目录
1 introduction
2 overview
3 Related work
3.1 Single-patch Mesh Parametrization
3.2 Global Mesh Parametrization
3.3 Signal-Specialized UV Maps
3.4 Mesh repairing
3.5 Alleviating the effect of seams
3.6 Packing of texture charts
4 Phases of the algorithms
4.1. Enumeration of candidate merge operations
4.2. Performing a merge operation
4.2.1. Initial alignment
4.2.2. Local UV re-optimization
4.2.3. Consistency Checks
4.3. Ranking of the candidate operations
4.4. Updating candidate operations
4.5. Atlas Repacking
4.6. Extension to Multiple Texture Sheets
5. Results
5.1 defragmentaion 实验
5.2 ablation study
5.2.1 local optimization (alpha 邻域)
5.2.2 greedy order
5.2.3 appeal score factors
5.3 Comparison against computing an entirely new UV-map
6. conclusions
- 模型不连续,高分辨率--不利于参数化(模型复杂)
- resample纹理图,导致纹理信息损失
- undistorted map--不关注
- 根据映射后UV坐标(0~1)对原始重建影像采样(三维顶点投影到视图,得到像素坐标(隐含一次采样),变换得到到UV纹理图)
- 渲染时,需要对纹理图再采样(到screen)
- 总结:视图-纹理图-屏幕渲染(两次采样:信息损失)
- 模型不规整
- Seam - visible(视觉上尽量不可见)
- 全局一致性
- [LI07] LEMPITSKY V., IVANOV D.: Seamless mosaicing of image-based texture maps. In Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR) (2007), IEEE Computer Society, pp. 1–6.
- [GWO∗10] GAL R., WEXLER Y., OFEK E., HOPPE H., COHEN-OR D.: Seamless montage for texturing models. Computer Graphics Forum 29, 2 (2010), 479–486.
- Texel 重复
- 渲染时,基于UV图,采样颜色值时,采用双线性插值,得到最终的渲染值
- 在seam边界处,由于存在空白区域,上述插值,会导致seam边界处的渲染值不一致,进一步使得接缝明显;
- 因此seam边界处的插值,要考虑空间邻接性,体现为:将空间邻接的texel重复备份,用于插值
- seam越长,备份数据越多
- [RNLL10] RAY N., NIVOLIERS V., LEFEBVRE S., LÉVY B.: Invisible seams. Computer Graphics Forum 29, 4 (2010), 1489–1496.
除第一个问题,其他都是渲染方面的问题??
- [FH05] FLOATER M. S., HORMANN K.: Surface parameterization: a tutorial and survey. In Advances in Multiresolution for Geometric Modelling (Berlin, Heidelberg, 2005), Dodgson N. A., Floater M. S., Sabin M. A., (Eds.), Springer Berlin Heidelberg, pp. 157–186.
- [SPR∗07] SHEFFER A., PRAUN E., ROSE K., ET AL.: Mesh parameterization methods and their applications. Foundations and Trends R in Computer Graphics and Vision 2, 2 (2007), 105–171.
- [HPS08] HORMANN K., POLTHIER K., SHEFFER A.: Mesh parameterization: Theory and practice. In ACM SIGGRAPH ASIA 2008 Courses (2008), SIGGRAPH Asia ’08.
- [LZX∗08] LIU L., ZHANG L., XU Y., GOTSMAN C., GORTLER S. J.: A local/global approach to mesh parameterization. Computer Graphics Forum 27, 5 (2008), 1495–1504.
- [SA07] SORKINE O., ALEXA M.: As-rigid-as-possible surface modeling. In Proceedings of the Fifth Eurographics Symposium on Geometry Processing (2007), SGP ’07, pp. 109–116.
- [RPPSH17] RABINOVICH M., PORANNE R., PANOZZO D., SORKINEHORNUNG O.: Scalable locally injective mappings. ACMTrans. Graph. 36, 2 (2017).
