal个jedis实例,则此时pool的状态为exhausted。
  • maxIdle:控制一个pool最多有多少个状态为idle(空闲)的jedis实例;
  • MaxWaitMillis:表示当borrow一个jedis实例时,最大的等待毫秒数,如果超过等待时间,则直接抛JedisConnectionException;
  • testOnBorrow:获得一个jedis实例的时候是否检查连接可用性(ping());如果为true,则得到的jedis实例均是可用的;

11.6. 解决库存遗留问题

11.6.1. LUA脚本

11、Redis_事务_秒杀案例_第9张图片

Lua 是一个小巧的脚本语言,Lua脚本可以很容易的被C/C++ 代码调用,也可以反过来调用C/C++的函数,Lua并没有提供强大的库,一个完整的Lua解释器不过200k,所以Lua不适合作为开发独立应用程序的语言,而是作为嵌入式脚本语言
很多应用程序、游戏使用LUA作为自己的嵌入式脚本语言,以此来实现可配置性、可扩展性。
这其中包括魔兽争霸地图、魔兽世界、博德之门、愤怒的小鸟等众多游戏插件或外挂。
https://www.w3cschool.cn/lua/

11.6.2. LUA脚本在Redis中的优势

将复杂的或者多步的redis操作,写为一个脚本,一次提交给redis执行,减少反复连接redis的次数。提升性能。
LUA脚本是类似redis事务,有一定的原子性,不会被其他命令插队,可以完成一些redis事务性的操作
但是注意redis的lua脚本功能,只有在Redis 2.6以上的版本才可以使用
利用lua脚本淘汰用户,解决超卖问题
redis 2.6版本以后,通过lua脚本解决争抢问题,实际上是redis 利用其单线程的特性,用任务队列的方式解决多任务并发问题
11、Redis_事务_秒杀案例_第10张图片

11.7. Redis_事务_秒杀案例(总结)

11.7.1. 项目结构

JedisPoolUtil

package com.gao.controller;

import redis.clients.jedis.Jedis;
import redis.clients.jedis.JedisPool;
import redis.clients.jedis.JedisPoolConfig;

public class JedisPoolUtil {
	private static volatile JedisPool jedisPool = null;

	private JedisPoolUtil() {
	}

	public static JedisPool getJedisPoolInstance() {
		if (null == jedisPool) {
			synchronized (JedisPoolUtil.class) {
				if (null == jedisPool) {
					JedisPoolConfig poolConfig = new JedisPoolConfig();
					poolConfig.setMaxTotal(200);
					poolConfig.setMaxIdle(32);
					poolConfig.setMaxWaitMillis(100*1000);
					poolConfig.setBlockWhenExhausted(true);
					poolConfig.setTestOnBorrow(true);  // ping  PONG
				 
					jedisPool = new JedisPool(poolConfig, "192.168.44.168", 6379, 60000 );
				}
			}
		}
		return jedisPool;
	}

	public static void release(JedisPool jedisPool, Jedis jedis) {
		if (null != jedis) {
//			jedisPool.returnResource(jedis);
			jedis.close();
		}
	}

}

报错解决办法:https://ask.csdn.net/questions/7683274

SecKill_redisByScript:

package com.gao.controller;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Set;

import org.apache.commons.pool2.impl.GenericObjectPoolConfig;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

import ch.qos.logback.core.joran.conditional.ElseAction;
import redis.clients.jedis.HostAndPort;
import redis.clients.jedis.Jedis;
import redis.clients.jedis.JedisCluster;
import redis.clients.jedis.JedisPool;
import redis.clients.jedis.JedisPoolConfig;
import redis.clients.jedis.ShardedJedisPool;
import redis.clients.jedis.Transaction;

public class SecKill_redisByScript {
	
	private static final  org.slf4j.Logger logger =LoggerFactory.getLogger(SecKill_redisByScript.class) ;

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		JedisPool jedispool =  JedisPoolUtil.getJedisPoolInstance();
 
		Jedis jedis=jedispool.getResource();
		System.out.println(jedis.ping());
		
		Set<HostAndPort> set=new HashSet<HostAndPort>();

	//	doSecKill("201","sk:0101");
	}
	
	static String secKillScript ="local userid=KEYS[1];\r\n" + 
			"local prodid=KEYS[2];\r\n" + 
			"local qtkey='sk:'..prodid..\":qt\";\r\n" + 
			"local usersKey='sk:'..prodid..\":usr\";\r\n" + 
			"local userExists=redis.call(\"sismember\",usersKey,userid);\r\n" + 
			"if tonumber(userExists)==1 then \r\n" + 
			"   return 2;\r\n" + 
			"end\r\n" + 
			"local num= redis.call(\"get\" ,qtkey);\r\n" + 
			"if tonumber(num)<=0 then \r\n" + 
			"   return 0;\r\n" + 
			"else \r\n" + 
			"   redis.call(\"decr\",qtkey);\r\n" + 
			"   redis.call(\"sadd\",usersKey,userid);\r\n" + 
			"end\r\n" + 
			"return 1" ;
			 
	static String secKillScript2 = 
			"local userExists=redis.call(\"sismember\",\"{sk}:0101:usr\",userid);\r\n" +
			" return 1";

	public static boolean doSecKill(String uid,String prodid) throws IOException {

		JedisPool jedispool =  JedisPoolUtil.getJedisPoolInstance();
		Jedis jedis=jedispool.getResource();

