[ROC-RK3568-PC] 手把手教你编译Linux_SDK并打包Ubuntu系统固件

ROC-RK3568-PC入门篇连载进程：

✅ [ROC-RK3568-PC] 手把手教你把出厂的Android系统烧写为Ubuntu系统
✅ [ROC-RK3568-PC] 手把手教你制作Ubuntu系统TF卡启动盘

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在前面主要讲述如何烧写Firefly官方Ubuntu固件到板卡ROC-RK3568-PC，但是身为一名嵌入式开发者，我们需要定制自己Ubuntu固件，那么我们应该如何才能编译并打包出自己的固件呢？别急，这篇给大家揭晓！

一、开发环境搭建

众所周知，编译最让人头疼的就是主机环境问题！假设我手上有其他芯片厂商的板卡，每个厂商的SDK都使用不同的编译环境，而我的Ubuntu主机系统只有一个，那怎么办？

使用Docker容器！

按照Firefly官方维基介绍，推荐使用Ubuntu 18.04，那我们在Docker下搭建一个Ubuntu 18.04系统好了！

1.1 主机安装Docker

照搬我之前写的这篇：Linux工具篇 | Ubuntu搭建Docker容器引擎

1.2 Docker安装Ubuntu 18.04

$ sudo apt update
$ docker pull ubuntu:18.04

切换Shell到Ubuntu 18.04：

$ docker container run -p 8000:3000 -it ubuntu:18.04 /bin/bash
root@32b7b9ddcaab:/# cat /etc/issue
Ubuntu 18.04.6 LTS \n \l

1.3 Ubuntu 18.04安装常用工具

root@32b7b9ddcaab:/# apt update
root@32b7b9ddcaab:/# apt install byobu vim-gtk inetutils-ping net-tools wget cpio unzip rsync xz-utils

过程中需要配置地区，选择亚洲上海：

Configuring tzdata
------------------

Please select the geographic area in which you live. Subsequent configuration questions will narrow this down by presenting a list of cities,
representing the time zones in which they are located.

  1. Africa   3. Antarctica  5. Arctic  7. Atlantic  9. Indian    11. SystemV  13. Etc
  2. America  4. Australia   6. Asia    8. Europe    10. Pacific  12. US
Geographic area: 6

Please select the city or region corresponding to your time zone.

  1. Aden      13. Barnaul     25. Dushanbe     37. Jerusalem     49. Macau         61. Pyongyang      73. Taipei         85. Vientiane
  2. Almaty    14. Beirut      26. Famagusta    38. Kabul         50. Magadan       62. Qatar          74. Tashkent       86. Vladivostok
  3. Amman     15. Bishkek     27. Gaza         39. Kamchatka     51. Makassar      63. Qostanay       75. Tbilisi        87. Yakutsk
  4. Anadyr    16. Brunei      28. Harbin       40. Karachi       52. Manila        64. Qyzylorda      76. Tehran         88. Yangon
  5. Aqtau     17. Chita       29. Hebron       41. Kashgar       53. Muscat        65. Rangoon        77. Tel_Aviv       89. Yekaterinburg
  6. Aqtobe    18. Choibalsan  30. Ho_Chi_Minh  42. Kathmandu     54. Nicosia       66. Riyadh         78. Thimphu        90. Yerevan
  7. Ashgabat  19. Chongqing   31. Hong_Kong    43. Khandyga      55. Novokuznetsk  67. Sakhalin       79. Tokyo
  8. Atyrau    20. Colombo     32. Hovd         44. Kolkata       56. Novosibirsk   68. Samarkand      80. Tomsk
  9. Baghdad   21. Damascus    33. Irkutsk      45. Krasnoyarsk   57. Omsk          69. Seoul          81. Ujung_Pandang
  10. Bahrain  22. Dhaka       34. Istanbul     46. Kuala_Lumpur  58. Oral          70. Shanghai       82. Ulaanbaatar
  11. Baku     23. Dili        35. Jakarta      47. Kuching       59. Phnom_Penh    71. Singapore      83. Urumqi
  12. Bangkok  24. Dubai       36. Jayapura     48. Kuwait        60. Pontianak     72. Srednekolymsk  84. Ust-Nera
Time zone: 70


Current default time zone: 'Asia/Shanghai'
Local time is now:      Tue Nov 30 18:05:30 CST 2021.
Universal Time is now:  Tue Nov 30 10:05:30 UTC 2021.
Run 'dpkg-reconfigure tzdata' if you wish to change it.

