本文来写个详细的例子来说下dubbo+nacos+springboot开发实战。本文不会讲述太多的理论的知识,会写一个最简单的例子来说明dubbo如何与nacos整合。快速搭建开发环境。
dubbo核心节点之间的调用关系
节点说明
节点 | 角色说明 |
---|---|
Provider | 暴露服务的服务提供方 |
Consumer | 调用远程服务的服务消费方 |
Registry | 服务注册与发现的注册中心 |
Monitor | 统计服务的调用次数和调用时间的监控中心 |
Container | 服务运行容器 |
调用关系说明
启动nacos,本文使用的是nacos1.4.3版本
打开nacos的控制面板
为了方便大家理解,这里写出对应的生产方、消费方 Demo 代码,以及使用的注册中心。
springboot,netflix和cloud alibaba之间有版本之间的对应关系,本文选择的版本如下
dubbo和cloud alibaba之间有版本之间的对应关系,本文选择的版本如下
为了后续方便使用SpringCloud Alibaba进行开发, 首先创建一个pom类型的父项目, 主要用于项目技术栈版本管理, 创建一个maven项目,名称为spring-cloud-alibaba-example, 去除src文件, 修改pom文件
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0modelVersion>
<groupId>ah.widethgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-exampleartifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOTversion>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parentartifactId>
<version>2.3.12.RELEASEversion>
<relativePath/>
parent>
<packaging>pompackaging>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8project.build.sourceEncoding>
<java.version>1.8java.version>
<spring-cloud.version>Hoxton.SR12spring-cloud.version>
<com-alibaba-cloud.version>2.2.7.RELEASEcom-alibaba-cloud.version>
properties>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloudgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependenciesartifactId>
<version>${spring-cloud.version}version>
<type>pomtype>
<scope>importscope>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba.cloudgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependenciesartifactId>
<version>${com-alibaba-cloud.version}version>
<type>pomtype>
<scope>importscope>
dependency>
dependencies>
dependencyManagement>
project>
后续创建的项目都放到此目录下, 只需要声明groupId和artifactId, 会自动引用父项目spring-cloud-alibaba-example的版本。与其说是父项目, 不如说是根项目: 因为下面每学习一个新的技术, 就会新建一个真正的父项目, 而在对应的父项目下面又会创建许多的子项目
本文的案例是在上文nacos开发实例的基础之上继续编写的。下面开始创建我们的项目,贴上我的目录结构。
模块说明
父工程pom文件
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0modelVersion>
<parent>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-exampleartifactId>
<groupId>ah.widethgroupId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOTversion>
parent>
<modules>
<module>public-apimodule>
<module>dubbo-providermodule>
<module>dubbo-consumermodule>
modules>
<artifactId>dubbo-nacos-exampleartifactId>
<name>dubbo-nacos-examplename>
<description>duboo与nacos整合的父工程description>
<packaging>pompackaging>
<properties>
<java.version>1.8java.version>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>utf-8project.build.sourceEncoding>
<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8project.reporting.outputEncoding>
<dubbo.version>2.7.13dubbo.version>
<nacos.version>1.4.1nacos.version>
properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba.cloudgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discoveryartifactId>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<artifactId>nacos-clientartifactId>
<groupId>com.alibaba.nacosgroupId>
exclusion>
exclusions>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.dubbogroupId>
<artifactId>dubbo-spring-boot-starterartifactId>
<version>${dubbo.version}version>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.dubbogroupId>
<artifactId>dubbo-registry-nacosartifactId>
<version>${dubbo.version}version>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba.nacosgroupId>
<artifactId>nacos-clientartifactId>
<version>${nacos.version}version>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba.springgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-context-supportartifactId>
<version>1.0.11version>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.dubbogroupId>
<artifactId>dubboartifactId>
<version>${dubbo.version}version>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>org.springframeworkgroupId>
<artifactId>springartifactId>
exclusion>
<exclusion>
<groupId>javax.servletgroupId>
<artifactId>servlet-apiartifactId>
exclusion>
<exclusion>
<groupId>log4jgroupId>
<artifactId>log4jartifactId>
exclusion>
exclusions>
dependency>
dependencies>
project>
pom文件
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0modelVersion>
<parent>
<artifactId>dubbo-nacos-exampleartifactId>
<groupId>ah.widethgroupId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOTversion>
parent>
<artifactId>public-apiartifactId>
<name>public-apiname>
<description>api公用接口description>
<packaging>jarpackaging>
<properties>
<java.version>1.8java.version>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>utf-8project.build.sourceEncoding>
