RASA2.0 搭建中文聊天机器人（附gitee源码）

RASA2.0搭建中文聊天机器人

环境搭建

# 优先安装这几个python包，后面缺什么补充什么
rasa==2.0.0
rasa-sdk==2.4.1
tensorflow==2.3.2
Flask==1.1.2

开始搭建

• 初始化项目

  # 命令创建rasa项目所需的所有文件，并根据一些示例数据训练一个简单的机器人
  rasa init
  

• 初始化后会创建以下文件，介绍几个重要的文件，当然这些文件结构你也可以自己调整

  文件名	作用
  config.yml	配置NLU和Core的文件
  /data/nlu.yml	NLU的训练语句，意图加包含意图的话术
  /data/stories.yml	对话的故事，可以理解为剧本
  domain.yml	作用域，里面注册你定义的意图，对话模板，自定义action，槽位等
  endpoints.yml	action的端口，action对外暴露的接口配置文件
  /models/xxxx.tar,gz	训练的模型

• 我项目的目录结构是这样的，可以作为参考

  .
  ├── actions
  │   ├── action_kn_test.py
  │   ├── action_trademark_analy.py
  │   ├── action_trademark_explain.py
  │   ├── action_trademark_keyword.py
  │   ├── action_weather_query.py
  │   ├── __init__.py
  │   └── __pycache__
  │       ├── action_kn_test.cpython-36.pyc
  │       ├── action_trademark_analy.cpython-36.pyc
  │       ├── action_trademark_explain.cpython-36.pyc
  │       ├── action_trademark_keyword.cpython-36.pyc
  │       ├── action_weather_query.cpython-36.pyc
  │       └── __init__.cpython-36.pyc
  ├── App
  │   ├── def_func.py
  │   ├── def_settings.py
  │   ├── ext.py
  │   ├── __init__.py
  │   ├── models.py
  │   ├── __pycache__
  │   │   ├── ext.cpython-36.pyc
  │   │   ├── __init__.cpython-36.pyc
  │   │   └── views.cpython-36.pyc
  │   ├── settings.py
  │   ├── static
  │   │   ├── css
  │   │   │   └── style2.css
  │   │   ├── images
  │   │   │   ├── ai.png
  │   │   └── js
  │   │       ├── chat.js
  │   │       └── jquery-3.3.1.min.js
  │   ├── templates
  │   │   └── chat.html
  │   └── views.py
  ├── configs
  │   ├── config.yml
  │   ├── credentials.yml
  │   ├── domain.yml
  │   ├── endpoints.yml
  │   ├── zh_jieba_mitie_embeddings_config.yml
  │   └── zh_jieba_supervised_embeddings_config.yml
  ├── data
  │   ├── dict
  │   │   ├── cityname.txt
  │   │   └── userdict.txt
  │   ├── nlu
  │   │   └── nlu.yml
  │   ├── rules.yml
  │   ├── stories
  │   │   ├── stories.yml
  │   │   └── story1.md
  │   └── total_word_feature_extractor_zh.dat
  ├── models
  │   └── 20210420-153935.tar.gz
  ├── __pycache__
  ├── server.py
  ├── shell_diectory
  │   ├── run_shell
  │   └── train_shell
  

开始构建聊天机器人的第一个例子(查天气)

• 定义你的NLU

  - intent: query_weather
    examples: |
      - 我想查询天气
      - 我想查询[广州]{"entity":"address"}的天气
      - [明天]{"entity":"datetime"}天气怎么样？
      - 我想查询[明天]{"entity":"datetime"}[深圳]{"entity":"address"}的天气
  

• 准备地名词库

• 定义你stories剧本

  ## query_weather(天气查询)
  * query_weather
      - weather_form
      - active_loop{"name":"weather_form"}
  

• 在domain.yml 注册，注册你定义的意图，实体，槽位，问话模板，表单，自定义的action等

  version: "2.0"
  
  intents:
    - greet
    - goodbye
    - affirm
    - deny
    - mood_great
    - mood_unhappy
    - bot_challenge
    - query_weather  # 意图查天气
  
  
  entities:
    - kn_question_num
    - datetime    # 实体时间
    - address     # 实体地址
  
  actions:
    - action_test
  
  slots:
    kn_question_num:
      type: text
    datetime:
      type: text   # 你需要填入的槽位时间
    address:
      type: text	# 你需要填入的槽位地址	
    requested_slot:
      type: unfeaturized
  
  responses:
    utter_greet:
    - text: "Hey! How are you?"
  