设置超级用户：

root@32b7b9ddcaab:/# apt install sudo
root@32b7b9ddcaab:/# visudo

添加自己的用户名，保存并退出：

neutionwei	ALL=(ALL:ALL) ALL

切换到普通用户：

root@32b7b9ddcaab:/# adduser neutionwei
root@32b7b9ddcaab:/# su neutionwei

二、下载Linux_SDK

进入Firefly官方进行下载，链接如下：

https://www.t-firefly.com/doc/download/107.html

大家点击以下图片中指向的地方进行下载：

下载最新版本：

下载完成后首先使用md5sum进行校验：

$ ls
md5sum.txt
README_EN.txt
README.txt
rk356x_linux_release_v1.2.0_20211019_firefly_split.file0
rk356x_linux_release_v1.2.0_20211019_firefly_split.file1
rk356x_linux_release_v1.2.0_20211019_firefly_split.file2
rk356x_linux_release_v1.2.0_20211019_firefly_split.file3
rk356x_linux_release_v1.2.0_20211019_firefly_split.file4

$ md5sum *firefly_split*
b633414d69240faa0c3bd755c255ede8  rk356x_linux_release_v1.2.0_20211019_firefly_split.file0
5cb1e2b63bbb4e3595c731038f6723fd  rk356x_linux_release_v1.2.0_20211019_firefly_split.file1
e06c0f29fd5a870e0942139a1877a470  rk356x_linux_release_v1.2.0_20211019_firefly_split.file2
4e14fbf72ccbb9b87f81d83a256205b0  rk356x_linux_release_v1.2.0_20211019_firefly_split.file3
be8b003703b51e7220e52bb36439a357  rk356x_linux_release_v1.2.0_20211019_firefly_split.file4

确认与目录内的md5sum.txt文件内容无误！

三、编译Linux_SDK

根据Firefly官方维基安装必要工具：

neutionwei@32b7b9ddcaab:/$ sudo apt-get install repo git ssh make gcc libssl-dev liblz4-tool \
expect g++ patchelf chrpath gawk texinfo chrpath diffstat binfmt-support \
qemu-user-static live-build bison flex fakeroot cmake gcc-multilib g++-multilib \
unzip device-tree-compiler python-pip ncurses-dev python-pyelftools

在Ubuntu 18.04新建一个目录：

neutionwei@32b7b9ddcaab:/$ cd ~
neutionwei@32b7b9ddcaab:~$ mkdir project
neutionwei@32b7b9ddcaab:~$ cd project/
neutionwei@32b7b9ddcaab:~/project$ pwd
/home/neutionwei/project

主机使用docker命令把Linux_SDK拷贝到Docker下的Ubuntu 18.04：

$ docker cp rk356x_linux_release_v1.2.0_20211019_split_dir 32b7b9ddcaab:/home/neutionwei/project

解压缩Linux_SDK：

neutionwei@32b7b9ddcaab:~/project$ cat rk356x_linux_release_v1.2.0_20211019_split_dir/*firefly_split* | tar -xzv

同步Linux_SDK：

neutionwei@32b7b9ddcaab:~/project$ cd rk356x_linux_release_20211019
neutionwei@32b7b9ddcaab:~/project/rk356x_linux_release_20211019$ .repo/repo/repo sync -l
neutionwei@32b7b9ddcaab:~/project/rk356x_linux_release_20211019$ .repo/repo/repo sync -c --no-tags
neutionwei@32b7b9ddcaab:~/project/rk356x_linux_release_20211019$ .repo/repo/repo start firefly --all

后续可以使用以下命令更新Linux_SDK：

neutionwei@32b7b9ddcaab:~/project/rk356x_linux_release_20211019$ .repo/repo/repo sync -c --no-tags

配置板卡型号，选择roc-rk3568-pc-ubuntu.mk：

neutionwei@32b7b9ddcaab:~/project/rk356x_linux_release_20211019$ ls
Makefile  build.sh   debian  docs         external  mkfirmware.sh  rkbin       tools   yocto
app       buildroot  device  envsetup.sh  kernel    prebuilts      rkflash.sh  u-boot

