Ubuntu 安装 OpenCV 4.5.5
换源（可选）
换个源，加快下载速度。
sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bak
sudo gedit /etc/apt/sources.list
清华源
# 默认注释了源码镜像以提高 apt update 速度，如有需要可自行取消注释
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse
阿里源
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse
中科大源
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
网易163源
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ focal-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ focal-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse
华为源
deb http://repo.huaweicloud.com/ubuntu/ focal main restricted
# deb-src http://repo.huaweicloud.com/ubuntu/ focal main restricted
deb http://repo.huaweicloud.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted
# deb-src http://repo.huaweicloud.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted
deb http://repo.huaweicloud.com/ubuntu/ focal universe
# deb-src http://repo.huaweicloud.com/ubuntu/ focal universe
deb http://repo.huaweicloud.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates universe
# deb-src http://repo.huaweicloud.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates universe
deb http://repo.huaweicloud.com/ubuntu/ focal multiverse
# deb-src http://repo.huaweicloud.com/ubuntu/ focal multiverse
deb http://repo.huaweicloud.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates multiverse
# deb-src http://repo.huaweicloud.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates multiverse
deb http://repo.huaweicloud.com/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src http://repo.huaweicloud.com/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://repo.huaweicloud.com/ubuntu focal-security main restricted
# deb-src http://repo.huaweicloud.com/ubuntu focal-security main restricted
deb http://repo.huaweicloud.com/ubuntu focal-security universe
# deb-src http://repo.huaweicloud.com/ubuntu focal-security universe
deb http://repo.huaweicloud.com/ubuntu focal-security multiverse
# deb-src http://repo.huaweicloud.com/ubuntu focal-security multiverse
换源后操作
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade
update 和 upgrade 的区别：apt-get update 用于更新可获取软件及其版本信息，但仅仅给出一个可更新的list，具体更新软件操作需要通过 apt-get upgrad 命令。若不想更新应用，只执行 update 即可。
下载 OpenCV 4.5.5 源码
https://github.com/opencv/opencv/releases/tag/4.5.5
wget https://github.com/opencv/opencv/archive/refs/tags/4.5.5.zip
环境准备
解压
如果是虚拟机，请勿在共享文件夹内进行操作。
unzip opencv-4.5.5.zip
安装依赖
sudo apt-get install cmake
sudo apt-get install build-essential libgtk2.0-dev libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libjpeg-dev libswscale-dev libtiff5-dev
sudo apt-get install libgtk2.0-dev
sudo apt-get install pkg-config
编译安装
在 opencv-4.5.5 文件夹中建立名为 build的文件夹，在build 目录下执行 cmake 和 make。
mkdir build
cd build
cmake -D WITH_TBB=ON -D WITH_EIGEN=ON -D OPENCV_GENERATE_PKGCONFIG=ON -D BUILD_DOCS=ON -D BUILD_TESTS=OFF -D BUILD_PERF_TESTS=OFF -D BUILD_EXAMPLES=OFF -D WITH_OPENCL=OFF -D WITH_CUDA=OFF -D BUILD_opencv_gpu=OFF -D BUILD_opencv_gpuarithm=OFF -D BUILD_opencv_gpubgsegm=O -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=RELEASE -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local ..
make -j8
sudo make install
环境配置
动态库配置
sudo gedit /etc/ld.so.conf.d/opencv.conf
添加
/usr/local/lib
保存后，终端内执行
sudo ldconfig
更新 PKG_CONFIG_PATH
sudo gedit /etc/bash.bashrc
文末添加
PKG_CONFIG_PATH=$PKG_CONFIG_PATH:/usr/local/lib/pkgconfig
export PKG_CONFIG_PATH
保存后，终端执行
source /etc/bash.bashrc
sudo updatedb
若出现
sudo: updatedb: command not found，执行sudo apt install mlocate后再次操作即可。
验证
pkg-config
pkg-config --modversion opencv4
程序验证
代码
test.cpp
#include
#include
#include
#include
using namespace cv;
using namespace std;
/**
* 读写与显示
* @return
*/
int main() {
cout << CV_VERSION << endl;
Mat src = cv::imread("image/lena.tif", IMREAD_GRAYSCALE);
if (src.empty()) {
cout << "Could not load image\n" << endl;
return -1;
}
namedWindow("gray", WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
imshow("gray", src);
waitKey(0);
imwrite("../image/lena_scale.tif", src);
return 0;
}
CMakeLists.txt
cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.16)
project(test)
find_package(OpenCV REQUIRED)
add_executable(test test.cpp)
target_link_libraries(test ${OpenCV_LIBS})
编译
cmake .
make
运行