    utter_cheer_up:
    - text: "Here is something to cheer you up:"
      image: "https://i.imgur.com/nGF1K8f.jpg"
  
    utter_did_that_help:
    - text: "Did that help you?"
  
    utter_happy:
    - text: "Great, carry on!"
  
    utter_goodbye:
    - text: "Bye"
  
    utter_iamabot:
    - text: "I am a bot, powered by Rasa."
  
    utter_ask_datetime:
    - text: "请问你要查询什么时候的天气？"   # 自动询问模板
  
    utter_ask_address:
    - text: "请问你要查询哪里的天气？"    #自动询问模板
  
  forms:
    weather_form: {}   #多轮问话表单
  
  session_config:
    session_expiration_time: 60
    carry_over_slots_to_new_session: true
  

• 自定义action.py

  ‘’‘
  @author: 小帆芽芽
  date: 2021/04/25
  ‘’‘
  from rasa_sdk.types import DomainDict
  from typing import Dict, Text, Any, List, Union
  from flask import jsonify
  from rasa_sdk import Tracker, Action
  from rasa_sdk.events import UserUtteranceReverted, Restarted, SlotSet, EventType
  from rasa_sdk.executor import CollectingDispatcher
  from rasa_sdk.forms import FormAction
  # from actions import ChatApis
  # from actions.WeatherApis import get_weather_by_day
  from requests import (
      ConnectionError,
      HTTPError,
      TooManyRedirects,
      Timeout
  )
  # from test.qachat import get_qa
  from rasa_sdk import ActionExecutionRejection
  from rasa_sdk.events import SlotSet, AllSlotsReset
  from rasa_sdk.executor import CollectingDispatcher
  from rasa_sdk.forms import FormAction, REQUESTED_SLOT
  import requests, random, math
  import re
  import json
  # import jieba
  import logging
  
  logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
  
  # 查询天气
  class QueryWeather(FormAction):
  	'''
  	心知天气API
  	'''
      def __init__(self):
          super().__init__()
          # 天气查询私钥
          self.KEY = '你的私钥'
          self.LOCATION = 'beijing'  # 所查询的位置，可以使用城市拼音、v3 ID、经纬度等
          self.url = 'https://api.seniverse.com/v3/weather/daily.json'  # API URL，可替换为其他 URL
          self.UNIT = 'c'  # 单位
          self.LANGUAGE = 'zh-Hans'  # 查询结果的返回语言
          self.data={
              'key': self.KEY,
              'location': self.LOCATION,
              'language': self.LANGUAGE,
              'unit': self.UNIT,
              'start': 0,
              'days': 10
          }
          # 0 代表今天,1 代表明天,2代表后天
          self.num = 0
  
      def name(self) -> Text:
          return "weather_form"
  
      @staticmethod
      def required_slots(tracker):
          return ['address','datetime']
          
  	# 槽值映射，不管用户说什么都将填入槽中
      def slot_mappings(self) -> Dict[Text, Union[Dict, List[Dict[Text, Any]]]]:
          return {'address':[self.from_text()],'datetime':[self.from_text()]}
  	# 槽值验证
      def validate_address(self,slot_value, dispatcher, tracker, domain):
          # list=['北京','上海','深圳','广州']
          path = './data/dict/cityname.txt'
          d_ = [i.strip() for i in open(path, 'r').readlines()]
          # if slot_value in list:
          if slot_value in d_:
              return {"address":slot_value}
          else:
              dispatcher.utter_message('您输入的不是地名哟')
              return {"address":None}
      # 槽值验证
      def validate_datetime(self,slot_value, dispatcher, tracker, domain):
          d_list = ['今天','明天','后天']
  
          if slot_value in d_list:
          # if slot_value in d_:
              return {"datetime":slot_value}
          else:
              dispatcher.utter_message('暂不支持查询 {} 的天气'.format(slot_value))
              return {"datetime":None}
  
      def submit(self,dispatcher, tracker, domain):
          date = tracker.get_slot('datetime')
          address = tracker.get_slot('address')
          self.judge_time(date)
          text_day, text_night, high, low, wind_direction, humidity, wind_speed, wind_scale,date_ = self.get_weather(address)
          s='{}{}({})的天气情况是：白天{},晚上{}.当天最高温度是{}摄氏度,最低温度是{}摄氏度.风向{},风速{},风力等级为{},空气湿度为{}%'.format(
             address,date,date_, text_day,text_night,high,low,wind_direction,wind_speed,wind_scale,humidity
          )
          dispatcher.utter_message('小娜为您查询到：')
          dispatcher.utter_message(s)
  
