ArrayMap源码分析

| 存储结构 |默认大小 | 线程安全 | 扩容机制 | 删除策略 |
|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|
| 双数组 |0 |否|n<4:4; n<8:8;n>=8:1.5n;|直接删除,并带有部分内存收缩操作|||||||

成员变量

    static Object[] mBaseCache;//缓存的长度为4的key和value的内存,其结构下文会详细说明
    static int mBaseCacheSize;//缓存的个数,大小在10个以内
    static Object[] mTwiceBaseCache;//缓存的长度为8的key和value的内存
    static int mTwiceBaseCacheSize;//缓存的个数,大小在10个以内

    final boolean mIdentityHashCode;//生成hashcode的方法,mIdentityHashCode ? System.identityHashCode(key) : key.hashCode()System.identityHashCode
    int[] mHashes;//存储key的hash值,升序
    Object[] mArray;//存储key和value的值,key的下一个数据项就是该key对应的value
    int mSize;//当前集合存储的数据个数

创建集合

   public ArrayMap(int capacity) {
        this(capacity, false);
    }

    /** {@hide} */
    public ArrayMap(int capacity, boolean identityHashCode) {
        mIdentityHashCode = identityHashCode;
        if (capacity < 0) {
            mHashes = EMPTY_IMMUTABLE_INTS;
            mArray = EmptyArray.OBJECT;
        } else if (capacity == 0) {
            mHashes = EmptyArray.INT;
            mArray = EmptyArray.OBJECT;
        } else {
            allocArrays(capacity);
        }
        mSize = 0;
    }

可以看到,ArrayMap设置小于0的容量时,并不会直接报错,然后大于0时主要使用allocArrays去初始化集合

private void allocArrays(final int size) {
        if (mHashes == EMPTY_IMMUTABLE_INTS) {
            throw new UnsupportedOperationException("ArrayMap is immutable");
        }
        if (size == (BASE_SIZE*2)) {
            synchronized (ArrayMap.class) {
                if (mTwiceBaseCache != null) {
                    final Object[] array = mTwiceBaseCache;
                    mArray = array;
                    mTwiceBaseCache = (Object[])array[0];
                    mHashes = (int[])array[1];
                    array[0] = array[1] = null;
                    mTwiceBaseCacheSize--;
                    return;
                }
            }
        } else if (size == BASE_SIZE) {
            synchronized (ArrayMap.class) {
                if (mBaseCache != null) {
                    final Object[] array = mBaseCache;
                    mArray = array;
                    mBaseCache = (Object[])array[0];
                    mHashes = (int[])array[1];
                    array[0] = array[1] = null;
                    mBaseCacheSize--;
                    return;
                }
            }
        }

        mHashes = new int[size];
        mArray = new Object[size<<1];
    }

allocArrays方法主要分为3步:

  1. 如果之前设置了容量小于0,则不允许申请内存
  2. 如果当前申请的size为4或者8,而且当前对应缓存存在可用,则使用缓存
  3. 否则直接初始化新的数组,mHashes长度为size,mArray长度为2倍mHashes,其原因是因为mArray中存储的是key和value,而mHasher中存储的仅为key的hash值

关于缓存结构

缓存结构

在缓存结构上,mBaseCache和mTwiceBaseCache是一致的,只是在存在的数据的长度上不一样,如上图,长度为2的数int类型的数组,对应于mHashes,长度为4的是Object类型的数组,对应于mArray。可以看出Object数组中的第一项指向下一个缓存,第二项为当前缓存的存储hash值的int缓存数组

插入数据

@Override
    public V put(K key, V value) {
        final int osize = mSize;
        final int hash;
        int index;
        if (key == null) {
            hash = 0;
            index = indexOfNull();
        } else {
            hash = mIdentityHashCode ? System.identityHashCode(key) : key.hashCode();
            index = indexOf(key, hash);
        }
        if (index >= 0) {
            index = (index<<1) + 1;
            final V old = (V)mArray[index];
            mArray[index] = value;
            return old;
        }

        index = ~index;
        if (osize >= mHashes.length) {
            final int n = osize >= (BASE_SIZE*2) ? (osize+(osize>>1))
                    : (osize >= BASE_SIZE ? (BASE_SIZE*2) : BASE_SIZE);

            if (DEBUG) Log.d(TAG, "put: grow from " + mHashes.length + " to " + n);

            final int[] ohashes = mHashes;
            final Object[] oarray = mArray;
            allocArrays(n);

            if (CONCURRENT_MODIFICATION_EXCEPTIONS && osize != mSize) {
                throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
            }

            if (mHashes.length > 0) {
                if (DEBUG) Log.d(TAG, "put: copy 0-" + osize + " to 0");
                System.arraycopy(ohashes, 0, mHashes, 0, ohashes.length);
                System.arraycopy(oarray, 0, mArray, 0, oarray.length);
            }

            freeArrays(ohashes, oarray, osize);
        }

        if (index < osize) {
            if (DEBUG) Log.d(TAG, "put: move " + index + "-" + (osize-index)
                    + " to " + (index+1));
            System.arraycopy(mHashes, index, mHashes, index + 1, osize - index);
            System.arraycopy(mArray, index << 1, mArray, (index + 1) << 1, (mSize - index) << 1);
        }

        if (CONCURRENT_MODIFICATION_EXCEPTIONS) {
            if (osize != mSize || index >= mHashes.length) {
                throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
            }
        }
        mHashes[index] = hash;
        mArray[index<<1] = key;
        mArray[(index<<1)+1] = value;
        mSize++;
        return null;
    }

插入操作分为如下步骤:

