提笔写春秋
提笔写春秋

k8s——创建YAML和JSON格式资源对象与port详解

这里写目录标题

  • 1.创建资源对象方法
    • 1.1 JSON格式
    • 1.2 YAML格式
    • 1.3 查看api-versions
    • 1.4 创建yaml文件
    • 1.5 使用yaml文件创建文件
    • 1.6 创建service的yaml文件
    • 1.7 使用service的yaml文件创建服务
    • 1.8 自动测试命令的正确性，并不执行创建
    • 1.9 查看生成yaml格式、json格式
    • 1.10 将现有资源导出为yaml文件
    • 1.11 将现有资源生成模板
    • 1.12 将现有的资源生成模板输出展示并保存到文件中
    • 1.13 查看字段帮助信息
  • 2. 详解k8s中的port

1.创建资源对象方法

Kubernetes支持YAML和JSON格式创建资源对象

1.1 JSON格式

JSON格式用于接口之间消息的传递

1.2 YAML格式

YAML格式用于配置和管理
YAML是一种简洁的非标记性语言
语法格式：
缩进标识层级关系
不支持制表符缩进，使用空格缩进
通常开头缩进两个空格
字符后缩进一个空格，如冒号，逗号，短横杆等
“—”表示YAML格式，一个文件的开始
“#”表示注释

1.3 查看api-versions

[root@master01 ~]# kubectl api-versions
admissionregistration.k8s.io/v1beta1
apiextensions.k8s.io/v1beta1
apiregistration.k8s.io/v1
apiregistration.k8s.io/v1beta1
apps/v1
apps/v1beta1
apps/v1beta2
authentication.k8s.io/v1
authentication.k8s.io/v1beta1
authorization.k8s.io/v1
authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1
autoscaling/v1
autoscaling/v2beta1
autoscaling/v2beta2
batch/v1
batch/v1beta1
certificates.k8s.io/v1beta1
coordination.k8s.io/v1beta1
events.k8s.io/v1beta1
extensions/v1beta1
networking.k8s.io/v1
policy/v1beta1
rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1
scheduling.k8s.io/v1beta1
storage.k8s.io/v1
storage.k8s.io/v1beta1
v1

1.4 创建yaml文件

[root@master01 ~]# mkdir demo
[root@master01 ~]# cd demo/
[root@master01 demo]# vim nginx-deployment.yaml   #创建deployment的yaml文件
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: nginx-deployment
  labels:
    app: nginx
spec:
  replicas: 3
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: nginx
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: nginx
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: nginx
        image: nginx:1.15.4
        ports:
        - containerPort: 80

1.5 使用yaml文件创建文件

[root@master01 demo]# kubectl create --help
Create a resource from a file or from stdin. 

JSON and YAML formats are accepted.

Examples:
  # Create a pod using the data in pod.json.
  kubectl create -f ./pod.json
  
  # Create a pod based on the JSON passed into stdin.
  cat pod.json | kubectl create -f -
  
  # Edit the data in docker-registry.yaml in JSON then create the resource using
the edited data.
  kubectl create -f docker-registry.yaml --edit -o json

Available Commands:
  clusterrole         Create a ClusterRole.
  clusterrolebinding  为一个指定的 ClusterRole 创建一个
ClusterRoleBinding
  configmap           从本地 file, directory 或者 literal value
创建一个 configmap
  deployment          创建一个指定名称的 deployment.
  job                 Create a job with the specified name.
  namespace           创建一个指定名称的 namespace
  poddisruptionbudget 创建一个指定名称的 pod disruption budget.
  priorityclass       Create a priorityclass with the specified name.
  quota               创建一个指定名称的 quota.
  role                Create a role with single rule.
  rolebinding         为一个指定的 Role 或者 ClusterRole创建一个
RoleBinding
  secret              使用指定的 subcommand 创建一个 secret
  service             使用指定的 subcommand 创建一个 service.
  serviceaccount      创建一个指定名称的 service account

Options:
      --allow-missing-template-keys=true: If true, ignore any errors in
templates when a field or map key is missing in the template. Only applies to
golang and jsonpath output formats.
      --dry-run=false: If true, only print the object that would be sent,
without sending it.
      --edit=false: Edit the API resource before creating
  -f, --filename=[]: Filename, directory, or URL to files to use to create the
resource
  -o, --output='': Output format. One of:
json|yaml|name|template|go-template|go-template-file|templatefile|jsonpath|jsonpath-file.
      --raw='': Raw URI to POST to the server.  Uses the transport specified by
the kubeconfig file.
      --record=false: Record current kubectl command in the resource annotation.
If set to false, do not record the command. If set to true, record the command.
If not set, default to updating the existing annotation value only if one
already exists.
  -R, --recursive=false: Process the directory used in -f, --filename
recursively. Useful when you want to manage related manifests organized within
the same directory.
      --save-config=false: If true, the configuration of current object will be
saved in its annotation. Otherwise, the annotation will be unchanged. This flag
is useful when you want to perform kubectl apply on this object in the future.
  -l, --selector='': Selector (label query) to filter on, supports '=', '==',
and '!='.(e.g. -l key1=value1,key2=value2)
      --template='': Template string or path to template file to use when
-o=go-template, -o=go-template-file. The template format is golang templates
[http://golang.org/pkg/text/template/#pkg-overview].
      --validate=true: If true, use a schema to validate the input before
sending it
      --windows-line-endings=false: Only relevant if --edit=true. Defaults to
the line ending native to your platform.

