❌pod节点启动失败，nginx服务无法正常访问，服务状态显示为ImagePullBackOff。
[root@m1 ~]# kubectl get pods NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE nginx-f89759699-cgjgp 0/1 ImagePullBackOff 0 103m
查看nginx服务的Pod节点详细信息。
[root@m1 ~]# kubectl describe pod nginx-f89759699-cgjgp
Name: nginx-f89759699-cgjgp
Namespace: default
Priority: 0
Service Account: default
Node: n1/192.168.200.84
Start Time: Fri, 10 Mar 2023 08:40:33 +0800
Labels: app=nginx
pod-template-hash=f89759699
Annotations:
Status: Pending
IP: 10.244.3.20
IPs:
IP: 10.244.3.20
Controlled By: ReplicaSet/nginx-f89759699
Containers:
nginx:
Container ID:
Image: nginx
Image ID:
Port:
Host Port:
State: Waiting
Reason: ImagePullBackOff
Ready: False
Restart Count: 0
Environment:
Mounts:
/var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount from default-token-zk8sj (ro)
Conditions:
Type Status
Initialized True
Ready False
ContainersReady False
PodScheduled True
Volumes:
default-token-zk8sj:
Type: Secret (a volume populated by a Secret)
SecretName: default-token-zk8sj
Optional: false
QoS Class: BestEffort
Node-Selectors:
Tolerations: node.kubernetes.io/not-ready:NoExecute op=Exists for 300s
node.kubernetes.io/unreachable:NoExecute op=Exists for 300s
Events:
Type Reason Age From Message
---- ------ ---- ---- -------
Normal BackOff 57m (x179 over 100m) kubelet Back-off pulling image "nginx"
Normal Pulling 7m33s (x22 over 100m) kubelet Pulling image "nginx"
Warning Failed 2m30s (x417 over 100m) kubelet Error: ImagePullBackOff
发现，获取nginx镜像失败。可能是由于Docker服务引起的。
于是，检查Docker是否正常启动
systemctl status docker
发现，docker服务启动失败，手动尝试重新启动。
systemctl restart docker
但是，重启docker服务失败，出现如下报错信息。
[root@m1 ~]# systemctl restart docker Job for docker.service failed because the control process exited with error code. See "systemctl status docker.service" and "journalctl -xe" for details.
执行systemctl restart docker命令失效。
接着，当执行docker version命令时，发现未能连接到Docker daemon
[root@m1 ~]# docker version Client: Docker Engine - Community Version: 20.10.17 API version: 1.41 Go version: go1.17.11 Git commit: 100c701 Built: Mon Jun 6 23:03:11 2022 OS/Arch: linux/amd64 Context: default Experimental: true Cannot connect to the Docker daemon at unix:///var/run/docker.sock. Is the docker daemon running?
于是，再次通过执行systemctl status docker命令，查看docker服务未能启动，阅读输出报错信息，如下所示。
[root@m1 ~]# systemctl status docker
● docker.service - Docker Application Container Engine
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: failed (Result: exit-code) since Fri 2023-03-10 10:28:16 CST; 4min 35s ago
Docs: https://docs.docker.com
Main PID: 2221 (code=exited, status=1/FAILURE)
Mar 10 10:28:13 m1 systemd[1]: docker.service: Main process exited, code=exited, status=1/FAILURE
Mar 10 10:28:13 m1 systemd[1]: docker.service: Failed with result 'exit-code'.
Mar 10 10:28:13 m1 systemd[1]: Failed to start Docker Application Container Engine.
Mar 10 10:28:16 m1 systemd[1]: docker.service: Service RestartSec=2s expired, scheduling restart.
Mar 10 10:28:16 m1 systemd[1]: docker.service: Scheduled restart job, restart counter is at 3.
Mar 10 10:28:16 m1 systemd[1]: Stopped Docker Application Container Engine.
Mar 10 10:28:16 m1 systemd[1]: docker.service: Start request repeated too quickly.
