Python调用window API

1. 截图

'''实现屏幕截图'''
import win32gui, win32ui, win32con, win32api, win32com
import time

def get_window_pos(name):
    name = name
    handle = win32gui.FindWindow(0, name)
    
    # 获取窗口句柄
    if handle == 0:
        return None
    else:
        # 返回坐标值和handle
        return win32gui.GetWindowRect(handle), handle
    

def window_capture(hwnd, filename):
    # 根据窗口句柄获取窗口的设备上下文DC（Divice Context）
    hwndDC = win32gui.GetWindowDC(hwnd)
    # 根据窗口的DC获取mfcDC
    mfcDC = win32ui.CreateDCFromHandle(hwndDC)
    # mfcDC创建可兼容的DC
    saveDC = mfcDC.CreateCompatibleDC()
    # 创建bigmap准备保存图片
    saveBitMap = win32ui.CreateBitmap()
    # 获取监控器信息
    MoniterDev = win32api.EnumDisplayMonitors(None, None)
    w = MoniterDev[0][2][2]
    h = MoniterDev[0][2][3]
    # print w,h　　　#图片大小
    # 为bitmap开辟空间
    saveBitMap.CreateCompatibleBitmap(mfcDC, w, h)
    # 高度saveDC，将截图保存到saveBitmap中
    saveDC.SelectObject(saveBitMap)
    # 截取从左上角（0，0）长宽为（w，h）的图片
    saveDC.BitBlt((0, 0), (w, h), mfcDC, (0, 0), win32con.SRCCOPY)
    saveBitMap.SaveBitmapFile(saveDC, filename)
    
    # 释放内存！这一步很重要！
    win32gui.DeleteObject(saveBitMap.GetHandle())
    saveDC.DeleteDC()
    mfcDC.DeleteDC()
    win32gui.ReleaseDC(hwnd,hwndDC)


if __name__ == '__main__':

    hWnd_location, hWnd = get_window_pos('同花顺(v8.90.91) - 1号方案')   ## '同花顺(v8.90.91) - 1号方案'为待获取句柄的名字

    print(hWnd_location)
	# 将程序界面置顶
    win32gui.SendMessage(hWnd, win32con.WM_SYSCOMMAND, win32con.SC_RESTORE, 0)  # 这句很重要，这句可以保证将句柄置到前端
    win32gui.SetForegroundWindow(hWnd)
    
    # 最大化程序界面
    win32gui.ShowWindow(hWnd, win32con.SW_SHOWMAXIMIZED)
    # win32gui.ShowWindow(hWnd, win32con.SW_SHOWMINIMIZED)    # 最小化程序界面

    time.sleep(1)
    window_capture(hWnd, "1.png")

2. 获取所有句柄及窗口名称

'''获取所有句柄及窗口名称''' 
import win32gui

hwnd_title = dict()

def get_all_hwnd(hwnd,mouse):
    if win32gui.IsWindow(hwnd) and win32gui.IsWindowEnabled(hwnd) and win32gui.IsWindowVisible(hwnd):
        hwnd_title.update({hwnd:win32gui.GetWindowText(hwnd)})
win32gui.EnumWindows(get_all_hwnd, 0)
 
for h,t in hwnd_title.items():
    if t is not "":
        print(h, t)

3. 根据进程标题名称隐藏运行进程

import win32gui
 
from win32.lib import win32con
 
 
 
def handle_window(hwnd, extra):
	if win32gui.IsWindowVisible(hwnd):
 
		if '需要隐藏的程序标题名称' in win32gui.GetWindowText(hwnd):
			win32gui.ShowWindow(hwnd, win32con.SW_HIDE)
 
 
if __name__ == '__main__':
	win32gui.EnumWindows(handle_window, None)
 
 
# win32gui.EnumWindows(枚举函数名称, None) 语句是进行句柄ID枚举 
# win32gui.GetWindowText(句柄ID) 语句是通过句柄ID来获取进程名称
# win32gui.IsWindowVisible(句柄ID) 语句是查询此句柄ID是否存在，存在返回1 否则返回0
# win32gui.ShowWindow(句柄ID, win32con.SW_HIDE) 语句是通过指定句柄ID来隐藏进程

4. 根据程序名称来获取进程PID，然后通过PID杀掉进程

import win32gui
import win32process
import psutil
 
 
 
def handle_window(hwnd, extra):
	if win32gui.IsWindowVisible(hwnd):
 
		if '程序标题' in win32gui.GetWindowText(hwnd):               # 判断是否符合
			_,PID = win32process.GetWindowThreadProcessId(hwnd)     # 通过句柄ID查询进程PID（第0个元素不管，第1个元素是PID）
			p = psutil.Process(PID)                                 # 实例化PID
			p.terminate()                                           # 关闭PID进程
 
 
if __name__ in "__main__":
    win32gui.EnumWindows(handle_window, None)                           # 通过句柄ID查询PID并关闭PID