Usage:
  kubectl create -f FILENAME [options]

Use "kubectl  --help" for more information about a given command.
Use "kubectl options" for a list of global command-line options (applies to all
commands).

创建

[root@master01 demo]#  kubectl create -f nginx-deployment.yaml 
deployment.apps/nginx-deployment created
[root@master01 demo]# kubectl get pods -w
nginx-deployment-d55b94fd-k7p8h   0/1     ContainerCreating   0          4s
nginx-deployment-d55b94fd-lsz84   0/1     ContainerCreating   0          4s
nginx-deployment-d55b94fd-wnlqm   0/1     ContainerCreating   0          4s
nginx-deployment-d55b94fd-k7p8h   1/1   Running   0     15s
nginx-deployment-d55b94fd-wnlqm   1/1   Running   0     18s
nginx-deployment-d55b94fd-lsz84   1/1   Running   0     34s

1.6 创建service的yaml文件

[root@master01 demo]# vim nginx-service.yaml
apiVersion: v1  
kind: Service  
metadata:
  name: nginx-service
  labels:
    app: nginx  
spec:
  type: NodePort  
  ports:
  - port: 80
    targetPort: 80  
  selector:
    app: nginx

1.7 使用service的yaml文件创建服务

[root@master01 demo]# kubectl create -f nginx-service.yaml 
service/nginx-service created
[root@master01 demo]# kubectl get svc
NAME            TYPE        CLUSTER-IP   EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)        AGE
kubernetes      ClusterIP   10.0.0.1             443/TCP        4d7h
nginx-service   NodePort    10.0.0.219           80:31003/TCP   26s

1.8 自动测试命令的正确性，并不执行创建

[root@master01 demo]# kubectl run nginx-deployment --image=nginx --port=80 --replicas=3 --dry-run
kubectl run --generator=deployment/apps.v1beta1 is DEPRECATED and will be removed in a future version. Use kubectl create instead.
deployment.apps/nginx-deployment created (dry run)

1.9 查看生成yaml格式、json格式

查看生成yaml格式

[root@master01 demo]# kubectl run nginx-deployment --image=nginx --port=80 --replicas=3 --dry-run -o yaml
kubectl run --generator=deployment/apps.v1beta1 is DEPRECATED and will be removed in a future version. Use kubectl create instead.
apiVersion: apps/v1beta1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  creationTimestamp: null
  labels:
    run: nginx-deployment
  name: nginx-deployment
spec:
  replicas: 3
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      run: nginx-deployment
  strategy: {}
  template:
    metadata:
      creationTimestamp: null
      labels:
        run: nginx-deployment
    spec:
      containers:
      - image: nginx
        name: nginx-deployment
        ports:
        - containerPort: 80
        resources: {}
status: {}

查看生成json格式

[root@master01 demo]# kubectl run nginx-deployment --image=nginx --port=80 --replicas=3 --dry-run -o json
kubectl run --generator=deployment/apps.v1beta1 is DEPRECATED and will be removed in a future version. Use kubectl create instead.
{
    "kind": "Deployment",
    "apiVersion": "apps/v1beta1",
    "metadata": {
        "name": "nginx-deployment",
        "creationTimestamp": null,
        "labels": {
            "run": "nginx-deployment"
        }
    },
    "spec": {
        "replicas": 3,
        "selector": {
            "matchLabels": {
                "run": "nginx-deployment"
            }
        },
        "template": {
            "metadata": {
                "creationTimestamp": null,
                "labels": {
                    "run": "nginx-deployment"
                }
            },
            "spec": {
                "containers": [
                    {
                        "name": "nginx-deployment",
                        "image": "nginx",
                        "ports": [
                            {
                                "containerPort": 80
                            }
                        ],
                        "resources": {}
                    }
                ]
            }
        },
        "strategy": {}
    },
    "status": {}
}

1.10 将现有资源导出为yaml文件

生成yaml格式并导出

[root@master01 demo]# kubectl run nginx-deployment --image=nginx --port=80 --replicas=3 --dry-run -o yaml > my-deployment.yaml
kubectl run --generator=deployment/apps.v1beta1 is DEPRECATED and will be removed in a future version. Use kubectl create instead.
[root@master01 demo]# ls
my-deployment.yaml  nginx-deployment.yaml  nginx-service.yaml
[root@master01 demo]# vim my-deployment.yaml 
apiVersion: apps/v1beta1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  creationTimestamp: null
  labels:
    run: nginx-deployment
  name: nginx-deployment
spec:
  replicas: 3
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      run: nginx-deployment
  strategy: {}
  template:
    metadata:
      creationTimestamp: null
      labels:
        run: nginx-deployment
    spec:
      containers:
      - image: nginx
        name: nginx-deployment
        ports:
        - containerPort: 80
        resources: {}
status: {}