          # return [AllSlotsReset()]
          return [Restarted()]
  
  
      def judge_time(self,date):
          if date == '今天':
              self.num = 0
          elif date == '明天':
              self.num = 1
          elif date == '后天':
              self.num = 2
  
      def get_weather(self,address):
          self.LOCATION = address
          str_ = requests.get(url=self.url,params=self.data,timeout=2).text
          dic = json.loads(str_)
          print(dic)
          # 白天天气
          text_day = dic['results'][0]['daily'][self.num]['text_day']
          # 夜晚天气
          text_night = dic['results'][0]['daily'][self.num]['text_night']
          # 最高温度
          high = dic['results'][0]['daily'][self.num]['high']
          # 最低温度
          low = dic['results'][0]['daily'][self.num]['low']
          # 风向
          wind_direction = dic['results'][0]['daily'][self.num]['wind_direction']
          # 湿度（百分比）
          humidity = dic['results'][0]['daily'][self.num]['humidity']
          # 风速
          wind_speed = dic['results'][0]['daily'][self.num]['wind_speed']
          # 风力等级
          wind_scale = dic['results'][0]['daily'][self.num]['wind_scale']
          # 日期
          date_ = dic['results'][0]['daily'][self.num]['date']
  
          return text_day,text_night,high,low,wind_direction,humidity,wind_speed,wind_scale,date_
  

• 采用flask外部调用接口

  '''
  @author:小帆芽芽
  @date:2021/04/25
  '''
  import json
  import re
  
  import requests
  from flask import Blueprint, render_template, request
  
  blue = Blueprint('rasa', __name__)
  
  REQUEST_URL = "http://localhost:5005/webhooks/rest/webhook"
  HEADERS = {'Content-Type': 'application/json; charset=utf-8'}
  
  
  def init_route(app):
      app.register_blueprint(blue)
  
  @blue.route('/', methods=['GET', 'POST'])
  def test():
      # return 'this a test page', 200
      return render_template('chat.html')
  
  
  @blue.route('/chat',methods=['GET'])
  def chat():
      data=request.args.to_dict()
      message=data['message']
      if message:
          answer = rasaresponse('xiaofangyaya',message)
          return answer
  
  def rasaresponse(user,msg):
      requestDict={'sender':user,'message':msg}
      rsp=requests.post(REQUEST_URL, data=json.dumps(requestDict),headers=HEADERS)
      # content=rsp.text.encode('utf-8').decode("unicode-escape")
      if rsp.status_code == 200:
          rsp_json=json.loads(rsp.text.encode())
          content_text = ''
          if len(rsp_json):
              # print(rsp_json)
              for i in range(len(rsp_json)):
                  # txt_=rsp_json[i]['text']
                  txt_=rsp_json[i].get('text')
                  print('rasa返回内容是---------->{}'.format(txt_))
                  if txt_:
                      content_text=content_text+txt_
                  else:
                      content_text=content_text + '\n' + rsp_json[i]['image']
  
              return content_text
  
          else:
              return '哎呀,这个小娜也不懂呢～～～'
  
      else:
          return '返回错误，请重新输入问话。'
  

• 运行rasa，依次执行以下命令

  # 启动服务
  # 1. 启动rasa server
  python -m rasa run --port 5005 -m models/20210420-153935.tar.gz --endpoints configs/endpoints.yml --credentials configs/credentials.yml --debug
  # 2. 启动action server
  python -m rasa run actions --port 5055 --actions actions --debug
  # 3. 启动server.py
  python server.py
  

• 页面测试

• 我的源码地址：
  https://gitee.com/menfeng/rasa-weather-edition

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