5. 根据PID查询，返回句柄ID

import win32gui
import win32process
 
def get_hwnds_for_pid(pid):
	# 通过PID查询句柄ID
	def callback(hwnd, hwnds):
		if win32gui.IsWindowVisible(hwnd) and win32gui.IsWindowEnabled(hwnd):
			_, found_pid = win32process.GetWindowThreadProcessId(hwnd)
			if found_pid == pid:
				hwnds.append(hwnd)
			return True
 
	hwnds = []
	win32gui.EnumWindows(callback, hwnds)
	hwndy = 0
	if hwnds:
		hwndy = hwnds[0]
 
	return hwndy
 
 
if __name__ in "__main__":
    get_hwnds_for_pid(传入PID值)  # 传入PID值后返回句柄ID

6. 根据进程的模糊名字获取其完整名字

import win32gui

hwnd_title = dict()

def get_all_hwnd(hwnd,mouse):
    if win32gui.IsWindow(hwnd) and win32gui.IsWindowEnabled(hwnd) and win32gui.IsWindowVisible(hwnd):
        hwnd_title.update({hwnd:win32gui.GetWindowText(hwnd)})
win32gui.EnumWindows(get_all_hwnd, 0)

THS_name = ''
for h,t in hwnd_title.items():
    if str(t).find('同花顺')!=-1:
        THS_name = t

print(THS_name)

7. 封装的接口

import win32gui, win32ui, win32con, win32api, win32com
import pythoncom
import win32com.client

class Win_api_handler():
    def __init__(self, name):
        self.name = name
    
    
    def _get_window_pos(self, name):
        handle = win32gui.FindWindow(0, name)
        
        # 获取窗口句柄
        if handle == 0:
            return None
        else:
            # 返回坐标值和handle
            return win32gui.GetWindowRect(handle), handle
    
    
    def get_hwnd(self):
        '''
        	获取窗口句柄
        '''
        hWnd_location, hWnd = self._get_window_pos(self.name)
        
        return hWnd
    
    
    def set_foregroundwindow(self):
        '''
        	窗口置顶
        '''
        hWnd_location, hWnd = self._get_window_pos(self.name)
        
        if hWnd == None:
            print('未找到该句柄')
            return hWnd
        
        pythoncom.CoInitialize()
        shell = win32com.client.Dispatch("WScript.Shell")
        shell.SendKeys('%')
        
        win32gui.SendMessage(hWnd, win32con.WM_SYSCOMMAND, win32con.SC_RESTORE, 0)
        win32gui.SetForegroundWindow(hWnd)
        win32gui.ShowWindow(hWnd, win32con.SW_SHOWMAXIMIZED)  # 最大化程序界面
        
        return hWnd
    
    
    def window_capture(self, hwnd, filename):
        '''
        	截图
        '''
        # hwnd = 0  # 窗口的编号，0号表示当前活跃窗口
        # 根据窗口句柄获取窗口的设备上下文DC（Divice Context）
        hwndDC = win32gui.GetWindowDC(hwnd)
        # 根据窗口的DC获取mfcDC
        mfcDC = win32ui.CreateDCFromHandle(hwndDC)
        # mfcDC创建可兼容的DC
        saveDC = mfcDC.CreateCompatibleDC()
        # 创建bigmap准备保存图片
        saveBitMap = win32ui.CreateBitmap()
        # 获取监控器信息
        MoniterDev = win32api.EnumDisplayMonitors(None, None)
        w = MoniterDev[0][2][2]
        h = MoniterDev[0][2][3]
        # print w,h　　　#图片大小
        # 为bitmap开辟空间
        saveBitMap.CreateCompatibleBitmap(mfcDC, w, h)
        # 高度saveDC，将截图保存到saveBitmap中
        saveDC.SelectObject(saveBitMap)
        # 截取从左上角（0，0）长宽为（w，h）的图片
        saveDC.BitBlt((0, 0), (w, h), mfcDC, (0, 0), win32con.SRCCOPY)
        saveBitMap.SaveBitmapFile(saveDC, filename)

        # 释放内存
        win32gui.DeleteObject(saveBitMap.GetHandle())
        saveDC.DeleteDC()
        mfcDC.DeleteDC()
        win32gui.ReleaseDC(hwnd,hwndDC)