1.11 将现有资源生成模板

[root@master01 demo]#  kubectl get deploy/nginx --export -o yaml   #将现有的资源生成模板输出展示
Error from server (NotFound): deployments.extensions "nginx" not found
[root@master01 demo]# kubectl get all
NAME                                  READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
pod/nginx-deployment-d55b94fd-84x8c   1/1     Running   0          10m
pod/nginx-deployment-d55b94fd-xsh5q   1/1     Running   0          10m
pod/nginx-deployment-d55b94fd-zsb6p   1/1     Running   0          10m

NAME                    TYPE        CLUSTER-IP   EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)        AGE
service/kubernetes      ClusterIP   10.0.0.1             443/TCP        4d7h
service/nginx-service   NodePort    10.0.0.219           80:31003/TCP   8m53s

NAME                               DESIRED   CURRENT   UP-TO-DATE   AVAILABLE   AGE
deployment.apps/nginx-deployment   3         3         3            3           10m

NAME                                        DESIRED   CURRENT   READY   AGE
replicaset.apps/nginx-deployment-d55b94fd   3         3         3       10m
[root@master01 demo]#  kubectl get deploy/nginx-deployment --export -o yaml
apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  annotations:
    deployment.kubernetes.io/revision: "1"
  creationTimestamp: null
  generation: 1
  labels:
    app: nginx
  name: nginx-deployment
  selfLink: /apis/extensions/v1beta1/namespaces/default/deployments/nginx-deployment
spec:
  progressDeadlineSeconds: 600
  replicas: 3
  revisionHistoryLimit: 10
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: nginx
  strategy:
    rollingUpdate:
      maxSurge: 25%
      maxUnavailable: 25%
    type: RollingUpdate
  template:
    metadata:
      creationTimestamp: null
      labels:
        app: nginx
    spec:
      containers:
      - image: nginx:1.15.4
        imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
        name: nginx
        ports:
        - containerPort: 80
          protocol: TCP
        resources: {}
        terminationMessagePath: /dev/termination-log
        terminationMessagePolicy: File
      dnsPolicy: ClusterFirst
      restartPolicy: Always
      schedulerName: default-scheduler
      securityContext: {}
      terminationGracePeriodSeconds: 30
status: {}

1.12 将现有的资源生成模板输出展示并保存到文件中

[root@master01 demo]#  kubectl get deploy/nginx --export -o yaml > my-deploy.yaml
[root@master01 demo]# ls
my-deployment.yaml  my-deploy.yaml  nginx-deployment.yaml  nginx-service.yaml

1.13 查看字段帮助信息

我们在写yaml文件时有一些不懂得可以通过下面的命令查看帮助

[root@master01 demo]# kubectl explain pods   # 查看pod下资源
KIND:     Pod
VERSION:  v1

DESCRIPTION:
     Pod is a collection of containers that can run on a host. This resource is
     created by clients and scheduled onto hosts.

FIELDS:
   apiVersion	
     APIVersion defines the versioned schema of this representation of an
     object. Servers should convert recognized schemas to the latest internal
     value, and may reject unrecognized values. More info:
     https://git.k8s.io/community/contributors/devel/api-conventions.md#resources

   kind	
     Kind is a string value representing the REST resource this object
     represents. Servers may infer this from the endpoint the client submits
     requests to. Cannot be updated. In CamelCase. More info:
     https://git.k8s.io/community/contributors/devel/api-conventions.md#types-kinds

   metadata	
     Standard object's metadata. More info:
     https://git.k8s.io/community/contributors/devel/api-conventions.md#metadata

   spec	
     Specification of the desired behavior of the pod. More info:
     https://git.k8s.io/community/contributors/devel/api-conventions.md#spec-and-status

   status	
     Most recently observed status of the pod. This data may not be up to date.
     Populated by the system. Read-only. More info:
     https://git.k8s.io/community/contributors/devel/api-conventions.md#spec-and-status

[root@master01 demo]# kubectl explain pods.spec   # 查看pod下spec资源
KIND:     Pod
VERSION:  v1

RESOURCE: spec 

DESCRIPTION:
     Specification of the desired behavior of the pod. More info:
     https://git.k8s.io/community/contributors/devel/api-conventions.md#spec-and-status

     PodSpec is a description of a pod.