- 难点:seam的衡量
- 本文: [MPCT20]:[MPCT20] MAGGIORDOMO A., PONCHIO F., CIGNONI P., TARINI M.: Real-world textured things: A repository of textured models generated with modern photo-reconstruction tools. Computer Aided Geometric Design 83 (2020).
- [LKK∗18] LI M., KAUFMAN D. M., KIM V. G., SOLOMON J., SHEFFER A.: Optcuts: Joint optimization of surface cuts and parameterization. ACMTrans. Graph. 37, 6 (2018).
- [SWB98] SLOAN P.-P. J., WEINSTEIN D. M., BREDERSON J.: Importance driven texture coordinate optimization. Computer Graphics Forum 17, 3 (1998), 97–104.
- [SGSH02] SANDER P. V., GORTLER S. J., SNYDER J., HOPPE H.: Signal-specialized parametrization. In Proceedings of the 13th Eurographics Workshop on Rendering (2002), EGRW ’02, Eurographics Association, pp. 87–98.
- [BTB02] BALMELLI L., TAUBIN G., BERNARDINI F.: Space-optimized texture maps. In Computer Graphics Forum (2002), vol. 21, pp. 411– 420.
- [[SWG∗03] SANDER P. V., WOOD Z. J., GORTLER S. J., SNYDER J., HOPPE H.: Multi-chart geometry images. In Proceedings of the 2003 Eurographics/ACM SIGGRAPH Symposium on Geometry Processing (2003), SGP ’03, Eurographics Association, p. 146â ˘A¸S155.] LIU S., FERGUSON Z., JACOBSON A., GINGOLD Y.: Seamless: Seam erasure and seam-aware decoupling of shape from mesh resolution. ACMTrans. Graph. 36, 6 (2017).
- 不同点:
- 参考文献只考虑了 visual artifacts
- 参考文献的实验数据,是小规模mesh,摄影测量的模型是大规模的&& 复杂的
- [LPRM02] LÉVY B., PETITJEAN S., RAY N., MAILLOT J.: Least squares conformal maps for automatic texture atlas generation. ACM Trans. Graph. 21, 3 (2002), 362–371.
- [SWG∗03] SANDER P. V., WOOD Z. J., GORTLER S. J., SNYDER J., HOPPE H.: Multi-chart geometry images. In Proceedings of the 2003 Eurographics/ACM SIGGRAPH Symposium on Geometry Processing (2003), SGP ’03, Eurographics Association, p. 146â ˘A¸S155.
- [NS11] NÖLL T., STRIEKER D.: Efficient packing of arbitrary shaped charts for automatic texture atlas generation. Computer Graphics Forum 30, 4 (2011), 1309–1317.
- merge(re-optimazation)耗时,优先merge成功率高的
- merge间相互影响,顺序很重要
- 体现merge成功率
- 符合本文两大核心(seam 短;保留原始distortion/map)
- Merge的对象是以UV坐标(0~1)表示的二维面片
- merge前后的对象,都需要对应到纹理图(像素空间)
- Tri1(merge前)---纹理图采样1---纹理像素1
- Tri2(merge后)---纹理图采样2---纹理像素2
- 若tri1 && tri2之间相差90°整数倍旋转/平移/水平 && 垂直翻转 则相同纹理图像素分辨率条件下,纹理图采样1&&2等效,纹理像素1&&2只相差90°整数倍旋转/平移/翻转(纹理像素快size/shape一致)
- 此时,可以避免纹理像素1->2过程中,由于采样1 &&2导致的信号损失
- ps:三维模型渲染过程的纹理采样
- 屏幕像素---屏幕采样--Tri(3d)--Tri(2d)---纹理图采样--纹理像素
- 每个chart内的tri,若能刚性变换,恢复零碎纹理图中(原始)uv位置,标记并记录旋转角度angle1,2,3…
- 对某个chart,记角度seta(个人理解 seta = angle1+n1*90° = angle2+n2*90°=…=angle_m+n_m*90°),使得m个三角面片占chart面积比(r)尽可能大--本文,采用3D area占比来代替2D area
- 若r大于阈值(本文5%),则上述m个三角面片(2D)被视作preserved,该chart被视作constrainted,在packing算法中,该chart整体的旋转分量为 k*90°-seta
- 影响因素:
- 结论:merge成功越多,resample也越多
- [LPRM02] LÉVY B., PETITJEAN S., RAY N., MAILLOT J.: Least squares conformal maps for automatic texture atlas generation. ACM Trans. Graph. 21, 3 (2002), 362–371.
