docker安装mysql,redis,nginx

docker安装mysql,redis,nginx

1.centos7安装docker

1.1 卸载旧版本(如果安装过的话)

[root@localhost ~]# sudo yum remove docker \
                      docker-client \
                      docker-client-latest \
                      docker-common \
                      docker-latest \
                      docker-latest-logrotate \
                      docker-logrotate \
                      docker-engine

1.2 安装需要的软件包

yum-util 提供yum-config-manager功能，另外两个是devicemapper驱动依赖的

[root@localhost ~]# yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2

1.3 设置yum源

[root@localhost ~]# yum-config-manager --add-repo https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo

1.4 查看docker版本

[root@localhost ~]# yum list docker-ce --showduplicates | sort -r

1.5 安装docker

[root@localhost ~]# sudo yum install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io

1.6 启动并设置开机自启

# 1.启动
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start docker
# 2.开机自启
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl enable docker

1.7 验证

[root@localhost ~]# docker version

1.8 问题：之前安装过报错

[root@localhost ~]# yum erase 安装包

2.mysql

2.1 安装

[root@localhost ~]# docker pull mysql:5.7

2.2 查看下载镜像并启动

# 1.查看镜像
[root@localhost ~]# docker images

# 2.启动mysql镜像
[root@localhost ~]# docker run -p 3306:3306 --name mysql \
-v /usr/local/docker/mysql/conf:/etc/mysql \
-v /usr/local/docker/mysql/logs:/var/log/mysql \
-v /usr/local/docker/mysql/data:/var/lib/mysql \
-e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 \
-d mysql:5.7;

选项说明：

选项	说明
-p	端口映射，此处映射 主机3306端口 到 容器的3306端口
–name	容器名，此处命名为mysql
-e	配置信息，此处配置mysql的root用户的登陆密码
-v	主机和容器的目录映射关系，":"前为主机目录，之后为容器目录

2.3 查看容器是否正确运行

[root@localhost ~]# docker ps

2.4 问题：远程连接失败

2.4.1 防火墙

# 开放端口：
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl status firewalld
[root@localhost ~]# firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp --permanent
[root@localhost ~]# firewall-cmd --reload
# 关闭防火墙：
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl stop firewalld

2.4.2 设置远程访问

[root@localhost ~]# docker exec -it mysql bash
root@0a395d1f0340:/# mysql -uroot -p
# 设置
mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to root@'%' identified by "aptx4869";
# 刷新
mysql> flush privileges;
# 查看
mysql> 
mysql> select host,user from user;
+-----------+---------------+
| host      | user          |
+-----------+---------------+
| %         | root          |
| localhost | mysql.session |
| localhost | mysql.sys     |
| localhost | root          |
+-----------+---------------+

2.5 设置字符编码

# 1.查看字符编码
mysql> show variables like'character%';
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name            | Value                      |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| character_set_client     | latin1                     |
| character_set_connection | latin1                     |
| character_set_database   | latin1                     |
| character_set_filesystem | binary                     |
| character_set_results    | latin1                     |
| character_set_server     | latin1                     |
| character_set_system     | utf8                       |
| character_sets_dir       | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+

# 2.修改字符编码
mysql> set names 'utf8';
mysql> set character_set_seexitrver=utf8;
mysql> show variables like'character%';

# 或者在/usr/local/docker/mysql/conf目录下新建my.cnf文件，并添加以下内容
[client]
default-character-set=utf8
[mysql]
default-character-set=utf8
[mysqld]
init_connect='SET collation_connection = utf8_unicode_ci'
init_connect='SET NAMES utf8'
character-set-server=utf8
collation-server=utf8_unicode_ci
skip-character-set-client-handshake
skip-name-resolve

3.redis

3.1 安装

[root@localhost ~]# docker pull redis:5.0.11

3.2 查看下载镜像并启动

[root@localhost ~]# docker images
# 新建目录
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir -p /usr/local/docker/redis/conf/
# 新建文件
[root@localhost ~]# touch /usr/local/docker/redis/conf/redis.conf
[root@localhost ~]# docker run -p 6379:6379 --name redis \
-v /usr/local/docker/redis/conf/redis.conf:/etc/redis/redis.conf \
-v /usr/local/docker/redis/data:/data \
-d redis:latest redis-server /etc/redis/redis.conf \
--appendonly yes;

• -p 6379:6379:把容器内的6379端口映射到宿主机6379端口
• -v /root/docker/redis/redis.conf:/etc/redis/redis.conf：
• 把宿主机配置好的redis.conf放到容器内的这个位置中
• -v /root/docker/redis/data:/data：
• 把redis持久化的数据在宿主机内显示，做数据备份
• redis-server /etc/redis/redis.conf：
  • 这个是关键配置，让redis不是无配置启动，而是按照这个redis.conf的配置启动
• -appendonly yes：redis启动后数据持久化