FIELDS:
   activeDeadlineSeconds	
     Optional duration in seconds the pod may be active on the node relative to
     StartTime before the system will actively try to mark it failed and kill
     associated containers. Value must be a positive integer.

   affinity	
     If specified, the pod's scheduling constraints

   automountServiceAccountToken	
     AutomountServiceAccountToken indicates whether a service account token
     should be automatically mounted.

   containers	<[]Object> -required-
     List of containers belonging to the pod. Containers cannot currently be
     added or removed. There must be at least one container in a Pod. Cannot be
     updated.

   dnsConfig	
     Specifies the DNS parameters of a pod. Parameters specified here will be
     merged to the generated DNS configuration based on DNSPolicy.

   dnsPolicy	
     Set DNS policy for the pod. Defaults to "ClusterFirst". Valid values are
     'ClusterFirstWithHostNet', 'ClusterFirst', 'Default' or 'None'. DNS
     parameters given in DNSConfig will be merged with the policy selected with
     DNSPolicy. To have DNS options set along with hostNetwork, you have to
     specify DNS policy explicitly to 'ClusterFirstWithHostNet'.

   hostAliases	<[]Object>
     HostAliases is an optional list of hosts and IPs that will be injected into
     the pod's hosts file if specified. This is only valid for non-hostNetwork
     pods.

   hostIPC	
     Use the host's ipc namespace. Optional: Default to false.

   hostNetwork	
     Host networking requested for this pod. Use the host's network namespace.
     If this option is set, the ports that will be used must be specified.
     Default to false.

   hostPID	
     Use the host's pid namespace. Optional: Default to false.

   hostname	
     Specifies the hostname of the Pod If not specified, the pod's hostname will
     be set to a system-defined value.

   imagePullSecrets	<[]Object>
     ImagePullSecrets is an optional list of references to secrets in the same
     namespace to use for pulling any of the images used by this PodSpec. If
     specified, these secrets will be passed to individual puller
     implementations for them to use. For example, in the case of docker, only
     DockerConfig type secrets are honored. More info:
     https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/containers/images#specifying-imagepullsecrets-on-a-pod

   initContainers	<[]Object>
     List of initialization containers belonging to the pod. Init containers are
     executed in order prior to containers being started. If any init container
     fails, the pod is considered to have failed and is handled according to its
     restartPolicy. The name for an init container or normal container must be
     unique among all containers. Init containers may not have Lifecycle
     actions, Readiness probes, or Liveness probes. The resourceRequirements of
     an init container are taken into account during scheduling by finding the
     highest request/limit for each resource type, and then using the max of of
     that value or the sum of the normal containers. Limits are applied to init
     containers in a similar fashion. Init containers cannot currently be added
     or removed. Cannot be updated. More info:
     https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/workloads/pods/init-containers/

   nodeName	
     NodeName is a request to schedule this pod onto a specific node. If it is
     non-empty, the scheduler simply schedules this pod onto that node, assuming
     that it fits resource requirements.

   nodeSelector	
     NodeSelector is a selector which must be true for the pod to fit on a node.
     Selector which must match a node's labels for the pod to be scheduled on
     that node. More info:
     https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/configuration/assign-pod-node/

   priority	
     The priority value. Various system components use this field to find the
     priority of the pod. When Priority Admission Controller is enabled, it
     prevents users from setting this field. The admission controller populates
     this field from PriorityClassName. The higher the value, the higher the
     priority.

   priorityClassName	
     If specified, indicates the pod's priority. "system-node-critical" and
     "system-cluster-critical" are two special keywords which indicate the
     highest priorities with the former being the highest priority. Any other
     name must be defined by creating a PriorityClass object with that name. If
     not specified, the pod priority will be default or zero if there is no
     default.

   readinessGates	<[]Object>
     If specified, all readiness gates will be evaluated for pod readiness. A
     pod is ready when all its containers are ready AND all conditions specified
     in the readiness gates have status equal to "True" More info:
     https://github.com/kubernetes/community/blob/master/keps/sig-network/0007-pod-ready%2B%2B.md

   restartPolicy	
     Restart policy for all containers within the pod. One of Always, OnFailure,
     Never. Default to Always. More info:
     https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/workloads/pods/pod-lifecycle/#restart-policy

   runtimeClassName	
     RuntimeClassName refers to a RuntimeClass object in the node.k8s.io group,
     which should be used to run this pod. If no RuntimeClass resource matches
     the named class, the pod will not be run. If unset or empty, the "legacy"
     RuntimeClass will be used, which is an implicit class with an empty
     definition that uses the default runtime handler. More info:
     https://github.com/kubernetes/community/blob/master/keps/sig-node/0014-runtime-class.md
     This is an alpha feature and may change in the future.

   schedulerName	
     If specified, the pod will be dispatched by specified scheduler. If not
     specified, the pod will be dispatched by default scheduler.

   securityContext	
     SecurityContext holds pod-level security attributes and common container
     settings. Optional: Defaults to empty. See type description for default
     values of each field.

   serviceAccount	
     DeprecatedServiceAccount is a depreciated alias for ServiceAccountName.
     Deprecated: Use serviceAccountName instead.

