android平台led开发之内核硬件驱动层

手上有一个android开发平台,于是想在底层加个自己的硬件模块然后通过Android的HAL方式向上封装出底层驱动供JAVA APP调用。既然是刚上手,那就用led灯来做为先导开发走走流程吧,至少得把从内核到应用层的流程走通才行。

 

 

从底层到上层一共分成四个阶段。

1: 内核硬件驱动层

2: HAL(硬件抽象层)

3: 框架层(framework,包含JNI和实现硬件服务的JAVA接口)

4: JAVA应用层

 

 

 

一，首先是第一层,内核硬件驱动层

    在kernel\driver\下新建一个目录swt,在swt下再新建led文件夹,并新建swtled.c swtled.h,通过注册模块方式,实现ioctl,write,read接口。之后通过设备名给上层访问。

    swtled.c部分

   

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#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/sched.h>
#include <linux/timer.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/uaccess.h>
#include <linux/gpio.h>
#include <linux/cdev.h>
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/device.h>
#include <linux/miscdevice.h>
#include <linux/watchdog.h>
#include <linux/fs.h>

#include <asm/io.h>
#include <mach/gpio.h>
#include <asm/uaccess.h>


#define LED_ON _IO ('k',1)
#define LED_OFF _IO ('k',2)


struct light_dev
{
    struct cdev cdev;

    unsigned char value;
};

static struct light_dev *light_devp;
static struct class  * light_class =  NULL;


int light_major = 250;

#if 0


static ssize_t light_val_show(struct device* dev, struct device_attribute* attr, char* buf)
{
    return 0;
}

static ssize_t light_val_store(struct device* dev, struct device_attribute* attr, const char* buf, size_t count)
{
    return 0;
}


static DEVICE_ATTR(val, S_IRUGO | S_IWUSR, light_val_show, light_val_store);

#endif

void led_off(int arg)
{
    switch(arg)
    {
        case 1: gpio_set_value(RK29_PIN6_PB3,GPIO_LOW); //GPIO8
        break;

        case 2: gpio_set_value(RK29_PIN6_PC2,GPIO_LOW); //GPIO10
        break;

        default:
        break;
    }
}

void led_on(int arg)
{
    switch(arg)
    {
        case 1: gpio_set_value(RK29_PIN6_PB3,GPIO_HIGH);
        break;

        case 2: gpio_set_value(RK29_PIN6_PC2,GPIO_HIGH);
        break;

        default:
        break;
    }
}


int light_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *filp)
{
    struct light_dev *dev;

    int ret = 0;

    printk(KERN_ALERT"light_open()");


    dev = container_of(inode->i_cdev, struct light_dev, cdev);

    filp->private_data = dev;

    ret = gpio_request(RK29_PIN6_PB3, NULL);

        if(ret != 0)
        {
            gpio_free(RK29_PIN6_PB3);

        }
        gpio_direction_output(RK29_PIN6_PB3, 0);

        ret = gpio_request(RK29_PIN6_PC2, NULL);

        if(ret != 0)
        {
            gpio_free(RK29_PIN6_PC2);

        }
        gpio_direction_output(RK29_PIN6_PC2, 0);



    return 0;
}

int light_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *filp)
{
    printk(KERN_ALERT"light_release()");

    return 0;
}



ssize_t light_read(struct file  *filp, char __user  *buf, size_t count, loff_t*f_pos)
{
    struct light_dev *dev  = filp->private_data;

    printk(KERN_ALERT"light_read()");

    if (copy_to_user(buf, &(dev->value), 1))
    {
        return -EFAULT;
    }

    return 1;
}

ssize_t light_write(struct file  *filp, const char __user *buf, size_t count, loff_t *f_pos)
{
    struct light_dev *dev  = filp->private_data;

    printk(KERN_ALERT"light_write()");

    if (copy_from_user(&(dev->value), buf, 1))
    {
        return -EFAULT;
    }



    if (dev->value == 1)
        printk(KERN_ALERT"LED on");
    else
        printk(KERN_ALERT"LED off");
    return 1;
}