  1. 通过key和hash定位到该key在mHashes和mArray当中的下标。因为mHashes中到hash值是升序存储,这里采用了二分法查找,因为存在hash冲突,所以还得比较key是否相等,可以参照ArrayMap结构图。
  2. 如果找到下标(index>=0),则覆盖原来到value,并返回该值
  3. 如果没找到(index<0),则~index为插入到期望下标,此时如果mHashes已满,则申请扩容,并释放或者缓存原来的内存。如果mHashes未满,则使用System的arraycopy方法移动数据,以为即将插入的数据腾出空间。
  4. 对应index上插入key和value,并更新size


    ArrayMap结构图

    这里关注下扩容细节,主要三个方面,扩容大小的计算、扩容内存申请和老数据迁移,老内存的处理;

final int n = osize >= (BASE_SIZE2) ? (osize+(osize>>1))
: (osize >= BASE_SIZE ? (BASE_SIZE
2) : BASE_SIZE);

扩容大小的计算根据当前不同的size处理不一样:

  1. 如果osize>=8:则新的size为osize的3/2
  2. 如果osize<8 && osize >= 4:则新size为8
  3. 如果osize<4:则新size为4

扩若内存的申请使用allocArrays方法,该方法我们分析过,会优先尝试使用缓存,不存在缓存才申请对应内存,需要注意的是该方法会给mHashes和mArray重新赋值,而老数据的迁移则使用了System.arraycopy进行数据的拷贝。
而老内存的释放,则调用了freeArrays方法:

private static void freeArrays(final int[] hashes, final Object[] array, final int size) {
        if (hashes.length == (BASE_SIZE*2)) {
            synchronized (ArrayMap.class) {
                if (mTwiceBaseCacheSize < CACHE_SIZE) {
                    array[0] = mTwiceBaseCache;
                    array[1] = hashes;
                    for (int i=(size<<1)-1; i>=2; i--) {
                        array[i] = null;
                    }
                    mTwiceBaseCache = array;
                    mTwiceBaseCacheSize++;
                    if (DEBUG) Log.d(TAG, "Storing 2x cache " + array
                            + " now have " + mTwiceBaseCacheSize + " entries");
                }
            }
        } else if (hashes.length == BASE_SIZE) {
            synchronized (ArrayMap.class) {
                if (mBaseCacheSize < CACHE_SIZE) {
                    array[0] = mBaseCache;
                    array[1] = hashes;
                    for (int i=(size<<1)-1; i>=2; i--) {
                        array[i] = null;
                    }
                    mBaseCache = array;
                    mBaseCacheSize++;
                    if (DEBUG) Log.d(TAG, "Storing 1x cache " + array
                            + " now have " + mBaseCacheSize + " entries");
                }
            }
        }
    }

freeArrays方法是主要做的事情就是回收老内存,当老数据的长度满足缓存的条件(长度为4或者8)时,且当前缓存个数还未满(10),则将老数组中元素置为空,并将老数组缓存到对应的缓存中,注意这里是头部插入,也就是最后插入的缓存,会最先被使用。

删除元素

删除元素最后会调用到remove方法:

public V removeAt(int index) {
        final Object old = mArray[(index << 1) + 1];
        final int osize = mSize;
        final int nsize;
        if (osize <= 1) {
            freeArrays(mHashes, mArray, osize);
            mHashes = EmptyArray.INT;
            mArray = EmptyArray.OBJECT;
            nsize = 0;
        } else {
            nsize = osize - 1;
            if (mHashes.length > (BASE_SIZE*2) && mSize < mHashes.length/3) {
                // Shrunk enough to reduce size of arrays.  We don't allow it to
                // shrink smaller than (BASE_SIZE*2) to avoid flapping between
                // that and BASE_SIZE.
                final int n = osize > (BASE_SIZE*2) ? (osize + (osize>>1)) : (BASE_SIZE*2);
                final int[] ohashes = mHashes;
                final Object[] oarray = mArray;
                allocArrays(n);

                if (CONCURRENT_MODIFICATION_EXCEPTIONS && osize != mSize) {
                    throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
                }

                if (index > 0) {
                    System.arraycopy(ohashes, 0, mHashes, 0, index);
                    System.arraycopy(oarray, 0, mArray, 0, index << 1);
                }
                if (index < nsize) {
                    System.arraycopy(ohashes, index + 1, mHashes, index, nsize - index);
                    System.arraycopy(oarray, (index + 1) << 1, mArray, index << 1,
                            (nsize - index) << 1);
                }
            } else {
                if (index < nsize) {
                    System.arraycopy(mHashes, index + 1, mHashes, index, nsize - index);
                    System.arraycopy(mArray, (index + 1) << 1, mArray, index << 1,
                            (nsize - index) << 1);
                }
                mArray[nsize << 1] = null;
                mArray[(nsize << 1) + 1] = null;
            }
        }
        if (CONCURRENT_MODIFICATION_EXCEPTIONS && osize != mSize) {
            throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
        }
        mSize = nsize;
        return (V)old;
    }

删除操作接收一个index,表示对应hash在mHashes数组中的下标,在remove方法中,首先通过(index << 1) + 1定位到对应的object数组下标,找到对应的value。接着判断是否只有一个元素,是则直接给mHashes和mArray赋值为EmptyArray,并释放内存。如果不是只有一个元素,则进行下列操作:

  1. 若当前容量大于8,且当前元素个数小于容量的三分之一,则触发内存收缩操作。收缩后的容量计算方式为:

final int n = osize > (BASE_SIZE2) ? (osize + (osize>>1)) : (BASE_SIZE2);

  1. 若不满足内存收缩条件,则直接调用System.arraycopy拷贝原数组中元素,覆盖index对应的值,并置空nsize对应的值,更新mSize;

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