   serviceAccountName	
     ServiceAccountName is the name of the ServiceAccount to use to run this
     pod. More info:
     https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/configure-pod-container/configure-service-account/

   shareProcessNamespace	
     Share a single process namespace between all of the containers in a pod.
     When this is set containers will be able to view and signal processes from
     other containers in the same pod, and the first process in each container
     will not be assigned PID 1. HostPID and ShareProcessNamespace cannot both
     be set. Optional: Default to false. This field is beta-level and may be
     disabled with the PodShareProcessNamespace feature.

   subdomain	
     If specified, the fully qualified Pod hostname will be
     "...svc.". If not
     specified, the pod will not have a domainname at all.

   terminationGracePeriodSeconds	
     Optional duration in seconds the pod needs to terminate gracefully. May be
     decreased in delete request. Value must be non-negative integer. The value
     zero indicates delete immediately. If this value is nil, the default grace
     period will be used instead. The grace period is the duration in seconds
     after the processes running in the pod are sent a termination signal and
     the time when the processes are forcibly halted with a kill signal. Set
     this value longer than the expected cleanup time for your process. Defaults
     to 30 seconds.

   tolerations	<[]Object>
     If specified, the pod's tolerations.

   volumes	<[]Object>
     List of volumes that can be mounted by containers belonging to the pod.
     More info: https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/storage/volumes
[root@master01 demo]# kubectl explain pods.spec.containers  # 查看pod下spec下containers资源
KIND:     Pod
VERSION:  v1

RESOURCE: containers <[]Object>

DESCRIPTION:
     List of containers belonging to the pod. Containers cannot currently be
     added or removed. There must be at least one container in a Pod. Cannot be
     updated.

     A single application container that you want to run within a pod.

FIELDS:
   args	<[]string>
     Arguments to the entrypoint. The docker image's CMD is used if this is not
     provided. Variable references $(VAR_NAME) are expanded using the
     container's environment. If a variable cannot be resolved, the reference in
     the input string will be unchanged. The $(VAR_NAME) syntax can be escaped
     with a double $$, ie: $$(VAR_NAME). Escaped references will never be
     expanded, regardless of whether the variable exists or not. Cannot be
     updated. More info:
     https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/inject-data-application/define-command-argument-container/#running-a-command-in-a-shell

   command	<[]string>
     Entrypoint array. Not executed within a shell. The docker image's
     ENTRYPOINT is used if this is not provided. Variable references $(VAR_NAME)
     are expanded using the container's environment. If a variable cannot be
     resolved, the reference in the input string will be unchanged. The
     $(VAR_NAME) syntax can be escaped with a double $$, ie: $$(VAR_NAME).
     Escaped references will never be expanded, regardless of whether the
     variable exists or not. Cannot be updated. More info:
     https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/inject-data-application/define-command-argument-container/#running-a-command-in-a-shell

   env	<[]Object>
     List of environment variables to set in the container. Cannot be updated.

   envFrom	<[]Object>
     List of sources to populate environment variables in the container. The
     keys defined within a source must be a C_IDENTIFIER. All invalid keys will
     be reported as an event when the container is starting. When a key exists
     in multiple sources, the value associated with the last source will take
     precedence. Values defined by an Env with a duplicate key will take
     precedence. Cannot be updated.

   image	
     Docker image name. More info:
     https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/containers/images This field is
     optional to allow higher level config management to default or override
     container images in workload controllers like Deployments and StatefulSets.

   imagePullPolicy	
     Image pull policy. One of Always, Never, IfNotPresent. Defaults to Always
     if :latest tag is specified, or IfNotPresent otherwise. Cannot be updated.
     More info:
     https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/containers/images#updating-images

   lifecycle	
     Actions that the management system should take in response to container
     lifecycle events. Cannot be updated.

   livenessProbe	
     Periodic probe of container liveness. Container will be restarted if the
     probe fails. Cannot be updated. More info:
     https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/workloads/pods/pod-lifecycle#container-probes

   name	 -required-
     Name of the container specified as a DNS_LABEL. Each container in a pod
     must have a unique name (DNS_LABEL). Cannot be updated.

   ports	<[]Object>
     List of ports to expose from the container. Exposing a port here gives the
     system additional information about the network connections a container
     uses, but is primarily informational. Not specifying a port here DOES NOT
     prevent that port from being exposed. Any port which is listening on the
     default "0.0.0.0" address inside a container will be accessible from the
     network. Cannot be updated.

   readinessProbe	
     Periodic probe of container service readiness. Container will be removed
     from service endpoints if the probe fails. Cannot be updated. More info:
     https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/workloads/pods/pod-lifecycle#container-probes

   resources	
     Compute Resources required by this container. Cannot be updated. More info:
     https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/configuration/manage-compute-resources-container/

   securityContext	
     Security options the pod should run with. More info:
     https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/policy/security-context/ More info:
     https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/configure-pod-container/security-context/

   stdin	
     Whether this container should allocate a buffer for stdin in the container
     runtime. If this is not set, reads from stdin in the container will always
     result in EOF. Default is false.

