mysql本地导入数据（可导入百万条数据）

第一种方法（适合数据量较小的场景，几百、几千条可以用这种方法）

1.cmd进入控制台，输入指令连接到本地数据库

mysql -uroot -p数据库密码

 2.选择你要将导入到哪个库，use 数据库名；

3.输入“source sql文件的路径”(注意你的文件路径要是复制来的，要将"\"全部换成“/”)，示例

source C:/Users/14544/Desktop/sql/tb_sku1.sql

第二种方法（数据量如果是百万级别，方法一可能需要个把小时，用Navicat等工具导数据，可能内存溢出，那么我们就要改用方法二了）

基本介绍：load data infile语句从一个文本文件中以很高的速度读入一个表中。使用这个命令之前，mysqld进程（服务）必须已经在运行。

注意：

• 文件必须处于数据库目录或可被所有人读取
• 设置全局参数local_infile为1，开启从本地加载文件导入数据的开关

  set global local_infile = 1;

• 设置好之后，退出数据库再重新连接（因为上面的全局配置 要在下次会话才生效）

  mysql --local-infile -u root -p

语法结构

load data  [low_priority] [local] infile 'file_name txt' [replace | ignore]
into table tbl_name
[fields
[terminated by't']
[OPTIONALLY] enclosed by '']
[escaped by'\' ]]
[lines terminated by'n']
[ignore number lines]
[(col_name,   )]

说明：

• 如果指定low_priority关键词，那么MySQL将会等到没有其他人读这个表的时候，才把插入数据
• 如果指定local关键词，则表明从客户主机读文件。如果local没指定，文件必须位于服务器上
• replace和ignore关键词控制对现有的唯一键记录的重复的处理。如果你指定replace，新行将代替有相同的唯一键值的现有行。如果你指定ignore，跳过有唯一键的现有行的重复行的输入
• fields关键字指定了文件记段的分割格式，如果用到这个关键字，MySQL剖析器希望看到至少有下面的一个选项：

        ○ terminated by 分隔符：意思是以什么字符作为分隔符

        ○ enclosed by 字段括起字符

        ○ escaped by 转义字符

        ○ terminated by 描述字段的分隔符，默认情况下是tab字符（\t）

        ○ enclosed by 描述的是字段的括起字符。

        ○ escaped by 描述的转义字符。默认的是反斜杠（backslash：\ ）

        ○ lines 关键字指定了每条记录的分隔符默认为’\n’即为换行符

举例子

1.文件数据(只用少量数据演示，实际上楼主的文件有两百万条数据)

