Skywalking安装
从官网下载skywalking安装包，包括两部分，一个是skywalking，一个是elasticsearch
skywalking下载地址：http://skywalking.apache.org/downloads/
我们下载linux版本的最新版：
https://www.apache.org/dyn/closer.cgi/skywalking/6.6.0/apache-skywalking-apm-6.6.0.tar.gz
https://www.apache.org/dyn/closer.cgi/skywalking/6.6.0/apache-skywalking-apm-es7-6.6.0.tar.gz
apache-skywalking-apm-6.6.0.tar.gz
apache-skywalking-apm-es7-6.6.0.tar.gz
解压
修改：apache-skywalking-apm-bin-es7/webapp/webapp.yml
安装ElK
安装Elasticsearch
elasticsearch相关软件下载中心：https://elasticsearch.cn/download/
下载elasticsearch
kibana
放置到/usr/local/elk目录
创建es用户
useradd es -b /home/es -d /home/es -U
使es用户有sudo权限
root用户执行命令：visudo
新增如下一行数据，然后wq保存退出
es ALL=(ALL) ALL
赋予目录权限：
chown -R es:es /usr/local/elk/
su - es
创建目录：
mkdir -p /usr/local/elk/elasticsearch-6.8.6/data
mkdir -p /usr/local/elk/elasticsearch-6.2.4/logs
编辑文件：/usr/local/elk/elasticsearch-6.8.6/config/elasticsearch.yml
# 修改cluster名称
cluster.name: my-skywalking-es
# 数据存储目录
path.data: /usr/local/elk/elasticsearch-6.8.6/data
# 日志存储目录
path.logs: /usr/local/elk/elasticsearch-6.2.4/logs
# elasticsearch官网建议生产环境需要设置bootstrap.memory_lock: true
# 这个配置的意义：锁定物理内存地址，防止es内存被交换出去，也就是避免es使用swap交换分区，频繁的交换，会导致IOPS变高。
bootstrap.memory_lock: true
# 改成0.0.0.0即任意IP都可以访问
network.host: 0.0.0.0
# 修改端口号
http.port: 19200
进入：/usr/local/elk/elasticsearch-6.8.6目录
执行：bin/elasticsearch
启动报错
[es@localhost elasticsearch-6.8.6]$ bin/elasticsearch
[2020-01-06T10:35:10,014][WARN ][o.e.b.JNANatives ] [node-1] Unable to lock JVM Memory: error=12, reason=Cannot allocate memory
[2020-01-06T10:35:10,017][WARN ][o.e.b.JNANatives ] [node-1] This can result in part of the JVM being swapped out.
[2020-01-06T10:35:10,017][WARN ][o.e.b.JNANatives ] [node-1] Increase RLIMIT_MEMLOCK, soft limit: 65536, hard limit: 65536
[2020-01-06T10:35:10,018][WARN ][o.e.b.JNANatives ] [node-1] These can be adjusted by modifying /etc/security/limits.conf, for example:
# allow user 'es' mlockall
es soft memlock unlimited
es hard memlock unlimited
[2020-01-06T10:35:10,018][WARN ][o.e.b.JNANatives ] [node-1] If you are logged in interactively, you will have to re-login for the new limits to take effect.
[2020-01-06T10:35:10,277][INFO ][o.e.e.NodeEnvironment ] [node-1] using [1] data paths, mounts [[/ (rootfs)]], net usable_space [40.8gb], net total_space [49.9gb], types [rootfs]
[2020-01-06T10:35:10,278][INFO ][o.e.e.NodeEnvironment ] [node-1] heap size [990.7mb], compressed ordinary object pointers [true]
[2020-01-06T10:35:10,279][INFO ][o.e.n.Node ] [node-1] node name [node-1], node ID [YqPp5oBzTMGxKf4vkcMxJg]
[2020-01-06T10:35:10,279][INFO ][o.e.n.Node ] [node-1] version[6.8.6], pid[3075], build[default/tar/3d9f765/2019-12-13T17:11:52.013738Z], OS[Linux/3.10.0-327.el7.x86_64/amd64], JVM[Oracle Corporation/OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM/1.8.0_232/25.232-b09]
[2020-01-06T10:35:10,280][INFO ][o.e.n.Node ] [node-1] JVM arguments [-Xms1g, -Xmx1g, -XX:+UseConcMarkSweepGC, -XX:CMSInitiatingOccupancyFraction=75, -XX:+UseCMSInitiatingOccupancyOnly, -Des.networkaddress.cache.ttl=60, -Des.networkaddress.cache.negative.ttl=10, -XX:+AlwaysPreTouch, -Xss1m, -Djava.awt.headless=true, -Dfile.encoding=UTF-8, -Djna.nosys=true, -XX:-OmitStackTraceInFastThrow, -Dio.netty.noUnsafe=true, -Dio.netty.noKeySetOptimization=true, -Dio.netty.recycler.maxCapacityPerThread=0, -Dlog4j.shutdownHookEnabled=false, -Dlog4j2.disable.jmx=true, -Djava.io.tmpdir=/tmp/elasticsearch-8686897058201483042, -XX:+HeapDumpOnOutOfMemoryError, -XX:HeapDumpPath=data, -XX:ErrorFile=logs/hs_err_pid%p.log, -XX:+PrintGCDetails, -XX:+PrintGCDateStamps, -XX:+PrintTenuringDistribution, -XX:+PrintGCApplicationStoppedTime, -Xloggc:logs/gc.log, -XX:+UseGCLogFileRotation, -XX:NumberOfGCLogFiles=32, -XX:GCLogFileSize=64m, -Des.path.home=/usr/local/elk/elasticsearch-6.8.6, -Des.path.conf=/usr/local/elk/elasticsearch-6.8.6/config, -Des.distribution.flavor=default, -Des.distribution.type=tar]