		 //String sha1=  .secKillScript;
		String sha1=  jedis.scriptLoad(secKillScript);
		Object result= jedis.evalsha(sha1, 2, uid,prodid);

		  String reString=String.valueOf(result);
		if ("0".equals( reString )  ) {
			System.err.println("已抢空!!");
		}else if("1".equals( reString )  )  {
			System.out.println("抢购成功!!!!");
		}else if("2".equals( reString )  )  {
			System.err.println("该用户已抢过!!");
		}else{
			System.err.println("抢购异常!!");
		}
		jedis.close();
		return true;
	}
}

SecKillServlet:

package com.gao.controller;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.LinkedList;
import java.util.Random;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.xml.ws.soap.AddressingFeature.Responses;

/**
 * 秒杀案例
 */
public class SecKillServlet extends HttpServlet {
	private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

    public SecKillServlet() {
        super();
    }

	@Override
	protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {

		String userid = new Random().nextInt(50000) +"" ;
		String prodid =request.getParameter("prodid");
		
		//boolean isSuccess=SecKill_redis.doSecKill(userid,prodid);
		boolean isSuccess= SecKill_redisByScript.doSecKill(userid,prodid);
		response.getWriter().print(isSuccess);
	}

}

SecKill_redis:

package com.gao.controller;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Set;

import org.apache.commons.pool2.impl.GenericObjectPoolConfig;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

import ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.helper.IntegerTokenConverter;
import redis.clients.jedis.HostAndPort;
import redis.clients.jedis.Jedis;
import redis.clients.jedis.JedisCluster;
import redis.clients.jedis.JedisPool;
import redis.clients.jedis.JedisPoolConfig;
import redis.clients.jedis.ShardedJedisPool;
import redis.clients.jedis.Transaction;

/**
 *
 */
public class SecKill_redis {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		Jedis jedis =new Jedis("192.168.44.168",6379);
		System.out.println(jedis.ping());
		jedis.close();
	}

	//秒杀过程
	public static boolean doSecKill(String uid,String prodid) throws IOException {
		//1 uid和prodid非空判断
		if(uid == null || prodid == null) {
			return false;
		}

		//2 连接redis
		//Jedis jedis = new Jedis("192.168.44.168",6379);
		//通过连接池得到jedis对象
		JedisPool jedisPoolInstance = JedisPoolUtil.getJedisPoolInstance();
		Jedis jedis = jedisPoolInstance.getResource();

		//3 拼接key
		// 3.1 库存key
		String kcKey = "sk:"+prodid+":qt";
		// 3.2 秒杀成功用户key
		String userKey = "sk:"+prodid+":user";

		//监视库存
		jedis.watch(kcKey);

		//4 获取库存,如果库存null,秒杀还没有开始
		String kc = jedis.get(kcKey);
		if(kc == null) {
			System.out.println("秒杀还没有开始,请等待");
			jedis.close();
			return false;
		}

		// 5 判断用户是否重复秒杀操作
		if(jedis.sismember(userKey, uid)) {
			System.out.println("已经秒杀成功了,不能重复秒杀");
			jedis.close();
			return false;
		}

		//6 判断如果商品数量,库存数量小于1,秒杀结束
		if(Integer.parseInt(kc)<=0) {
			System.out.println("秒杀已经结束了");
			jedis.close();
			return false;
		}

		//7 秒杀过程
		//使用事务
		Transaction multi = jedis.multi();

		//组队操作
		multi.decr(kcKey);
		multi.sadd(userKey,uid);

		//执行
		List<Object> results = multi.exec();

		if(results == null || results.size()==0) {
			System.out.println("秒杀失败了....");
			jedis.close();
			return false;
		}

		//7.1 库存-1
		//jedis.decr(kcKey);
		//7.2 把秒杀成功用户添加清单里面
		//jedis.sadd(userKey,uid);

		System.out.println("秒杀成功了..");
		jedis.close();
		return true;
	}
}

11.7.2. 第一版:简单版

老师点10次,正常秒杀
同学一起点试一试,秒杀也是正常的。这是因为还达不到并发的效果。
使用工具ab模拟并发测试,会出现超卖情况。查看库存会出现负数

11.7.3. 第二版:加事务-乐观锁(解决超卖),但出现遗留库存和连接超时

11.7.4. 第三版:连接池解决超时问题

11.7.5. 第四版:解决库存依赖问题,LUA脚本

local userid=KEYS[1]; 
local prodid=KEYS[2];
local qtkey="sk:"..prodid..":qt";
local usersKey="sk:"..prodid.":usr'; 
local userExists=redis.call("sismember",usersKey,userid);
if tonumber(userExists)==1 then 
  return 2;
end
local num= redis.call("get" ,qtkey);
if tonumber(num)<=0 then 
  return 0; 
else 
  redis.call("decr",qtkey);
  redis.call("sadd",usersKey,userid);
end
return 1;

你可能感兴趣的:(redis,redis,java,数据库)