1,100000003145001,华为Meta1,87901,9961,100,https://m.360buyimg.com/mobilecms/s720x720_jfs/t5590/64/5811657380/234462/5398e856/5965e173N34179777.jpg!q70.jpg.webp,https://m.360buyimg.com/mobilecms/s720x720_jfs/t5590/64/5811657380/234462/5398e856/5965e173N34179777.jpg!q70.jpg.webp,10,2019-05-01,2019-05-01,真皮包,viney,白色1,39,0,1
2,100000003145002,华为Meta2,3,9946,100,https://m.360buyimg.com/mobilecms/s720x720_jfs/t23998/350/2363990466/222391/a6e9581d/5b7cba5bN0c18fb4f.jpg!q70.jpg.webp,https://m.360buyimg.com/mobilecms/s720x720_jfs/t23998/350/2363990466/222391/a6e9581d/5b7cba5bN0c18fb4f.jpg!q70.jpg.webp,10,2019-05-01,2019-05-01,拉拉裤,巴布豆,白色2,54,0,1
3,100000003145003,华为Meta3,78903,9993,100,https://m.360buyimg.com/mobilecms/s720x720_jfs/t1/25363/12/2929/274060/5c21df3aE1789bda7/030af31afd116ae0.jpg!q70.jpg.webp,https://m.360buyimg.com/mobilecms/s720x720_jfs/t1/25363/12/2929/274060/5c21df3aE1789bda7/030af31afd116ae0.jpg!q70.jpg.webp,10,2019-05-01,2019-05-01,拉杆箱,莎米特,白色3,7,0,1
4,100000003145004,华为Meta4,26604,10000,100,https://m.360buyimg.com/mobilecms/s720x720_jfs/t1/25363/12/2929/274060/5c21df3aE1789bda7/030af31afd116ae0.jpg!q70.jpg.webp,https://m.360buyimg.com/mobilecms/s720x720_jfs/t1/25363/12/2929/274060/5c21df3aE1789bda7/030af31afd116ae0.jpg!q70.jpg.webp,10,2019-05-01,2019-05-01,拉杆箱,莎米特,白色4,0,0,1
5,100000003145005,华为Meta5,40805,9996,100,https://m.360buyimg.com/mobilecms/s720x720_jfs/t22642/312/2563982615/103706/1398b13d/5b865bb3N0409f0d0.jpg!q70.jpg.webp,https://m.360buyimg.com/mobilecms/s720x720_jfs/t22642/312/2563982615/103706/1398b13d/5b865bb3N0409f0d0.jpg!q70.jpg.webp,10,2019-05-01,2019-05-01,手机,华为,白色5,4,0,1
6,100000003145006,华为Meta6,89206,9930,100,https://m.360buyimg.com/mobilecms/s720x720_jfs/t22642/312/2563982615/103706/1398b13d/5b865bb3N0409f0d0.jpg!q70.jpg.webp,https://m.360buyimg.com/mobilecms/s720x720_jfs/t22642/312/2563982615/103706/1398b13d/5b865bb3N0409f0d0.jpg!q70.jpg.webp,10,2019-05-01,2019-05-01,手机,华为,白色6,70,0,1
7,100000003145007,华为Meta7,11707,4,100,https://m.360buyimg.com/mobilecms/s720x720_jfs/t20707/78/2349564629/130172/50a245d8/5b8e00e2Nf0bcd624.jpg!q70.jpg.webp,https://m.360buyimg.com/mobilecms/s720x720_jfs/t20707/78/2349564629/130172/50a245d8/5b8e00e2Nf0bcd624.jpg!q70.jpg.webp,10,2019-05-01,2019-05-01,手机,vivo,白色7,1,0,1
8,100000003145008,华为Meta8,99808,9994,100,https://m.360buyimg.com/mobilecms/s720x720_jfs/t26281/196/340140952/94362/c353173/5b8f6e63N56334c08.jpg!q70.jpg.webp,https://m.360buyimg.com/mobilecms/s720x720_jfs/t26281/196/340140952/94362/c353173/5b8f6e63N56334c08.jpg!q70.jpg.webp,10,2019-05-01,2019-05-01,老花镜,夕阳红,白色8,6,0,1
9,100000003145009,华为Meta9,41709,10000,100,https://m.360buyimg.com/mobilecms/s720x720_jfs/t26281/196/340140952/94362/c353173/5b8f6e63N56334c08.jpg!q70.jpg.webp,https://m.360buyimg.com/mobilecms/s720x720_jfs/t26281/196/340140952/94362/c353173/5b8f6e63N56334c08.jpg!q70.jpg.webp,10,2019-05-01,2019-05-01,老花镜,夕阳红,白色9,0,0,1
10,1000000031450010,华为Meta10,23710,10000,100,https://m.360buyimg.com/mobilecms/s720x720_jfs/t26281/196/340140952/94362/c353173/5b8f6e63N56334c08.jpg!q70.jpg.webp,https://m.360buyimg.com/mobilecms/s720x720_jfs/t26281/196/340140952/94362/c353173/5b8f6e63N56334c08.jpg!q70.jpg.webp,10,2019-05-01,2019-05-01,老花镜,夕阳红,白色10,0,0,1
11,1000000031450011,华为Meta11,86111,10000,100,https://m.360buyimg.com/mobilecms/s720x720_jfs/t26281/196/340140952/94362/c353173/5b8f6e63N56334c08.jpg!q70.jpg.webp,https://m.360buyimg.com/mobilecms/s720x720_jfs/t26281/196/340140952/94362/c353173/5b8f6e63N56334c08.jpg!q70.jpg.webp,10,2019-05-01,2019-05-01,老花镜,夕阳红,白色11,0,0,1
12,1000000031450012,华为Meta12,11312,9999,100,https://m.360buyimg.com/mobilecms/s720x720_jfs/t25867/102/1274759920/233086/96f7fc46/5b909851N02396afd.jpg!q70.jpg.webp,https://m.360buyimg.com/mobilecms/s720x720_jfs/t25867/102/1274759920/233086/96f7fc46/5b909851N02396afd.jpg!q70.jpg.webp,10,2019-05-01,2019-05-01,老花镜,ARNO FOCUS ON YOUR EYES,白色12,1,0,1
13,1000000031450013,华为Meta13,99013,10000,100,https://m.360buyimg.com/mobilecms/s720x720_jfs/t25867/102/1274759920/233086/96f7fc46/5b909851N02396afd.jpg!q70.jpg.webp,https://m.360buyimg.com/mobilecms/s720x720_jfs/t25867/102/1274759920/233086/96f7fc46/5b909851N02396afd.jpg!q70.jpg.webp,10,2019-05-01,2019-05-01,老花镜,ARNO FOCUS ON YOUR EYES,白色13,0,0,1
14,1000000031450014,华为Meta14,75314,10000,100,https://m.360buyimg.com/mobilecms/s720x720_jfs/t1/4364/38/240/219619/5b909979E13d29469/7c908af4d61cf659.jpg!q70.jpg.webp,https://m.360buyimg.com/mobilecms/s720x720_jfs/t1/4364/38/240/219619/5b909979E13d29469/7c908af4d61cf659.jpg!q70.jpg.webp,10,2019-05-01,2019-05-01,老花镜,ARNO FOCUS ON YOUR EYES,白色14,0,0,1
15,1000000031450015,华为Meta15,69915,10000,100,https://m.360buyimg.com/mobilecms/s720x720_jfs/t25867/102/1274759920/233086/96f7fc46/5b909851N02396afd.jpg!q70.jpg.webp,https://m.360buyimg.com/mobilecms/s720x720_jfs/t25867/102/1274759920/233086/96f7fc46/5b909851N02396afd.jpg!q70.jpg.webp,10,2019-05-01,2019-05-01,老花镜,ARNO FOCUS ON YOUR EYES,白色15,0,0,1