neutionwei@32b7b9ddcaab:~/project/rk356x_linux_release_20211019$ ls device/rockchip/rk356x/
BoardConfig-rk3566-evb2-lp4x-v10-32bit.mk        aio-3568j-openwrt.mk                       parameter-buildroot-spi-nor-64M.txt
BoardConfig-rk3566-evb2-lp4x-v10.mk              aio-3568j-ubuntu.mk                        parameter-openwrt.txt
BoardConfig-rk3568-evb1-ddr4-v10-32bit.mk        boot.its                                   parameter-ubuntu-fit.txt
BoardConfig-rk3568-evb1-ddr4-v10-spi-nor-64M.mk  boot4recovery.its                          roc-rk3566-pc-buildroot.mk
BoardConfig-rk3568-evb1-ddr4-v10.mk              bootramdisk.its                            roc-rk3566-pc-lede.mk
BoardConfig-rk3568-nvr-spi-nand.mk               firefly-rk3566-buildroot.mk                roc-rk3566-pc-openwrt.mk
BoardConfig-rk3568-nvr.mk                        firefly-rk3566-ubuntu.mk                   roc-rk3566-pc-ubuntu.mk
BoardConfig-rk3568-uvc-evb1-ddr4-v10.mk          firefly-rk3568-buildroot.mk                roc-rk3568-pc-buildroot.mk
BoardConfig.mk                                   firefly-rk3568-nvr-buildroot.mk            roc-rk3568-pc-lede.mk
aio-3566-jd4-buildroot.mk                        firefly-rk3568-ubuntu.mk                   roc-rk3568-pc-openwrt.mk
aio-3566-jd4-ubuntu.mk                           firefly-rk356x-openwrt.mk                  roc-rk3568-pc-ubuntu.mk
aio-3568j-buildroot.mk                           parameter-buildroot-NVR-128M.txt           station-m2-ubuntu.mk
aio-3568j-lede.mk                                parameter-buildroot-NVR-spi-nand-128M.txt  station-p2-ubuntu.mk
aio-3568j-nvr.mk                                 parameter-buildroot-fit.txt                zboot.its

neutionwei@32b7b9ddcaab:~/project/rk356x_linux_release_20211019$ ./build.sh roc-rk3568-pc-ubuntu.mk
processing option: roc-rk3568-pc-ubuntu.mk
switching to board: /home/neutionwei/project/rk356x_linux_release_20211019/device/rockchip/rk356x/roc-rk3568-pc-ubuntu.mk

开始进行全编译：

neutionwei@32b7b9ddcaab:~/project/rk356x_linux_release_20211019$ ./build.sh all

编译过程中发生的错误：

/bin/sh: 1: bc: not found
Kbuild:42: recipe for target 'include/generated/timeconst.h' failed
make[1]: *** [include/generated/timeconst.h] Error 127
Makefile:1244: recipe for target 'prepare0' failed
make: *** [prepare0] Error 2
make: *** Waiting for unfinished jobs....
  HOSTCC  scripts/recordmcount
  HOSTCC  scripts/dtc/checks.o
  HOSTCC  scripts/dtc/util.o
  LEX     scripts/dtc/dtc-lexer.lex.c
  YACC    scripts/dtc/dtc-parser.tab.h
  HOSTCC  scripts/resource_tool
  HOSTCC  scripts/mkkrnlimg
  HOSTCC  scripts/mod/sumversion.o
  YACC    scripts/dtc/dtc-parser.tab.c
  HOSTCC  scripts/sortextable
  HOSTCC  scripts/dtc/dtc-lexer.lex.o
  HOSTCC  scripts/mod/file2alias.o
  HOSTCC  scripts/asn1_compiler
  HOSTCC  scripts/dtc/dtc-parser.tab.o
  HOSTCC  scripts/extract-cert
  HOSTLD  scripts/mod/modpost
  HOSTLD  scripts/dtc/dtc
ERROR: Running build_kernel failed!
ERROR: exit code 2 from line 561:
    make ARCH=$RK_ARCH $RK_KERNEL_DTS.img -j$RK_JOBS

安装bc命令：

neutionwei@32b7b9ddcaab:~/project/rk356x_linux_release_20211019$ sudo apt install bc

继续全编译：

neutionwei@32b7b9ddcaab:~/project/rk356x_linux_release_20211019$ ./build.sh all

依然有错误：

./build.sh: line 874: /usr/bin/time: No such file or directory
ERROR: Running build_recovery failed!
ERROR: exit code 127 from line 874:
    /usr/bin/time -f "you take %E to build recovery" $COMMON_DIR/mk-ramdisk.sh recovery.img $RK_CFG_RECOVERY

安装time命令：

neutionwei@32b7b9ddcaab:~/project/rk356x_linux_release_20211019$ sudo apt install time

继续全编译：

neutionwei@32b7b9ddcaab:~/project/rk356x_linux_release_20211019$ ./build.sh all

终于编译通过：

you take 0:01.53 to build recovery
====Build recovery ok!====
Running build_recovery succeeded.
Skipping build_ramboot for missing configs:  RK_CFG_RAMBOOT.
Running build_all succeeded.