[2020-01-06T10:35:12,342][INFO ][o.e.p.PluginsService ] [node-1] loaded module [aggs-matrix-stats]
[2020-01-06T10:35:12,342][INFO ][o.e.p.PluginsService ] [node-1] loaded module [analysis-common]
[2020-01-06T10:35:12,343][INFO ][o.e.p.PluginsService ] [node-1] loaded module [ingest-common]
[2020-01-06T10:35:12,343][INFO ][o.e.p.PluginsService ] [node-1] loaded module [ingest-geoip]
[2020-01-06T10:35:12,343][INFO ][o.e.p.PluginsService ] [node-1] loaded module [ingest-user-agent]
[2020-01-06T10:35:12,343][INFO ][o.e.p.PluginsService ] [node-1] loaded module [lang-expression]
[2020-01-06T10:35:12,343][INFO ][o.e.p.PluginsService ] [node-1] loaded module [lang-mustache]
[2020-01-06T10:35:12,343][INFO ][o.e.p.PluginsService ] [node-1] loaded module [lang-painless]
[2020-01-06T10:35:12,343][INFO ][o.e.p.PluginsService ] [node-1] loaded module [mapper-extras]
[2020-01-06T10:35:12,343][INFO ][o.e.p.PluginsService ] [node-1] loaded module [parent-join]
[2020-01-06T10:35:12,343][INFO ][o.e.p.PluginsService ] [node-1] loaded module [percolator]
[2020-01-06T10:35:12,343][INFO ][o.e.p.PluginsService ] [node-1] loaded module [rank-eval]
[2020-01-06T10:35:12,344][INFO ][o.e.p.PluginsService ] [node-1] loaded module [reindex]
[2020-01-06T10:35:12,344][INFO ][o.e.p.PluginsService ] [node-1] loaded module [repository-url]
[2020-01-06T10:35:12,344][INFO ][o.e.p.PluginsService ] [node-1] loaded module [transport-netty4]
[2020-01-06T10:35:12,344][INFO ][o.e.p.PluginsService ] [node-1] loaded module [tribe]
[2020-01-06T10:35:12,344][INFO ][o.e.p.PluginsService ] [node-1] loaded module [x-pack-ccr]
[2020-01-06T10:35:12,344][INFO ][o.e.p.PluginsService ] [node-1] loaded module [x-pack-core]
[2020-01-06T10:35:12,344][INFO ][o.e.p.PluginsService ] [node-1] loaded module [x-pack-deprecation]
[2020-01-06T10:35:12,344][INFO ][o.e.p.PluginsService ] [node-1] loaded module [x-pack-graph]
[2020-01-06T10:35:12,344][INFO ][o.e.p.PluginsService ] [node-1] loaded module [x-pack-ilm]
[2020-01-06T10:35:12,344][INFO ][o.e.p.PluginsService ] [node-1] loaded module [x-pack-logstash]
[2020-01-06T10:35:12,344][INFO ][o.e.p.PluginsService ] [node-1] loaded module [x-pack-ml]
[2020-01-06T10:35:12,345][INFO ][o.e.p.PluginsService ] [node-1] loaded module [x-pack-monitoring]
[2020-01-06T10:35:12,345][INFO ][o.e.p.PluginsService ] [node-1] loaded module [x-pack-rollup]
[2020-01-06T10:35:12,345][INFO ][o.e.p.PluginsService ] [node-1] loaded module [x-pack-security]
[2020-01-06T10:35:12,345][INFO ][o.e.p.PluginsService ] [node-1] loaded module [x-pack-sql]
[2020-01-06T10:35:12,345][INFO ][o.e.p.PluginsService ] [node-1] loaded module [x-pack-upgrade]
[2020-01-06T10:35:12,345][INFO ][o.e.p.PluginsService ] [node-1] loaded module [x-pack-watcher]
[2020-01-06T10:35:12,345][INFO ][o.e.p.PluginsService ] [node-1] no plugins loaded
[2020-01-06T10:35:17,385][INFO ][o.e.x.s.a.s.FileRolesStore] [node-1] parsed [0] roles from file [/usr/local/elk/elasticsearch-6.8.6/config/roles.yml]
[2020-01-06T10:35:18,163][INFO ][o.e.x.m.p.l.CppLogMessageHandler] [node-1] [controller/3149] [Main.cc@109] controller (64 bit): Version 6.8.6 (Build 73ed602c10c48e) Copyright (c) 2019 Elasticsearch BV
[2020-01-06T10:35:18,733][DEBUG][o.e.a.ActionModule ] [node-1] Using REST wrapper from plugin org.elasticsearch.xpack.security.Security
[2020-01-06T10:35:18,969][INFO ][o.e.d.DiscoveryModule ] [node-1] using discovery type [zen] and host providers [settings]
[2020-01-06T10:35:19,973][INFO ][o.e.n.Node ] [node-1] initialized
[2020-01-06T10:35:19,973][INFO ][o.e.n.Node ] [node-1] starting ...
