git命令、gitee代码下载与上传

一、git命令

1. 配置工具

为所有本地存储库配置用户信息
设置要关联到提交事务的名称和邮箱

$ git config --global user.name "[name]"

$ git config --global user.email "[email address]"

启用命令行有用的着色

$ git config --global color.ui auto

2. 创建存储库

启动一个新存储库或从现有 URL 获取一个

$ git init [project-name]
#Creates a new local repository with the specified name
$ git clone [url]
#Downloads a project and its entire version history

3. 做出改变

查看编辑并制作提交事务

$ git status
#Lists all new or modified files to be committed
$ git add [file]
#Snapshots the file in preparation for versioning
$ git reset [file]
#Unstages the file, but preserve its contents
$ git diff
#Shows file differences not yet staged
$ git diff --staged
#Shows file differences between staging and the last file version
$ git commit -m "[descriptive message]"
#Records file snapshots permanently in version history

4. 组变动

命名一系列提交并结合已完成的工作

$ git branch
#Lists all local branches in the current repository
$ git branch [branch-name]
#Creates a new branch
$ git checkout [branch-name]
#Switches to the specified branch and updates the working directory
$ git merge [branch]
#Combines the specified branch’s history into the current branch
$ git branch -d [branch-name]
#Deletes the specified branch

5. 重构文件名

重新定位和删除版本化文件

$ git rm [file]
#Deletes the file from the working directory and stages the deletion
$ git rm --cached [file]
#Removes the file from version control but preserves the file locally
$ git mv [file-original] [file-renamed]
#Changes the file name and prepares it for commit

6. 同步更改

注册存储库书签并交换版本历史记录

$ git fetch [bookmark]
#Downloads all history from the repository bookmark
$ git merge [bookmark]/[branch]
#Combines bookmark’s branch into current local branch
$ git push [alias] [branch]
#Uploads all local branch commits to GitHub
$ git pull
#Downloads bookmark history and incorporates changes

7. 禁止跟踪

排除临时文件和路径

$ git ls-files --other --ignored --exclude-standard
#Lists all ignored files in this project

8. 保存片段

搁置和恢复不完整的更改

$ git stash
#Temporarily stores all modified tracked files
$ git stash list
#Lists all stashed changesets
$ git stash pop
#Restores the most recently stashed files
$ git stash drop
#Discards the most recently stashed changeset

9. 查看历史

浏览和检查项目文件的演变

$ git log
#Lists version history for the current branch
$ git log --follow [file]
#Lists version history for a file, including renames
$ git diff [first-branch]...[second-branch]
#Shows content differences between two branches
$ git show [commit]
#Outputs metadata and content changes of the specified commit

10. 重做提交

擦除错误并制作更换历史

$ git reset [commit]
#Undoes all commits after [commit], preserving changes locally
$ git reset --hard [commit]
#Discards all history and changes back to the specified commit

二、gitee上代码下载与上传

1. 克隆仓库到本地

在克隆/下载的复制SSH里的git链接

在桌面右击，选择Git Bash Here，

使用命令git clone +复制的链接

克隆成功，可在桌面看到相关文件

2. 关联本地工程到远程仓库

在本地库上使用命令 git remote add把它和 gitee 的远程库关联，如下

git remote add origin [email protected]:username/test1.git

如果在使用命令 git remote add时报错：

git remote add origin [email protected]:username/test1.git
fatal: remote origin already exists.

说明本地库已经关联了一个名叫 origin的远程库，此时，可以先用git remote -v查看远程库信息：

git remote -v
origin [email protected]:username/test1.git (fetch)
origin [email protected]:username/test1.git (push)

可以删除已有的远程库

git remote rm origin

再关联远程库

git remote add origin [email protected]:username/test1.git

3. 上传文件

在本地添加test_pushFile.txt文件，

打开git，执行git的add、commit、push命令，即可将本地文件上传到远程仓库。进入工程文件，添加并提交事务：

push到远程仓库

刷新gitee网页，看见文件成功上传了。