2.表结构(提前把表创建好)

CREATE TABLE `tb_sku` (
  `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '商品id',
  `sn` varchar(100) NOT NULL COMMENT '商品条码',
  `name` varchar(200) NOT NULL COMMENT 'SKU名称',
  `price` int(20) NOT NULL COMMENT '价格（分）',
  `num` int(10) NOT NULL COMMENT '库存数量',
  `alert_num` int(11) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '库存预警数量',
  `image` varchar(200) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '商品图片',
  `images` varchar(2000) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '商品图片列表',
  `weight` int(11) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '重量（克）',
  `create_time` datetime DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '创建时间',
  `update_time` datetime DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '更新时间',
  `category_name` varchar(200) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '类目名称',
  `brand_name` varchar(100) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '品牌名称',
  `spec` varchar(200) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '规格',
  `sale_num` int(11) DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '销量',
  `comment_num` int(11) DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '评论数',
  `status` char(1) DEFAULT '1' COMMENT '商品状态 1-正常，2-下架，3-删除',
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COMMENT='商品表';

 3.导入命令

load data local infile 'D:/mysqlData/MySQL Server 8.0/Data/tb_sku1.sql' into table `tb_sku` fields terminated by ',' lines terminated by '\n';

 200w条测试数据(文件大小700M)，40秒左右导入完成。

如果执行load报错，可能mysql读取file的权限没放开，可参考博文

https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_53046747/article/details/125550518

https://blog.csdn.net/m0_47944051/article/details/106402022