   stdinOnce	
     Whether the container runtime should close the stdin channel after it has
     been opened by a single attach. When stdin is true the stdin stream will
     remain open across multiple attach sessions. If stdinOnce is set to true,
     stdin is opened on container start, is empty until the first client
     attaches to stdin, and then remains open and accepts data until the client
     disconnects, at which time stdin is closed and remains closed until the
     container is restarted. If this flag is false, a container processes that
     reads from stdin will never receive an EOF. Default is false

   terminationMessagePath	
     Optional: Path at which the file to which the container's termination
     message will be written is mounted into the container's filesystem. Message
     written is intended to be brief final status, such as an assertion failure
     message. Will be truncated by the node if greater than 4096 bytes. The
     total message length across all containers will be limited to 12kb.
     Defaults to /dev/termination-log. Cannot be updated.

   terminationMessagePolicy	
     Indicate how the termination message should be populated. File will use the
     contents of terminationMessagePath to populate the container status message
     on both success and failure. FallbackToLogsOnError will use the last chunk
     of container log output if the termination message file is empty and the
     container exited with an error. The log output is limited to 2048 bytes or
     80 lines, whichever is smaller. Defaults to File. Cannot be updated.

   tty	
     Whether this container should allocate a TTY for itself, also requires
     'stdin' to be true. Default is false.

   volumeDevices	<[]Object>
     volumeDevices is the list of block devices to be used by the container.
     This is an alpha feature and may change in the future.

   volumeMounts	<[]Object>
     Pod volumes to mount into the container's filesystem. Cannot be updated.

   workingDir	
     Container's working directory. If not specified, the container runtime's
     default will be used, which might be configured in the container image.
     Cannot be updated.
 
  
2. 详解k8s中的port
 
  
port
 port是k8s集群内部访问service的端口，即通过clusterIP: port可以访问到某个service
 nodePort
 nodePort是外部访问k8s集群中service的端口，通过nodeIP: nodePort可以从外部访问到某个service。
 targetPort
 targetPort是pod的端口，从port和nodePort来的流量经过kube-proxy流入到后端pod的targetPort上，最后进入容器。
 containerPort
 containerPort是pod内部容器的端口，targetPort映射到containerPort。
 k8s——创建YAML和JSON格式资源对象与port详解_第1张图片
 
  

                            
                        
                    
                    
                    

                    
                    
                    

                
                

                    
                

            
        
    
    

        
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面试题 数据库
                                    
    1.union ,union all 
网络搜索出的最佳答案： 
union和union all的区别是,union会自动压缩多个结果集合中的重复结果，而union all则将所有的结果全部显示出来，不管是不是重复。 
Union：对两个结果集进行并集操作，不包括重复行，同时进行默认规则的排序； 
Union All：对两个结果集进行并集操作，包括重复行，不进行排序； 
2.索引有哪些分类？作用是
    
                                
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  • Android TV屏幕适配
                                    酷的飞上天空
android
                                    
    先说下现在市面上TV分辨率的大概情况 
两种分辨率为主 
1.720标清，分辨率为1280x720. 
屏幕尺寸以32寸为主，部分电视为42寸 
2.1080p全高清，分辨率为1920x1080 
屏幕尺寸以42寸为主，此分辨率电视屏幕从32寸到50寸都有 
  
适配遇到问题，已1080p尺寸为例： 
分辨率固定不变，屏幕尺寸变化较大。 
如：效果图尺寸为1920x1080，如果使用d
    
                                
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  • Timer定时器与ActionListener联合应用
                                    永夜-极光
java
                                    
    功能:在控制台每秒输出一次 
  
代码: 
package Main;
import javax.swing.Timer;
 import java.awt.event.*;

 public class T {
    private static int count = 0; 

    public static void main(String[] args){

    
                                
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                                    随便小屋
Ubuntu 14.04
                                    
    Unbuntu 14.4安装之后就在终端中使用Tab键不能自动补全，解决办法如下： 
  
1、利用vi编辑器打开/etc/bash.bashrc文件（需要root权限） 
sudo vi /etc/bash.bashrc 
 接下来会提示输入密码 
2、找到文件中的下列代码 
#enable bash completion in interactive shells
#if
    
                                
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  • 学会人际关系三招 轻松走职场
                                    aijuans
职场
                                    
    要想成功，仅有专业能力是不够的，处理好与老板、同事及下属的人际关系也是门大学问。如何才能在职场如鱼得水、游刃有余呢？在此，教您简单实用的三个窍门。 
　　第一，多汇报 
 最近，管理学又提出了一个新名词“追随力”。它告诉我们，做下属最关键的就是要多请示汇报，让上司随时了解你的工作进度，有了新想法也要及时建议。不知不觉，你就有了“追随力”，上司会越来越了解和信任你。 
　　第二，勤沟通 
 团队的力
    