- [SWG∗03] SANDER P. V., WOOD Z. J., GORTLER S. J., SNYDER J., HOPPE H.: Multi-chart geometry images. In Proceedings of the 2003 Eurographics/ACM SIGGRAPH Symposium on Geometry Processing (2003), SGP ’03, Eurographics Association, p. 146â ˘A¸S155.
- Preserved:直接copy from the 原始纹理图像素值
- 其他:逐像素(取像素中心)计算新的uv坐标--变换对应到到旧的uv坐标(由顶点确定变换对应关系),再采样(从uv坐标采样纹理像素值,可能涉及到(双线性)插值)
- 之前实现了另一个版本:同于新旧uv坐标分别像素化,两个像素块进行仿射变换,从旧的纹理像素值获得新纹理图的像素值——二者貌似不同,后者似乎没有涉及到采样插值
- 本文:从使用的纹理像素中进行extend && blend
- Push-pull算法:[GGSC96]
- 目的/意义:contain the bleeding artifacts at any MIP-map level.
- [MPCT20].--不同重建 tool
- inconsistencies such as nonmanifoldness, non-coherent face orientation, degenerate faces
- Texture: multiple image files
- Packing: padding 4 -pixel --> 8 pixel apart (chart)
- 意义:保证了MIP-mapping level two--correct filtering
- Mip-mapping---然而一些原始零碎纹理图没有padding
- http://Mip映射(Mip-mapping)_百度百科
- https://www.techopedia.com/definition/27195/mip-mapping-mipmapping
- http://wiki.polycount.com/wiki/Mip_mapping
- 根据景深,调整模型纹理贴图的大小(近大远小),节约资源
- 合并后,chart变大,packing变难
- [SPSH∗17] SHTENGEL A., PORANNE R., SORKINE-HORNUNG O., KOVALSKY S. Z., LIPMAN Y.: Geometric optimization via composite majorization. ACMTrans. Graph. 36, 4 (2017).
- [JSP17] JIANG Z., SCHAEFER S., PANOZZO D.: Simplicial complex augmentation framework for bijective maps. ACM Trans. Graph. 36, 6 (2017).
- Local optimization 中融入 avoid re-sample 约束
- 可能会比较难,但是最近有些数值研究可以参考
- [PTH∗17, LKK∗18].
- [LKK∗18] LI M., KAUFMAN D. M., KIM V. G., SOLOMON J., SHEFFER A.: Optcuts: Joint optimization of surface cuts and parameterization. ACMTrans. Graph. 37, 6 (2018).
- [PTH∗17] PORANNE R., TARINI M., HUBER S., PANOZZO D., SORKINE-HORNUNG O.: Autocuts: Simultaneous distortion and cut optimization for uv mapping. ACMTrans. Graph. 36, 6 (2017).
- 大量冗余图片,不适用,不懂??
- 不适用可以利用超分辨率技术提高纹理质量的情景(我的理解是,如果能用超分辨率提高纹理质量,那么就可以直接re-parametrization)
- 也不适用于需要对纹理图像进行降采样的情况(原始重建影像是高分辨率影像)??不懂--In both(b,c) cases, the benefit of inheriting the input texel distribution is diminished (although the reliability and robustness of the proposed method would still be an advantage).
MeshLab 2021.05 is out! · Discussion #992 · cnr-isti-vclab/meshlab · GitHub
https://github.com/cnr-isti-vclab/meshlab/releases
体验其在meshlab中的实验,参考meshlab中代码实现 是否与开源一样,是否有关于加速优化等东西可以借鉴