Mar 10 10:28:16 m1 systemd[1]: docker.service: Failed with result 'exit-code'.
Mar 10 10:28:16 m1 systemd[1]: Failed to start Docker Application Container Engine.
[root@m1 ~]#
通过上述输出显示，Docker 服务进程的启动失败，状态为 1/FAILURE。
✅接下来，尝试通过以下步骤来排查和解决问题：
1️⃣查看 Docker 服务日志：使用以下命令查看 Docker 服务日志，以便更详细地了解失败原因。
sudo journalctl -u docker.service
2️⃣ 通过输出Ddocker日志分析，提取到了相关报错信息片段，发现是配置daemon中的/etc/docker/daemon.json配置文件出错导致的。
Mar 10 10:20:17 m1 systemd[1]: Starting Docker Application Container Engine... Mar 10 10:20:17 m1 dockerd[1572]: unable to configure the Docker daemon with file /etc/docker/daemon.json: invalid character '"' after object key:value pair Mar 10 10:20:17 m1 systemd[1]: docker.service: Main process exited, code=exited, status=1/FAILURE Mar 10 10:20:17 m1 systemd[1]: docker.service: Failed with result 'exit-code'. Mar 10 10:20:17 m1 systemd[1]: Failed to start Docker Application Container Engine. Mar 10 10:20:19 m1 systemd[1]: docker.service: Service RestartSec=2s expired, scheduling restart. Mar 10 10:20:19 m1 systemd[1]: docker.service: Scheduled restart job, restart counter is at 2. Mar 10 10:20:19 m1 systemd[1]: Stopped Docker Application Container Engine.
3️⃣此时，查看daemon配置文件/etc/docker/daemon.json是否配置正确。
[root@m1 ~]# cat /etc/docker/daemon.json
{
# 设置 Docker 镜像的注册表镜像源为阿里云镜像源。
"registry-mirrors": ["https://w2kavmmf.mirror.aliyuncs.com"]
# 指定 Docker 守护进程使用 systemd 作为 cgroup driver。
"exec-opts": ["native.cgroupdriver=systemd"]
}
咋一看，配置信息没有什么问题，都是正确的，但仔细一看，就会发现应该在"registry-mirrors"选项的结尾添加逗号。犯了缺少逗号（,）导致的语法错误，终于找到了问题根源。
修改后：
[root@m1 ~]# cat /etc/docker/daemon.json
{
"registry-mirrors": ["https://w2kavmmf.mirror.aliyuncs.com"],
"exec-opts": ["native.cgroupdriver=systemd"]
}
[root@m1 ~]# cat /etc/docker/daemon.json
{
"registry-mirrors": ["https://w2kavmmf.mirror.aliyuncs.com"],
"exec-opts": ["native.cgroupdriver=systemd"]
}
按下:wq报错退出。
4️⃣ 重新加载系统并重新启动Docker服务
systemctl daemon-reload systemctl restart docker systemctl status docker
5️⃣检查docker版本信息是否输出正常
[root@m1 ~]# docket version -bash: docket: command not found [root@m1 ~]# docker version Client: Docker Engine - Community Version: 20.10.17 API version: 1.41 Go version: go1.17.11 Git commit: 100c701 Built: Mon Jun 6 23:03:11 2022 OS/Arch: linux/amd64 Context: default Experimental: true Server: Docker Engine - Community Engine: Version: 20.10.17 API version: 1.41 (minimum version 1.12) Go version: go1.17.11 Git commit: a89b842 Built: Mon Jun 6 23:01:29 2022 OS/Arch: linux/amd64 Experimental: false containerd: Version: 1.6.6 GitCommit: 10c12954828e7c7c9b6e0ea9b0c02b01407d3ae1 runc: Version: 1.1.2 GitCommit: v1.1.2-0-ga916309 docker-init: Version: 0.19.0 GitCommit: de40ad0