3.3 查看运行

[root@localhost ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE          COMMAND                  CREATED          STATUS          PORTS                                                  NAMES
ad665e9657b9   redis:5.0.11   "docker-entrypoint.s…"   37 seconds ago   Up 27 seconds   0.0.0.0:6379->6379/tcp, :::6379->6379/tcp              redis
0a395d1f0340   mysql:5.7      "docker-entrypoint.s…"   56 minutes ago   Up 56 minutes   0.0.0.0:3306->3306/tcp, :::3306->3306/tcp, 33060/tcp   mysql

4.容器随docker启动自动运行

# mysql
docker update mysql --restart=always

# redis
docker update redis --restart=always

5.Elasticsearch、Kibana

5.1 下载镜像文件

# 存储和检索数据
docker pull elasticsearch:7.4.2

# 可视化检索数据
docker pull kibana:7.4.2

5.2 配置挂载数据文件夹

# 创建配置文件目录,数据目录
mkdir -p /usr/local/docker/elasticsearch/{conf,data}

# 将/usr/local/docker/elasticsearch/文件夹中文件都可读可写
chmod -R 777 /usr/local/docker/elasticsearch/

# 配置任意机器可以访问 elasticsearch
echo "http.host: 0.0.0.0" > /usr/local/docker/elasticsearch/config/elasticsearch.yml

5.3 启动Elasticsearch

docker run --name elasticsearch -p 9200:9200 -p 9300:9300 \
-e  "discovery.type=single-node" \
-e ES_JAVA_OPTS="-Xms64m -Xmx512m" \
-v /usr/local/docker/elasticsearch/config/elasticsearch.yml:/usr/share/elasticsearch/config/elasticsearch.yml \
-v /usr/local/docker/elasticsearch/data:/usr/share/elasticsearch/data \
-v  /usr/local/docker/elasticsearch/plugins:/usr/share/elasticsearch/plugins \
-d elasticsearch:7.4.2 

• -p 9200:9200 -p 9300:9300：向外暴露两个端口，9200用于HTTP REST API请求，9300 ES 在分布式集群状态下 ES 之间的通信端口；

• -e "discovery.type=single-node"：es 以单节点运行

• -e ES_JAVA_OPTS="-Xms64m -Xmx512m"：设置启动占用内存，不设置可能会占用当前系统所有内存

• -v：挂载容器中的配置文件、数据文件、插件数据到本机的文件夹；

• -d elasticsearch:7.6.2：指定要启动的镜像

• 访问 IP:9200 看到返回的 json 数据说明启动成功。

5.4 设置 Elasticsearch 随Docker启动

# 当前 Docker 开机自启，所以 ES 现在也是开机自启
docker update elasticsearch --restart=always

5.5 启动可视化Kibana

docker run --name kibana \
-e ELASTICSEARCH_HOSTS=http://192.168.21.150:9200 \
-p 5601:5601 \
-d kibana:7.4.2

-e ELASTICSEARCH_HOSTS=``http://192.168.163.131:9200: 这里要设置成自己的虚拟机IP地址

浏览器输入192.168.21.150:5601 测试

5.6 设置 Kibana 随Docker启动

# 当前 Docker 开机自启，所以 kibana 现在也是开机自启
docker update kibana --restart=always

6.nacos

# 1. 拉取镜像
[root@localhost ~]# docker pull nacos/nacos-server:1.2.1

# 2. 新建目录
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir -p /home/nacos/logs/

# 3. 启动nacos
docker run --name nacos -d -p 8848:8848 --privileged=true \
--restart=always \
-e JVM_XMS=512m \
-e JVM_XMX=2048m \
-e MODE=standalone \
-e PREFER_HOST_MODE=hostname \
-v /home/nacos/logs:/home/nacos/logs \
nacos/nacos-server:1.2.1

4.准备工作

[root@localhost ~]# nohup java -jar est.jar >debug.log 2>&1 &
[root@localhost ~]# tail -f debug.log
# 8080端口
[root@localhost ~]# firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=8080/tcp --permanent
success
[root@localhost ~]# firewall-cmd --reload
success

4.nginx

4.1 安装

docker run --name nginx \
-d -p 80:80 \
-v /usr/local/docker/nginx/conf/nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf \
-v /usr/local/docker/nginx/log:/var/log/nginx \
-v /usr/local/docker/nginx/html:/usr/share/nginx/html \
-v /usr/local/estHtml/:/usr/local/estHtml \
-d nginx:1.16.1;

WARNING: IPv4 forwarding is disabled. Networking will not work.

# 第一步：在宿主机上执行
[root@localhost /]# echo "net.ipv4.ip_forward=1" >>/usr/lib/sysctl.d/00-system.conf
[root@localhost /]# systemctl restart network && systemctl restart docker