windows go开发环境搭建

下载安装包

下载地址 https://studygolang.com/dl

选择下载 go1.19.4.windows-amd64.msi

​

安装

点击安装包，默认一直next 默认会安装到 C:\Program Files\Go

安装完成后，打开cmd 或者 powershell

输入 go version 验证是否安装成功

$ go version
go version go1.19.4 windows/amd64

环境变量设置

GOROOT

GOROOT其实就是Golang的安装目录。新版本的GOROOT已经不需要设置了。Golang编译器安装后，会自动把%GOROOT%\bin目录添加到环境变量PATH。

GOPATH

GOPATH指向的目录，理解为工作目录，其作用是告诉Go命令和其它相关工具，在哪里找系统上安装的Go包。

默认的GOPATH是**%USERPROFILE%\go**。

​​ Go1.14​及之后的版本中启用了Go Module模式之后，不一定非要将代码写到GOPATH目录下，所以也就不需要我们再自己配置GOPATH了，使用默认的即可。

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GOPROXY

由于国内的网络环境问题，我们可以通过配置GOPROXY避免DNS污染导致的模块拉取缓慢或失败的问题，加速你的构建

默认配置

GOPROXY=https://proxy.golang.org,direct

修改 GOPROXY ​

go env -w GOPROXY=https://goproxy.cn,direct

查看go环境设置,命令: go env

$ go env
set GO111MODULE=
set GOARCH=amd64
set GOBIN=
set GOCACHE=C:\Users\zhuhuijie\AppData\Local\go-build
set GOENV=C:\Users\zhuhuijie\AppData\Roaming\go\env
set GOEXE=.exe
set GOEXPERIMENT=
set GOFLAGS=
set GOHOSTARCH=amd64
set GOHOSTOS=windows
set GOINSECURE=
set GOMODCACHE=C:\Users\zhuhuijie\go\pkg\mod
set GONOPROXY=
set GONOSUMDB=
set GOOS=windows
set GOPATH=C:\Users\zhuhuijie\go
set GOPRIVATE=
set GOPROXY=https://proxy.golang.org,direct
set GOROOT=C:\Program Files\Go
set GOSUMDB=sum.golang.org
set GOTMPDIR=
set GOTOOLDIR=C:\Program Files\Go\pkg\tool\windows_amd64
set GOVCS=
set GOVERSION=go1.19.4
set GCCGO=gccgo
set GOAMD64=v1
set AR=ar
set CC=gcc
set CXX=g++
set CGO_ENABLED=1
set GOMOD=NUL
set GOWORK=
set CGO_CFLAGS=-g -O2
set CGO_CPPFLAGS=
set CGO_CXXFLAGS=-g -O2
set CGO_FFLAGS=-g -O2
set CGO_LDFLAGS=-g -O2
set PKG_CONFIG=pkg-config
set GOGCCFLAGS=-m64 -mthreads -fno-caret-diagnostics -Qunused-arguments -Wl,--no-gc-sections -fmessage-length=0 -fdebug-prefix-map=C:\Users\ZHUHUI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\go-build3394306368=/tmp/go-build -gno-record-gcc-switches
PS C:\Users\zhuhuijie> go env -w GOPROXY=https://goproxy.cn,direct
PS C:\Users\zhuhuijie> go env -w GO111MODULE=on
PS C:\Users\zhuhuijie>
PS C:\Users\zhuhuijie>
PS C:\Users\zhuhuijie>
PS C:\Users\zhuhuijie>
PS C:\Users\zhuhuijie> go env
set GO111MODULE=on
set GOARCH=amd64
set GOBIN=
set GOCACHE=C:\Users\zhuhuijie\AppData\Local\go-build
set GOENV=C:\Users\zhuhuijie\AppData\Roaming\go\env
set GOEXE=.exe
set GOEXPERIMENT=
set GOFLAGS=
set GOHOSTARCH=amd64
set GOHOSTOS=windows
set GOINSECURE=
set GOMODCACHE=C:\Users\zhuhuijie\go\pkg\mod
set GONOPROXY=
set GONOSUMDB=
set GOOS=windows
set GOPATH=C:\Users\zhuhuijie\go
set GOPRIVATE=
set GOPROXY=https://goproxy.cn,direct
set GOROOT=C:\Program Files\Go
set GOSUMDB=sum.golang.org
set GOTMPDIR=
set GOTOOLDIR=C:\Program Files\Go\pkg\tool\windows_amd64
set GOVCS=
set GOVERSION=go1.19.4
set GCCGO=gccgo
set GOAMD64=v1
set AR=ar
set CC=gcc
set CXX=g++
set CGO_ENABLED=1
set GOMOD=NUL
set GOWORK=
set CGO_CFLAGS=-g -O2
set CGO_CPPFLAGS=
set CGO_CXXFLAGS=-g -O2
set CGO_FFLAGS=-g -O2
set CGO_LDFLAGS=-g -O2
set PKG_CONFIG=pkg-config
set GOGCCFLAGS=-m64 -mthreads -fno-caret-diagnostics -Qunused-arguments -Wl,--no-gc-sections -fmessage-length=0 -fdebug-prefix-map=C:\Users\ZHUHUI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\go-build1050900026=/tmp/go-build -gno-record-gcc-switches

Hello World

创建helloWorld.go 文件并编辑内容如下

package main 
import "fmt" 
 
func main() { 
    fmt.Println("Hello World!")
}

运行

$ go run helloWorld.go
Hello World!