本文结合Amlogic T972平台的设备树(DTS)、驱动源码、Datasheet,重点关注如何通过Pinctrl子系统,实现PIN脚的复用。
通过DTS的3个例子的分析,结合datasheet,确认了PIN脚复用方法。另一方面,自然也解析出了DTS中pinctrl部分的书写方法。
对于Andorid驱动的开发,如楼下所用Amlogic T972平台,在原厂所提供的AOSP源码中,在其DTS文件中,各个PIN脚的配置均已做好,只需使用或改变PIN脚功能时,只需在DTS中修改即可。
例如,如果我们想将例(3)中的GPIOZ_1和GPIOZ_2脚,对应于i2c1_z,作为i2c1(即i2c-1)来使用,则只需:
楼上的做法,其实就是通过PIN MUX,设置其通路寄存器,将GPIOZ_1和GPIOZ_2脚连接至i2c1模块
//common\arch\arm\boot\dts\amlogic\tl1_t962x2_x301_1g.dts
&i2c1 {
status = "okay";
clock-frequency = <300000>;
pinctrl-names = "default", "sleep";
pinctrl-0 = <&i2c1_z_pins>; //备注:如楼上,从i2c1_h_pins切换为i2c1_z_pins
pinctrl-1 = <&i2c1_z_pins_slp_input>;//备注:即可给i2c1换一对PIN脚
};
Pinctrl 即Pin controller(Soc的引脚控制器)。所有的Soc引脚,它们的功能、状态等,都需要经过配置后才可使用,下面就是一个如何控制引脚的逻辑框图。
最左边的【PAD】是最终的引脚,而它的功能,是由它右边的部分决定的,例如此PAD连接的是哪个module、它的状态是什么等等。具体的框图分析,要详细阅读datasheet,并结合驱动代码来了解,将在另外一篇文章中介绍。
提供服务,可以用它来复用引脚、配置引脚,是一个软件上的概念。
使用服务,Pinctrl系统的客户,即使用Pinctrl系统的设备。声明自己要使用哪些引脚的哪些功能,怎么配置它们。
注意:Pin controller和GPIO Controller不同:(1) Pin controller 通过控制MUX功能复用,可以控制一个的具体功能,例如将具体的PIN设置为I2C功能,或者简单的GPIO功能;(2)GPIO Controller只有普通GPIO功能,如上拉、下拉、设置输入或输出方向。(3)两者的关系是先用Pin controller把引脚配置为GPIO,再用GPIO Controler把引脚配置为输入或输出。
&pinctrl_periphs {
// …… 省略 ……
i2c2_z_pins:i2c2_z {
mux {
groups = "i2c2_sda_z", //"i2c2_sda_z"在源码中配置,楼下其余地方groups实现方法相同
"i2c2_sck_z";
function = "i2c2";
bias-pull-up;
drive-strength = <3>;
};
};
i2c2_z_pins_slp_input:i2c2_z_slp_input {
mux {
groups = "GPIOZ_9", "GPIOZ_10";
function = "gpio_periphs";
input-enable;
bias-disable;
};
};
//common\drivers\amlogic\pinctrl\pinctrl-meson-axg-pmx.h
#define GROUP(grp, f) \
{ \
.name = #grp, \
.pins = grp ## _pins, \
.num_pins = ARRAY_SIZE(grp ## _pins), \
.data = (const struct meson_pmx_axg_data[]){ \
PMX_DATA(f), \
}, \
}
//common\drivers\amlogic\pinctrl\pinctrl-meson-tl1.c
/* i2c2 */
static const unsigned int i2c2_sda_z_pins[] = {GPIOZ_10};
static const unsigned int i2c2_sck_z_pins[] = {GPIOZ_9};
static struct meson_pmx_group meson_tl1_periphs_groups[] = {
// …… 省略 ……
/* bank GPIOZ */
GROUP(i2c2_sda_z, 1), //备注:此处的Group(grp, f=1), 即PMX_DATA(f=1),对应datasheet,正好是I2C_EE_M2
GROUP(i2c2_sck_z, 1),
// …… 省略 ……
}
static const char * const i2c2_groups[] = {
"i2c2_sda_h", "i2c2_sck_h",
"i2c2_sda_z", "i2c2_sck_z",
};
//mesontl1.dtsi
i2c2: i2c@1d000 {
compatible = "amlogic,meson-i2c";
status = "disabled";
reg = <0x1d000 0x20>;
interrupts = <GIC_SPI 215 IRQ_TYPE_EDGE_RISING>,
<GIC_SPI 94 IRQ_TYPE_EDGE_RISING>;
#address-cells = <1>;
#size-cells = <0>;
clocks = <&clkc CLKID_I2C>;
clock-frequency = <100000>;
};
//tl1_t962x2_x301_1g.dts
&i2c2 {
status = "okay";
pinctrl-names = "default", "sleep";
pinctrl-0 = <&i2c2_z_pins>; //备注:使用Pinctrl的状态1配置,将配置为i2c2
pinctrl-1 = <&i2c2_z_pins_slp_input>;//备注:使用Pinctrl的状态2配置,i2c2将配置为GPIO input
clock-frequency = <400000>;
tas5805: tas5805@36 {
compatible = "ti,tas5805";
#sound-dai-cells = <0>;
codec_name = "tas5805";
reg = <0x2d>;
status = "disable";
};
ad82584f: ad82584f@62 {
compatible = "ESMT, ad82584f";
#sound-dai-cells = <0>;