                                
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  • 《O2O：移动互联网时代的商业革命》读书笔记
                                    aoyouzi
读书笔记
                                    
    移动互联网的未来：碎片化内容+碎片化渠道=各式精准、互动的新型社会化营销。 
  
O2O：Online to OffLine 线上线下活动 
O2O就是在移动互联网时代，生活消费领域通过线上和线下互动的一种新型商业模式。 
  
手机二维码本质：O2O商务行为从线下现实世界到线上虚拟世界的入口。 
  
线上虚拟世界创造的本意是打破信息鸿沟，让不同地域、不同需求的人
    
                                
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  • js实现图片随鼠标滚动的效果
                                    百合不是茶
JavaScript滚动属性的获取图片滚动属性获取页面加载
                                    
    1,获取样式属性值 
top  与顶部的距离
left  与左边的距离
right 与右边的距离
bottom 与下边的距离
zIndex 层叠层次 
  
  例子:获取左边的宽度,当css写在body标签中时 
<div id="adver" style="position:absolute;top:50px;left:1000p
    
                                
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  • ajax同步异步参数async
                                    bijian1013
jqueryAjaxasync
                                    
            开发项目开发过程中，需要将ajax的返回值赋到全局变量中，然后在该页面其他地方引用，因为ajax异步的原因一直无法成功，需将async:false，使其变成同步的。 
        格式： 
$.ajax({ type: 'POST', ur
    
                                
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  • Webx3框架（1）
                                    Bill_chen
eclipsespringmaven框架ibatis
                                    
    Webx是淘宝开发的一套Web开发框架，Webx3是其第三个升级版本；采用Eclipse的开发环境，现在支持java开发； 
采用turbine原型的MVC框架，扩展了Spring容器，利用Maven进行项目的构建管理，灵活的ibatis持久层支持，总的来说，还是一套很不错的Web框架。 
Webx3遵循turbine风格，velocity的模板被分为layout/screen/control三部
    
                                
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  • 【MongoDB学习笔记五】MongoDB概述
                                    bit1129
mongodb
                                    
    MongoDB是面向文档的NoSQL数据库，尽量业界还对MongoDB存在一些质疑的声音，比如性能尤其是查询性能、数据一致性的支持没有想象的那么好，但是MongoDB用户群确实已经够多。MongoDB的亮点不在于它的性能，而是它处理非结构化数据的能力以及内置对分布式的支持(复制、分片达到的高可用、高可伸缩)，同时它提供的近似于SQL的查询能力，也是在做NoSQL技术选型时，考虑的一个重要因素。Mo
    
                                
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  • spring/hibernate/struts2常见异常总结
                                    白糖_
Hibernate
                                    
     
 Spring 
 
①ClassNotFoundException: org.aspectj.weaver.reflect.ReflectionWorld$ReflectionWorldException 
缺少aspectjweaver.jar，该jar包常用于spring aop中 
  
②java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.sprin
    
                                
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  • jquery easyui表单重置(reset)扩展思路
                                    bozch
formjquery easyuireset
                                    
    在jquery easyui表单中 尚未提供表单重置的功能，这就需要自己对其进行扩展。 
扩展的时候要考虑的控件有： 
 combo,combobox,combogrid,combotree,datebox,datetimebox 
需要对其添加reset方法，reset方法就是把初始化的值赋值给当前的组件，这就需要在组件的初始化时将值保存下来。 
在所有的reset方法添加完毕之后，就需要对fo
    
                                
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                                    bylijinnan
编程之美
                                    
    
package beautyOfCoding;

import java.util.Arrays;

/*
 *《编程之美》的思路是：搜索+剪枝。有点像是写下棋程序：当前情况下，把所有可能的下一步都做一遍；在这每一遍操作里面，计算出如果按这一步走的话，能不能赢（得出最优结果）。
 *《编程之美》上代码有很多错误，且每个变量的含义令人费解。因此我按我的理解写了以下代码：
 */

    
                                
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  • Struts1.X 源码分析之ActionForm赋值原理
                                    chenbowen00
struts
                                    
    struts1在处理请求参数之前，首先会根据配置文件action节点的name属性创建对应的ActionForm。如果配置了name属性，却找不到对应的ActionForm类也不会报错，只是不会处理本次请求的请求参数。 
 
如果找到了对应的ActionForm类，则先判断是否已经存在ActionForm的实例，如果不存在则创建实例，并将其存放在对应的作用域中。作用域由配置文件action节点的s
    
                                
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  • [空天防御与经济]在获得充足的外部资源之前,太空投资需有限度
                                    comsci
资源
                                    
     
      这里有一个常识性的问题: 
 
      地球的资源,人类的资金是有限的,而太空是无限的..... 
 
      就算全人类联合起来,要在太空中修建大型空间站,也不一定能够成功,因为资源和资金,技术有客观的限制.... 
 
