Java每日学习笔记1

  1. 单选按钮

JRadioButton radioButton1 = new JRadioButton("Java");// 创建单选按钮

contentPane.add(radioButton1);// 应用单选按钮

 

JRadioButton radioButton2 = new JRadioButton("PHP");// 创建单选按钮

contentPane.add(radioButton2);// 应用单选按钮

 

JRadioButton radioButton3 = new JRadioButton("C++");// 创建单选按钮

contentPane.add(radioButton3);// 应用单选按钮

 

ButtonGroup group = new ButtonGroup();// 创建单选按钮组

group.add(radioButton1);// 将radioButton1增加到单选按钮组中

group.add(radioButton2);// 将radioButton2增加到单选按钮组中

group.add(radioButton3);// 将radioButton

  1. 嵌套窗体

package com.pcx.test;

import java.awt.*;

import java.awt.event.*;

import javax.swing.*;

 

public class TestInternalFrame {

    final int DESKTOP_WIDTH = 480;

    final int DESKTOP_HEIGHT = 360;

    final int FRAME_DISTANCE = 30;

 

    JFrame jf = new JFrame("父窗口");

    // 定义一个虚拟桌面

    private JDesktopPane desktop = new JDesktopPane();

    // 保存下一个内部窗口的座标点

    private int nextFrameX;

    private int nextFrameY;

    // 定义内部窗口为虚拟桌面的1/2大小

    private int width = DESKTOP_WIDTH / 2;

    private int height = DESKTOP_HEIGHT / 2;

    // 为主窗口定义2个菜单

    JMenu fileMenu = new JMenu("文件");

    // 定义newAction用于创建菜单和工具按钮

    Action newAction = new AbstractAction("新建", new ImageIcon("ico/new.png")) {

        public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event) {

            // 创建内部窗口

            final JInternalFrame iframe = new JInternalFrame("新文档", true, // 可改变大小

                    true, // 可关闭

                    true, // 可最大化

                    true); // 可最小化

            iframe.add(new JScrollPane(new JTextArea(8, 40)));

            // 将内部窗口添加到虚拟桌面中

            desktop.add(iframe);

            // 设置内部窗口的原始位置(内部窗口默认大小是0X0,放在0,0位置)

            iframe.reshape(nextFrameX, nextFrameY, width, height);

            // 使该窗口可见,并尝试选中它

            iframe.show();

            // 计算下一个内部窗口的位置

            nextFrameX += FRAME_DISTANCE;

            nextFrameY += FRAME_DISTANCE;

            if (nextFrameX + width > desktop.getWidth())

                nextFrameX = 0;

            if (nextFrameY + height > desktop.getHeight())

                nextFrameY = 0;

        }

    };

    // 定义exitAction用于创建菜单和工具按钮

    Action exitAction = new AbstractAction("退出", new ImageIcon("ico/exit.png")) {

        public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event) {

            System.exit(0);

        }

    };

 

    public void init() {

        // 为窗口安装菜单条和工具条

        JMenuBar menuBar = new JMenuBar();

        JToolBar toolBar = new JToolBar();

        jf.setJMenuBar(menuBar);

        menuBar.add(fileMenu);

        fileMenu.add(newAction);

        fileMenu.add(exitAction);

        toolBar.add(newAction);

        toolBar.add(exitAction);

        desktop.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(480, 360));

        // 将虚拟桌面添加到顶级JFrame容器中

        jf.add(desktop);

        jf.add(toolBar, BorderLayout.NORTH);

        jf.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

        jf.pack();

        jf.setVisible(true);

    }

 

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        new TestInternalFrame().init();

    }

}

  1. 设置标签中的字体

int size=14;
label.setFont(new Font("Serif",Font.PLAIN,size));

  1. 如何在jlabel中设置文本的换行

String info="<html>你的ID号是:"+user.getId()+"<br/>"+"你的用户名是:"+user.getName()+"</html>";

Label.settext(info);

  1. 类型转换异常

    public class Test {
     public static void main(String[] args){
      Animal cat=new Cat();
      Animal dog=new Dog();
      Object b=new Animal();
      Object d=new Cat();
      displayObject(cat);
      displayObject(dog);
        // Cat c=(Cat)b; //Animal cannot be cast to Cat
       // Cat cc=d;//cannot convert from Object to Cat
         Cat ee=(Cat)d;
     cat.output();//if the method output() is undefined in class Cat,then the output would be "I am an animal"
     // a.speak(); //the method speak() is undefined for the type Animal
     }
      public static void  displayObject(Object obj){
       if(obj instanceof Cat)
        ((Cat) obj).speak();
       else if(obj instanceof Dog)
        ((Dog)obj).speak();
      }
    }
    class Animal{
     void output(){
      System.out.println("I am an animal");
     } 
    }
     class Cat extends Animal{
      void speak(){
       System.out.println("
    喵喵~");
      }
     void output(){
       System.out.println("I am a cat");
      }
      
     }
     
     class Dog extends Animal{
      void speak(){
       System.out.println("
    汪汪~");
      }
     void output(){
       System.out.println("I am a dog");
       }
     }

    通过该程序,我有如下理解:

    1.父类对象可以强制转换为子类对象,但是前提是此父类对象为子类对象实例化的结果。

    e.g. Fruit fruit=new Apple();

         Apple a=(Apple)fruit;//ok

    e.g. 假设Apple类继承于Fruit类,

         Object fruit=new Fruit();

         Object apple=(Apple)fruit;//wrong

    2.子类的实例向父类转型是为了实现多态。

       

  2. 图片文本最佳的封装方案

background2 = new JLabel(new ImageIcon(

                MainUI.class.getResource("/com/nt/image/main.gif")));

        Random rd = new Random();

        stream = MainUI.class.getResourceAsStream("/com/nt/file/"

                + rd.nextInt(19) + ".txt");

        try {

            read = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(stream, "GBK"));

  1. 在panel里面设置背景图片

Java每日学习笔记1

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