【翻译2】

宋朝始于 960 年, 一直延续到 1279 年。这一时期, 中国经济大幅增长, 成为世界上最先进 的经济体, 科学、技术、哲学和数学蓬勃发展。宋代中国是世界历史上首先发行纸币的国家。宋 朝还最早使用火药并发明了活字(movable-type)印刷。人口增长迅速, 越来越多的人住进城市, 那里有热闺的娱乐场所。社会生活多种多样。人们聚集在一起观看和交易珍贵艺术品。宋朝 的政府体制在当时也是先进的。政府官员均通过竞争性考试选拔任用。

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The Song dynasty began in 960 and continued until 1279. Over the course of this dynasty, the Chinese economy grew significantly and became the most advanced economy in the world. Science, technology, philosophy, and mathematics also flourished during this period. Song China was the first in world history to issue paper money nationally. It also saw the first use of gunpowder, as well as the invention of movable-type printing. The population grew rapidly during this time, and more and more people moved to cities, which had lively entertainment quarters. Social life during the Song dynasty was rich and varied; people gathered to view and trade precious artworks. The Song system of government was also advanced for its time; government officials were all selected and appointed through competitive examinations.