reg = <0x31>;
status = "okay";
reset_pin = <&gpio_ao GPIOAO_6 0>;
};
};
common\arch\arm\boot\dts\amlogic\mesontl1.dtsi
&pinctrl_periphs {
// …… 省略 ……
i2c1_h_pins:i2c1_h {
mux {
groups = "i2c1_sda_h",
"i2c1_sck_h";
function = "i2c1";
bias-pull-up;
drive-strength = <3>;
};
};
i2c1_h_pins_slp_input:i2c1_h_slp_input {
mux {
groups = "GPIOH_21", "GPIOH_22";
function = "gpio_periphs";
input-enable;
bias-disable;
};
};
// …… 省略 ……
} // end of &pinctrl_periphs
//common\drivers\amlogic\pinctrl\pinctrl-meson-axg-pmx.h
#define GROUP(grp, f) \
{ \
.name = #grp, \
.pins = grp ## _pins, \
.num_pins = ARRAY_SIZE(grp ## _pins), \
.data = (const struct meson_pmx_axg_data[]){ \
PMX_DATA(f), \
}, \
}
//common\drivers\amlogic\pinctrl\pinctrl-meson-tl1.c
/* i2c1 */
static const unsigned int i2c1_sda_h_pins[] = {GPIOH_22};
static const unsigned int i2c1_sck_h_pins[] = {GPIOH_21};
static struct meson_pmx_group meson_tl1_periphs_groups[] = {
// …… 省略 ……
/* bank GPIOH */
GROUP(i2c1_sda_h, 1),
GROUP(i2c1_sck_h, 1),
// …… 省略 ……
}
//common\arch\arm\boot\dts\amlogic\tl1_t962x2_x301_1g.dts
&i2c1 {
status = "okay";
clock-frequency = <300000>;
pinctrl-names = "default", "sleep";
pinctrl-0 = <&i2c1_h_pins>; //备注:引用pinctrl的配置0,将配置为i2c1_h
pinctrl-1 = <&i2c1_h_pins_slp_input>;
lcd_extern_i2c0: lcd_extern_i2c@0 {
compatible = "lcd_ext, i2c";
dev_name = "i2c_T5800Q";
reg = <0x1c>;
status = "okay";
};
lcd_extern_i2c1: lcd_extern_i2c@1 {
compatible = "lcd_ext, i2c";
dev_name = "i2c_ANX6862";
reg = <0x20>;
status = "okay";
};
lcd_extern_i2c2: lcd_extern_i2c@2 {
compatible = "lcd_ext, i2c";
dev_name = "i2c_ANX7911";
reg = <0x74>;
status = "okay";
};
lcd_extern_i2c3: lcd_extern_i2c@3 {
compatible = "lcd_ext, i2c";
dev_name = "i2c_CS602";
reg = <0x66>;
status = "disable";
};
};
common\arch\arm\boot\dts\amlogic\mesontl1.dtsi
&pinctrl_periphs {
// …… 省略 ……
i2c1_z_pins:i2c1_z {
mux {
groups = "i2c1_sda_z",
"i2c1_sck_z";
function = "i2c1";
bias-pull-up;
drive-strength = <3>;
};
};
/*
* i2c sleep mode1: set the gpio the input
* in this scene, pull up power is off
*/
i2c1_z_pins_slp_input:i2c1_z_slp_input {
mux {
groups = "GPIOZ_1", "GPIOZ_2";
function = "gpio_periphs";
input-enable;
bias-disable;
};
};
// …… 省略 ……
} // end of &pinctrl_periphs
//common\drivers\amlogic\pinctrl\pinctrl-meson-axg-pmx.h
#define GROUP(grp, f) \
{ \
.name = #grp, \
.pins = grp ## _pins, \
.num_pins = ARRAY_SIZE(grp ## _pins), \
.data = (const struct meson_pmx_axg_data[]){ \
PMX_DATA(f), \
}, \
}
//common\drivers\amlogic\pinctrl\pinctrl-meson-tl1.c
/* i2c2 */
static const unsigned int i2c2_sda_z_pins[] = {GPIOZ_10};
static const unsigned int i2c2_sck_z_pins[] = {GPIOZ_9};
static struct meson_pmx_group meson_tl1_periphs_groups[] = {
// …… 省略 ……
/* bank GPIOZ */
GROUP(i2c2_sda_z, 1), //此处的Group(grp, f=1), 即PMX_DATA(f=1),对应datasheet,正好是I2C_EE_M2
GROUP(i2c2_sck_z, 1),
// …… 省略 ……
}
static const char * const i2c2_groups[] = {
"i2c2_sda_h", "i2c2_sck_h",
"i2c2_sda_z", "i2c2_sck_z",
};