四、打包Ubuntu系统固件

首先下载Firefly官方的Ubuntu根文件系统：

https://www.t-firefly.com/doc/download/107.html

选择最新版的Ubuntu 20.04：

点击7z文件进行下载（第一项的md5是校验文件）：

把文件拷贝到Ubuntu 18.04：

$ docker cp ubuntu_20.04_RK3568_ext4_v2.10-51-g7ecad547_20211201-1551_DESKTOP.7z 32b7b9ddcaab:/home/neutionwei/project/rk356x_linux_release_20211019

安装7z命令并解压：

neutionwei@32b7b9ddcaab:~/project/rk356x_linux_release_20211019$ sudo apt-get install p7zip-full
neutionwei@32b7b9ddcaab:~/project/rk356x_linux_release_20211019$ 7z x ubuntu_20.04_RK3568_ext4_v2.10-51-g7ecad547_20211201-1551_DESKTOP.7z

新建ubuntu_rootfs目录：

neutionwei@32b7b9ddcaab:~/project/rk356x_linux_release_20211019$ mkdir ubuntu_rootfs

移动根文件系统到ubuntu_rootfs目录：

neutionwei@32b7b9ddcaab:~/project/rk356x_linux_release_20211019$ mv ubuntu_20.04_RK3568_ext4_v2.10-51-g7ecad547_20211201-1551_DESKTOP.img ubuntu_rootfs

建立软链接：

neutionwei@32b7b9ddcaab:~/project/rk356x_linux_release_20211019$ cd ubuntu_rootfs
neutionwei@32b7b9ddcaab:~/project/rk356x_linux_release_20211019/ubuntu_rootfs$ ls
ubuntu_20.04_RK3568_ext4_v2.10-51-g7ecad547_20211201-1551_DESKTOP.img
neutionwei@32b7b9ddcaab:~/project/rk356x_linux_release_20211019/ubuntu_rootfs$ ln -sf ubuntu_20.04_RK3568_ext4_v2.10-51-g7ecad547_20211201-1551_DESKTOP.img rk356x_ubuntu_rootfs.img

更新打包目录软链接：

neutionwei@32b7b9ddcaab:~/project/rk356x_linux_release_20211019/ubuntu_rootfs$ cd ..
neutionwei@32b7b9ddcaab:~/project/rk356x_linux_release_20211019$ ./mkfirmware.sh 
/usr/bin/fakeroot
create rootfs.img...done.
create parameter...done.
/home/neutionwei/project/rk356x_linux_release_20211019/device/rockchip/rk356x/parameter-ubuntu-fit.txt
0x00002000@0x00004000(uboot),0x00002000@0x00006000(misc),0x00020000@0x00008000(boot),0x00020000@0x00028000(recovery),0x00010000@0x00048000(backup),0x00c00000@0x00058000(rootfs),-@0x00c58000(userdata:grow)
create misc.img...done.
warning:   not found!
create uboot.img...done.
create idblock.bin...done.
uboot fotmat type is fit, so ignore trust.img...
create loader...done.
create boot.img...done.
mkupdate.sh will resize the rootfs partition.
 Image: image in rockdev is ready 