int light_ioctl(struct inode    *inode, struct file *filp, unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg)
{
    struct light_dev *dev  = filp->private_data;

    printk(KERN_ALERT"light_ioctl(cmd = %d)", cmd);

    switch (cmd)
        {
            case LED_ON:
                led_on(arg);
                break;
            case LED_OFF:
                led_off(arg);
                break;
            default: break;
        }


    return 0;
}

struct file_operations light_fops =
{
    .owner = THIS_MODULE,
    .read = light_read,
    .write = light_write,
    .ioctl = light_ioctl,
    .open = light_open,
    .release = light_release,
};

static int light_setup_cdev(struct light_dev *dev,  int index)
{
    int err, devno = MKDEV(light_major, index);
    cdev_init(&dev->cdev, &light_fops);
    dev->cdev.owner = THIS_MODULE;
    dev->cdev.ops = &light_fops;
    dev->value = 0;
    err = cdev_add(&dev->cdev, devno, 1);

    return err;
}



int light_init(void)
{
    int result = 0;

    struct device * temp  = NULL;

    dev_t dev = MKDEV(light_major, 0);

    printk(KERN_ALERT"light_init()");



    if (light_major) {
        result = register_chrdev_region(dev, 1, "LED");
    }
    else {
        result = alloc_chrdev_region(&dev, 0, 1, "LED");

        light_major = MAJOR(dev);
    }

    if (result < 0)  {
        goto failed;
    }



    light_devp = kmalloc(sizeof(struct light_dev), GFP_KERNEL);
    if (!light_devp){
        result = -ENOMEM;
        goto unregister;
    }

    memset(light_devp, 0, sizeof(struct light_dev));

    result = light_setup_cdev(light_devp, 0);
    if(result) {
        goto cleanup;
    }



    light_class = class_create(THIS_MODULE, "led");
    if(IS_ERR(light_class)) {
        printk(KERN_ALERT"Failed to create light class./n");
        goto destroy_cdev;
    }



    temp = device_create(light_class, NULL, dev, "%s",  "swtled");
    if(IS_ERR(temp)) {
        printk(KERN_ALERT"Failed to create hello device.");
        goto destroy_class;
    }

#if 0


    result = device_create_file(temp, &dev_attr_val);
    if(result < 0)  {
     printk(KERN_ALERT"Failed to create attribute val.");
     goto destroy_device;
    }

    dev_set_drvdata(temp, light_devp);
#endif



    return 0;

destroy_device:
    device_destroy(light_class, dev);

destroy_class:
    class_destroy(light_class);

destroy_cdev:
    cdev_del(&(light_devp->cdev));

cleanup:
        kfree(light_devp);

unregister:

    unregister_chrdev_region(dev, 1);

failed:

    printk(KERN_ALERT"light_init failed.");


return result;

}


void light_cleanup(void)
{
    printk(KERN_ALERT"light_cleanup()");



    if(light_class) {
        device_destroy(light_class, MKDEV(light_major, 0));
        class_destroy(light_class);
    }


    if(light_devp) {
        cdev_del(&light_devp->cdev);
        kfree(light_devp);
    }

    unregister_chrdev_region(MKDEV(light_major, 0), 1);

}

module_init(light_init);
module_exit(light_cleanup);


MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
MODULE_DESCRIPTION("led driver");
MODULE_ALIAS("led module");

led文件夹中Kconfig文件

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config SWT_XXX_LED
    bool "swt led"
    default n
    help
     This compiles in support  for the led of xxx.

led文件夹中MakeFile文件

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obj-$(CONFIG_SWT_XXX_LED)+=swt_led.o

swtled文件中Kconfig文件

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menu "swtled Drivers"

source "drivers/swt/led/Kconfig"

endmenu

swtled文件夹中MakeFile文件

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obj-y += led/

接下来,就要修改kernel/driver下的MakeFile和Kconfig文件了,在分别其中添加一句

 

MakeFile文件

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obj-y += swt/

Kconfig文件

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source "drivers/swt/Kconfig"

保存所有之后,执行make

编译成功后，就可以在swt/led目录下看到swtled.o文件了，这时候编译出来的img已经包含了swtled驱动了