[2020-01-06T10:35:20,162][INFO ][o.e.t.TransportService ] [node-1] publish_address {192.168.16.210:9300}, bound_addresses {[::]:9300}
[2020-01-06T10:35:20,180][INFO ][o.e.b.BootstrapChecks ] [node-1] bound or publishing to a non-loopback address, enforcing bootstrap checks
ERROR: [2] bootstrap checks failed
[1]: max file descriptors [4096] for elasticsearch process is too low, increase to at least [65535]
[2]: memory locking requested for elasticsearch process but memory is not locked
[2020-01-06T10:35:20,189][INFO ][o.e.n.Node ] [node-1] stopping ...
[2020-01-06T10:35:20,220][INFO ][o.e.n.Node ] [node-1] stopped
[2020-01-06T10:35:20,220][INFO ][o.e.n.Node ] [node-1] closing ...
[2020-01-06T10:35:20,240][INFO ][o.e.n.Node ] [node-1] closed
[2020-01-06T10:35:20,244][INFO ][o.e.x.m.p.NativeController] [node-1] Native controller process has stopped - no new native processes can be started
看到报错
==ERROR: [2] bootstrap checks failed==
==[1]: max file descriptors [4096] for elasticsearch process is too low, increase to at least [65535]==
==[2]: memory locking requested for elasticsearch process but memory is not locked==
如下修改：
切换到root用户修改配置文件：/etc/security/limits.conf
添加如下内容：
* soft nofile 65536
* hard nofile 65536
* soft nproc 32000
* hard nproc 32000
* hard memlock unlimited
* soft memlock unlimited
修改/etc/systemd/system.conf
DefaultLimitNOFILE=65536
DefaultLimitNPROC=32000
DefaultLimitMEMLOCK=infinity
执行以下操作，立即生效
systemctl daemon-reload
对于小系统应用es的优化和建议：
建议用SSD，提高性能；
新建索引的时候，分片设置成1，备份设置成0，能有效的降低IOPS；
可以参考以下配置：
put http://localhost:9200/test/
{
“settings”: {
“number_of_shards”: 1,
“number_of_replicas”: 0,
“index.analysis.analyzer.default.type”: “ik_max_word”
},
“mappings”: {
“my”: {
“properties”: {
“id”: {
“type”: “long”
},
“name”: {
“type”: “text”
},
“content”: {
“type”: “text”
}
}
}
}
}
修改完之后，切换到es，进入到/usr/local/elk/elasticsearch-6.8.6再次启动
bin/elasticsearch
启动成功后，发现不是后台启动，ctrl + c停止，然后执行命令
bin/elasticsearch --help
打印如下内容：
starts elasticsearch
Option Description
------ -----------
-E Configure a setting
-V, --version Prints elasticsearch version information and exits
-d, --daemonize Starts Elasticsearch in the background
-h, --help show help
-p, --pidfile Creates a pid file in the specified path on start
-q, --quiet Turns off standard output/error streams logging in console
-s, --silent show minimal output
-v, --verbose show verbose output
我们可以看到-d参数是后台启动的意思，所以执行如下命令后台启动es：
bin/elasticsearch -d
启动成功后，执行如下名：
curl 192.168.16.210:19200
控制台打印如下内容
{
"name" : "node-1",
"cluster_name" : "my-skywalking-es",
"cluster_uuid" : "_kk1oWAsSte10VlJJpYG4Q",
"version" : {
"number" : "6.8.6",
"build_flavor" : "default",
"build_type" : "tar",
"build_hash" : "3d9f765",
"build_date" : "2019-12-13T17:11:52.013738Z",
"build_snapshot" : false,
"lucene_version" : "7.7.2",
"minimum_wire_compatibility_version" : "5.6.0",
"minimum_index_compatibility_version" : "5.0.0"
},
"tagline" : "You Know, for Search"
}
elasticsearch已经启动OK。
