SCI写作 day6

1.paragraphs

(1)1 paragraph= 1 idea
简短,一段不要包含太多idea
(2)give away from punch line early
先给出最重要的信息,不要先给出一堆细节再给重点
paragraph flow is helpes by:
logical flow of ideas
parallel sentence structures
if necessary, transition words(不要过度使用过渡词,不要每句都用,如果每句都要用过渡词才能让读者看明白,说明文章的底层逻辑结构有问题)
logical flow of ideas:
sequential in time(avoid the memento approach)按时间顺序,便于理解
general→specific(take-home message first)先给出一般信息再给出具体信息
logical argumentss(if a then b; a; therefore b)确保合理的逻辑,便于理解
(3)your reader remembers the first sentence and the last sentence best. make the last sentence memorable. emphasis at the end!

2.paragraph editing Ⅰ

列出大纲,看文章的逻辑结构,然后尝试用简短的话语表达出所有的主要思想,去掉多余的内容
按照大纲结构一句句地改,使句子精简
一般不要真的把大纲列出来,但要在脑海中思考

3.paragraph editing Ⅱ

总结每句话所表达的核心内容
然后把所有核心内容放在一起看那有些是重复的并重新排序(logically)
根据修改之后的内容要点对相应原文进行删改

4.a few more tips: repetition, key words, and acronyms

(1)repetition
当使用了一个词之后,在想它的同义词时,说明在重复,比如下面这些,只要用两者之一即可,不要每种都用
challenges/difficulties
illustrate/demonstrate
错误示范:this picture illustrates that...., and demonstrate that...
当出现这样的情况的时候问问自己
is the second instance of the word even necessary?
if the word is needed, is a synonym really better than just repeating the word?

有时候直接重复那个词会更好些,不要一直用同义词替换,不用担心重复,不然会显得很混乱

为了避免重复而用同义替换就会变得很好笑

尤其是key word不要一直同义替换!坚持一直用相同的词就好了!不然读者会以为说的其实不是一个东西
(2)acronyms/initialisms
use only standard acronyms/initialisms(e.g.RNA), don't make them up
不要自己瞎编或者用一些直接相关领域的人才知道的缩写词
if you must use acronyms, define them separately in the abstract, each table/figure, and the text. For long papers, redefine occasionally(as reader don't typically read start to finish)
example of unnecessary acronyms

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