[root@m1 ~]# docker info Client: Context: default Debug Mode: false Plugins: app: Docker App (Docker Inc., v0.9.1-beta3) buildx: Docker Buildx (Docker Inc., v0.8.2-docker) scan: Docker Scan (Docker Inc., v0.17.0) Server: Containers: 20 Running: 8 Paused: 0 Stopped: 12 Images: 20 Server Version: 20.10.17 Storage Driver: overlay2 Backing Filesystem: xfs Supports d_type: true Native Overlay Diff: true userxattr: false Logging Driver: json-file Cgroup Driver: systemd Cgroup Version: 1 Plugins: Volume: local Network: bridge host ipvlan macvlan null overlay Log: awslogs fluentd gcplogs gelf journald json-file local logentries splunk syslog Swarm: inactive Runtimes: io.containerd.runc.v2 io.containerd.runtime.v1.linux runc Default Runtime: runc Init Binary: docker-init containerd version: 10c12954828e7c7c9b6e0ea9b0c02b01407d3ae1 runc version: v1.1.2-0-ga916309 init version: de40ad0 Security Options: seccomp Profile: default Kernel Version: 4.18.0-372.9.1.el8.x86_64 Operating System: Rocky Linux 8.6 (Green Obsidian) OSType: linux Architecture: x86_64 CPUs: 2 Total Memory: 9.711GiB Name: m1 ID: 4YIS:FHSB:YXRI:CED5:PJSJ:EAS2:BCR3:GJJF:FDPK:EDJH:DVKU:AIYJ Docker Root Dir: /var/lib/docker Debug Mode: false Registry: https://index.docker.io/v1/ Labels: Experimental: false Insecure Registries: 127.0.0.0/8 Registry Mirrors: https://w2kavmmf.mirror.aliyuncs.com/ Live Restore Enabled: false
至此，Docker服务重启成功，pod节点恢复正常，Nginx服务能够正常访问。
[root@m1 ~]# kubectl get pods NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE nginx-f89759699-cgjgp 1/1 Running 0 174m
查看pod详细信息，显示正常。
[root@m1 ~]# kubectl describe pod nginx-f89759699-cgjgp
Name: nginx-f89759699-cgjgp
Namespace: default
Priority: 0
Service Account: default
Node: n1/192.168.200.84
Start Time: Fri, 10 Mar 2023 08:40:33 +0800
Labels: app=nginx
pod-template-hash=f89759699
Annotations:
Status: Running
IP: 10.244.3.20
IPs:
IP: 10.244.3.20
Controlled By: ReplicaSet/nginx-f89759699
Containers:
nginx:
Container ID: docker://88bdc2bfa592f60bf99bac2125b0adae005118ae8f2f271225245f20b7cfb3c8
Image: nginx
Image ID: docker-pullable://nginx@sha256:aa0afebbb3cfa473099a62c4b32e9b3fb73ed23f2a75a65ce1d4b4f55a5c2ef2
Port:
Host Port:
State: Running
Started: Fri, 10 Mar 2023 10:37:42 +0800
Ready: True
Restart Count: 0
Environment:
Mounts:
/var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount from default-token-zk8sj (ro)
Conditions:
Type Status
Initialized True
Ready True
ContainersReady True
PodScheduled True
Volumes:
default-token-zk8sj:
Type: Secret (a volume populated by a Secret)
SecretName: default-token-zk8sj
Optional: false
QoS Class: BestEffort
Node-Selectors:
Tolerations: node.kubernetes.io/not-ready:NoExecute op=Exists for 300s
node.kubernetes.io/unreachable:NoExecute op=Exists for 300s
Events:
Type Reason Age From Message
---- ------ ---- ---- -------
Normal BackOff 58m (x480 over 171m) kubelet Back-off pulling image "nginx"
[root@m1 ~]#
到此这篇关于Kubernetes中Nginx服务启动失败排查流程(Error: ImagePullBackOff)的文章就介绍到这了,更多相关Nginx服务启动失败内容请搜索脚本之家以前的文章或继续浏览下面的相关文章希望大家以后多多支持脚本之家！