<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8project.reporting.outputEncoding>
properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-webartifactId>
dependency>
dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-pluginartifactId>
plugin>
plugins>
build>
project>
公共接口模块里面只有一个接口,没有配置文件,打jar包
package ah.wideth.api;
/**
* 让生产者和服务消
* 费者来使用这个接口
*/
public interface InfoService {
String getInfo();
}
pom文件
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0modelVersion>
<parent>
<artifactId>dubbo-nacos-exampleartifactId>
<groupId>ah.widethgroupId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOTversion>
parent>
<artifactId>dubbo-providerartifactId>
<name>dubbo-providername>
<description>dubbo的服务提供者模块description>
<properties>
<java.version>1.8java.version>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>utf-8project.build.sourceEncoding>
<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8project.reporting.outputEncoding>
properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-webartifactId>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>${project.groupId}groupId>
<artifactId>public-apiartifactId>
<version>${project.version}version>
dependency>
dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-pluginartifactId>
plugin>
plugins>
build>
project>
application.yml配置文件
server:
port: 8180
spring:
application:
name: dubbo-provider
dubbo:
registry:
address: nacos://127.0.0.1:8848 #注册地址
application:
name: dubbo-provider #应用名
protocol:
name: dubbo #dubbo协议
port: 20880 #协议端口
scan:
base-packages: ah.wideth.impl #扫包范围
provider:
timeout: 30000 #超时时间
接口实现类,该类实现了上面我们在公共接口模块创建的接口
package ah.wideth.impl;
import ah.wideth.api.InfoService;
import org.apache.dubbo.config.annotation.DubboService;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
// dubbo提供的Service注解,用于声明对外暴露服务
// Service引入的是org.apache.dubbo.config.annotation.Service包
@Component
@DubboService
public class InfoServiceImpl implements InfoService {
@Override
public String getInfo() {
return "hello,这里是dubbo-provider模块!";
}
}
服务提供者启动类
package ah.wideth;
import org.apache.dubbo.config.spring.context.annotation.EnableDubbo;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
@EnableDubbo
@EnableDiscoveryClient
@SpringBootApplication
public class DubboProviderApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(DubboProviderApplication.class, args);
System.out.println("dubbo服务提供者8180启动了");
}
}
pom文件
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0modelVersion>
<parent>
<artifactId>dubbo-nacos-exampleartifactId>
<groupId>ah.widethgroupId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOTversion>
parent>
<artifactId>dubbo-consumerartifactId>
<name>dubbo-consumername>
<description>dubbo的服务消费者模块description>
<properties>
<java.version>1.8java.version>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>utf-8project.build.sourceEncoding>
<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8project.reporting.outputEncoding>
properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-webartifactId>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>${project.groupId}groupId>
<artifactId>public-apiartifactId>
<version>${project.version}version>
dependency>
dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-pluginartifactId>
plugin>
plugins>
build>
project>
application.yml配置文件
server:
port: 8181
spring:
application:
name: dubbo-consumer
dubbo:
registry:
address: nacos://127.0.0.1:8848 #注册地址
application:
name: dubbo-consumer #应用名
consumer:
timeout: 30000 #超时时间
controller,调用公共接口模块创建的接口
package ah.wideth.controller;
import ah.wideth.api.InfoService;
import org.apache.dubbo.config.annotation.DubboReference;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
@RestController
public class InfoController {
//dumbo提供的Reference注解,用于调用远程服务
@DubboReference(check = false)
private InfoService infoService;
@GetMapping("/getInfo")
public String getInfo(){
return infoService.getInfo();
}
}
服务消费者启动类
package ah.wideth;
import org.apache.dubbo.config.spring.context.annotation.EnableDubbo;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
@EnableDubbo
@EnableDiscoveryClient
@SpringBootApplication
public class DubboConsumerApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(DubboConsumerApplication.class, args);
System.out.println("dubbo服务消费者8181启动了");
}
}
打开Nacos控制面板查看注册中心中的服务
启动nacos,启动服务提供者和服务消费者,调用服务消费者的getInfo方法,服务提供者会返回结果
本文编写了一个例子来对dubbo整合nacos进行服务调用的例子,不过要注意jar包的冲突问题。