打包Ubuntu固件：

neutionwei@32b7b9ddcaab:~/project/rk356x_linux_release_20211019$ ./build.sh updateimg
processing option: updateimg
File name is  ROC-RK3568-PC-UBUNTU20.04-GPT 
Rename the file? [N|y]n
Make update.img
start to make update.img...
Resize rootfs partition size
dumpe2fs 1.44.1 (24-Mar-2018)
Android Firmware Package Tool v1.66
------ PACKAGE ------
Add file: ./package-file
Add file: ./package-file done,offset=0x800,size=0x11a,userspace=0x1
Add file: ./Image/MiniLoaderAll.bin
Add file: ./Image/MiniLoaderAll.bin done,offset=0x1000,size=0x719c0,userspace=0xe4
Add file: ./Image/parameter.txt
Add file: ./Image/parameter.txt done,offset=0x73000,size=0x1d5,userspace=0x1
Add file: ./Image/uboot.img
Add file: ./Image/uboot.img done,offset=0x73800,size=0x400000,userspace=0x800
Add file: ./Image/misc.img
Add file: ./Image/misc.img done,offset=0x473800,size=0xc000,userspace=0x18
Add file: ./Image/boot.img
Add file: ./Image/boot.img done,offset=0x47f800,size=0x1ff4800,userspace=0x3fe9
Add file: ./Image/recovery.img
Add file: ./Image/recovery.img done,offset=0x2474000,size=0x1e23800,userspace=0x3c47
Add file: ./Image/rootfs.img
Add file: ./Image/rootfs.img done,offset=0x4297800,size=0xa744fc00,userspace=0x14e8a0
Add CRC...
Make firmware OK!
------ OK ------
********RKImageMaker ver 1.66********
Generating new image, please wait...
Writing head info...
Writing boot file...
Writing firmware...
Generating MD5 data...
MD5 data generated successfully!
New image generated successfully!
Making ./Image/update.img OK.
Make update image ok!
 /home/neutionwei/project/rk356x_linux_release_20211019/rockdev/pack/ROC-RK3568-PC-UBUNTU20.04-GPT-20211203-2103.img 
Running build_updateimg succeeded.

可以看到我们打包的固件在/home/neutionwei/project/rk356x_linux_release_20211019/rockdev/pack/目录。

在主机使用docker命令把固件拷贝回主机烧写即可：

$ docker cp 32b7b9ddcaab:/home/neutionwei/project/rk356x_linux_release_20211019/rockdev/pack/ROC-RK3568-PC-UBUNTU20.04-GPT-20211203-2103.img .

大家可能好奇为啥根文件系统要放在ubuntu_rootfs目录并建立软链接，我们可以看一下roc-rk3568-pc-ubuntu.mk配置文件：

neutionwei@32b7b9ddcaab:~/project/rk356x_linux_release_20211019$ cat device/rockchip/rk356x/roc-rk3568-pc-ubuntu.mk
#!/bin/bash

CMD=`realpath $BASH_SOURCE`
CUR_DIR=`dirname $CMD`

source $CUR_DIR/firefly-rk3568-ubuntu.mk

# Kernel dts
export RK_KERNEL_DTS=rk3568-firefly-roc-pc
# PRODUCT MODEL
export RK_PRODUCT_MODEL=ROC_RK3568_PC

从这个配置文件中不难看出，这个文件依赖于firefly-rk3568-ubuntu.mk，我们再看看这个文件：

neutionwei@32b7b9ddcaab:~/project/rk356x_linux_release_20211019$ cat device/rockchip/rk356x/firefly-rk3568-ubuntu.mk 
#!/bin/bash

CMD=`realpath $BASH_SOURCE`
CUR_DIR=`dirname $CMD`

source $CUR_DIR/BoardConfig.mk

# Uboot defconfig
export RK_UBOOT_DEFCONFIG=firefly-rk3568
# Kernel defconfig
export RK_KERNEL_DEFCONFIG=firefly_linux_defconfig
# parameter for GPT table
export RK_PARAMETER=parameter-ubuntu-fit.txt
# packagefile for make update image
export RK_PACKAGE_FILE=rk356x-ubuntu-package-file
# build idblock
export RK_IDBLOCK_UPDATE=true
# update spl
export RK_LOADER_UPDATE_SPL=true

# Set rootfs type, including ext2 ext4 squashfs
export RK_ROOTFS_TYPE=ext4
# rootfs image path
export RK_ROOTFS_IMG=ubuntu_rootfs/rk356x_ubuntu_rootfs.img
# recovery ramdisk
export RK_RECOVERY_RAMDISK=rk356x-recovery-arm64.cpio.gz
# recovery ramdisk raw
export RK_RECOVERY_RAMDISK_RAW=rk356x-recovery-arm64-raw.cpio.gz
# Set userdata partition type
export RK_USERDATA_FS_TYPE=ext4
# kernel image format type: fit(flattened image tree)
export RK_KERNEL_FIT_ITS=bootramdisk.its

# Buildroot config
export RK_CFG_BUILDROOT=
# Recovery config
export RK_CFG_RECOVERY=
#OEM config
export RK_OEM_DIR=
#userdata config
export RK_USERDATA_DIR=
# rootfs_system
export RK_ROOTFS_SYSTEM=ubuntu

大家看到这句话了没？哈哈

# rootfs image path
export RK_ROOTFS_IMG=ubuntu_rootfs/rk356x_ubuntu_rootfs.img