&
    
                                
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  • ORACLE临时表—ON COMMIT PRESERVE ROWS
                                    daizj
oracle临时表
                                    
    ORACLE临时表 转 
临时表：像普通表一样，有结构，但是对数据的管理上不一样，临时表存储事务或会话的中间结果集，临时表中保存的数据只对当前 
会话可见，所有会话都看不到其他会话的数据，即使其他会话提交了，也看不到。临时表不存在并发行为，因为他们对于当前会话都是独立的。 
创建临时表时，ORACLE只创建了表的结构（在数据字典中定义），并没有初始化内存空间，当某一会话使用临时表时，ORALCE会
    
                                
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  • 基于Nginx XSendfile+SpringMVC进行文件下载
                                    denger
应用服务器Webnginx网络应用lighttpd
                                    
        在平常我们实现文件下载通常是通过普通 read-write方式，如下代码所示。 
 
   @RequestMapping("/courseware/{id}") 
   public void download(@PathVariable("id") String courseID, HttpServletResp
    
                                
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  • scanf接受char类型的字符
                                    dcj3sjt126com
c
                                    
    /*
	2013年3月11日22:35:54
	目的：学习char只接受一个字符
*/
# include <stdio.h>

int main(void)
{
	int i;
	char ch;

	scanf("%d", &i);
	printf("i = %d\n", i);
	scanf("%
    
                                
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                                    dcj3sjt126com
编程
                                    
    发一个人会编程, 想想以后可以教儿女, 是多么美好的事啊, 不管儿女将来从事什么样的职业, 教一教, 对他思维的开拓大有帮助 
  
像这位朋友学习:   
http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/articlelist_2584320772_0_1.html 
  
 
  VirtualGS教程 (By @林泰前): 几十年的老程序员，资深的
    
                                
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  • 二维数组（矩阵）对角线输出
                                    飞天奔月
二维数组
                                    
    今天在BBS里面看到这样的面试题目, 
  
1，二维数组（N*N），沿对角线方向，从右上角打印到左下角如N=4： 4*4二维数组  
{ 1 2 3 4 }
{ 5 6 7 8 }
{ 9 10 11 12 }
{13 14 15 16 } 
打印顺序  
4
3 8
2 7 12
1 6 11 16
5 10 15
9 14
13 
要
    
                                
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  • Ehcache（08）——可阻塞的Cache——BlockingCache
                                    234390216
并发ehcacheBlockingCache阻塞
                                    
    可阻塞的Cache—BlockingCache 
  
       在上一节我们提到了显示使用Ehcache锁的问题，其实我们还可以隐式的来使用Ehcache的锁，那就是通过BlockingCache。BlockingCache是Ehcache的一个封装类，可以让我们对Ehcache进行并发操作。其内部的锁机制是使用的net.
    
                                
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  • mysqldiff对数据库间进行差异比较
                                    jackyrong
mysqld
                                    
      mysqldiff该工具是官方mysql-utilities工具集的一个脚本，可以用来对比不同数据库之间的表结构，或者同个数据库间的表结构 
   如果在windows下，直接下载mysql-utilities安装就可以了，然后运行后，会跑到命令行下： 
 
1） 基本用法 
   mysqldiff --server1=admin:12345
    
                                
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  • spring data jpa 方法中可用的关键字
                                    lawrence.li
javaspring
                                    
    spring data jpa 支持以方法名进行查询/删除/统计。 
查询的关键字为find 
删除的关键字为delete/remove (>=1.7.x) 
统计的关键字为count (>=1.7.x) 
  
修改需要使用@Modifying注解 
@Modifying
@Query("update User u set u.firstna
    
                                
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  • Spring的ModelAndView类
                                    nicegege
spring
                                    
    项目中controller的方法跳转的到ModelAndView类，一直很好奇spring怎么实现的？ 
/*
 * Copyright 2002-2010 the original author or authors.
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * yo
    
                                
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  • 搭建 CentOS 6 服务器(13) - rsync、Amanda
                                    rensanning
centos
                                    
    （一）rsync 
 
Server端 
 
# yum install rsync
# vi /etc/xinetd.d/rsync
    service rsync
    {
        disable = no
        flags           = IPv6
        socket_type     = stream
        wait    
    
                                
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  • Learn Nodejs 02
                                    toknowme
nodejs
                                    
    （1）npm是什么   
npm is the package manager for node 
官方网站：https://www.npmjs.com/ 
npm上有很多优秀的nodejs包，来解决常见的一些问题，比如用node-mysql，就可以方便通过nodejs链接到mysql，进行数据库的操作 
在开发过程往往会需要用到其他的包，使用npm就可以下载这些包来供程序调用 
&nb
    
                                
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  • Spring MVC 拦截器
                                    xp9802
spring mvc
                                    
    Controller层的拦截器继承于HandlerInterceptorAdapter 
 
 HandlerInterceptorAdapter.java   1  public   abstract   class  HandlerInterceptorAdapter  implements  HandlerIntercep
    
                                
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