安装Kibana
还是es用户，进入到/usr/local/elk/目录，解压kibana
tar -zxvf kibana-6.8.6-linux-x86_64.tar.gz
修改目录名称：
mv kibana-6.8.6-linux-x86_64 kibana-6.8.6
进入kibana目录：
cd /usr/local/elk/kibana-6.8.6
创建日志目录：
mkdir -p /usr/local/elk/kibana-6.8.6/run
touch /usr/local/elk/kibana-6.8.6/run/kibana.pid
mkdir -p /usr/local/elk/kibana-6.8.6/logs
修改配置文件config/kibana.yml
# 修改端口号为15601
server.port: 15601
# 服务IP地址
server.host: "192.168.16.210"
# elasticsearch 配置
elasticsearch.hosts: ["http://192.168.16.210:19200"]
# 配置pid文件存储运行Kibana时的进程号，便于用kill -9 `cat /usr/local/elk/kibana-6.8.6/run/kibana.pid`来杀进程。
pid.file: /usr/local/elk/kibana-6.8.6/run/kibana.pid
# 配置日志输出文件
logging.dest: /usr/local/elk/kibana-6.8.6/logs/kibana.log
启动kibana，进入/usr/local/elk/kibana-6.8.6目录，执行如下命令：
nohup bin/kibana > /dev/null 2>&1 &
在浏览器输入地址：http://192.168.16.210:15601
可以看到如下界面：这样kibana安装完成
kibana-snapshot.png
如何停掉kibana，执行如下命令：
kill -9 `cat /usr/local/elk/kibana-6.8.6/run/kibana.pid`
安装Skywalking
root用户，下载好skywalking安装包后，创建目录：/usr/local/skywalking
将安装apache-skywalking-apm-6.6.0.tar.gz包拷贝到/usr/local/skywalking目录，
执行解压命令：
tar -zxvf apache-skywalking-apm-6.6.0.tar.gz
查看目录文件：ls -al
[root@localhost skywalking]# ls -al
总用量 139128
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 79 1月 6 11:19 .
drwxr-xr-x. 15 root root 4096 1月 6 10:19 ..
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 142460459 1月 6 09:37 apache-skywalking-apm-6.6.0.tar.gz
drwxrwxr-x 8 1001 1002 128 12月 24 14:10 apache-skywalking-apm-bin
进入目录：apache-skywalking-apm-bin修改配置文件vi config/application.yml
修改storage节点下内容，将默认的h2全部注释掉
# h2:
# driver: ${SW_STORAGE_H2_DRIVER:org.h2.jdbcx.JdbcDataSource}
# url: ${SW_STORAGE_H2_URL:jdbc:h2:mem:skywalking-oap-db}
# user: ${SW_STORAGE_H2_USER:sa}
# metadataQueryMaxSize: ${SW_STORAGE_H2_QUERY_MAX_SIZE:5000}
放开elasticsearch的注释：
storage:
elasticsearch:
clusterNodes: ${SW_STORAGE_ES_CLUSTER_NODES:localhost:19200}
protocol: ${SW_STORAGE_ES_HTTP_PROTOCOL:"http"}
indexShardsNumber: ${SW_STORAGE_ES_INDEX_SHARDS_NUMBER:2}
indexReplicasNumber: ${SW_STORAGE_ES_INDEX_REPLICAS_NUMBER:0}
# Batch process setting, refer to https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/client/java-api/5.5/java-docs-bulk-processor.html
bulkActions: ${SW_STORAGE_ES_BULK_ACTIONS:2000} # Execute the bulk every 1000 requests
flushInterval: ${SW_STORAGE_ES_FLUSH_INTERVAL:10} # flush the bulk every 10 seconds whatever the number of requests
concurrentRequests: ${SW_STORAGE_ES_CONCURRENT_REQUESTS:2} # the number of concurrent
然后修改端口号，修改文件webapp/webapp.yml
server:
port: 18080
collector:
path: /graphql
ribbon:
ReadTimeout: 10000
# Point to all backend's restHost:restPort, split by ,
listOfServers: 127.0.0.1:12800
执行命令启动：
bin/startup.sh
[root@localhost apache-skywalking-apm-bin]# bin/startup.sh
SkyWalking OAP started successfully!
SkyWalking Web Application started successfully!
然后再浏览器界面输入地址：http://192.168.16.210:18080
可以看到skywalking界面：
skywalking-snapshot.png