全网最全Python netmiko库实现自动化备份网络设备配置、路由、cpu、内存、电源等
文章目录
- 前言
- 一、netmiko 4.1.0版本安装
- 二、自动化备份代码讲解
-
- 1.目录结构
- 2.完整代码详解
- 3.netmiko支持设备
- 三、参考资料
-
- 1.Python官方netmiko库
- 2.Github官方netmiko库
- 三、exe脚本下载
前言
余生平，怎一个懒字了得。
小白Python自动化运维随笔（懒人专属）。
Python版本3.9.12
一、netmiko 4.1.0版本安装
进入CMD，输入下记命令进行安装
pip install netmiko==4.1.0
查看pip安装的组件列表命令
pip list
二、自动化备份代码讲解
1.目录结构
net_config_backup：log备份存放文件夹
devlist.txt：SSH登录设备信息
PE,hp_comware,1.1.1.1,admin,password
PE,huawei,1.1.1.1,admin,password
PE,cisco_ios,1.1.1.1,admin,password
hp_comvare 代表H3C设备
huawei 代表华为设备
cisco_ios 代表思科设备
ssh.py：python代码
2.完整代码详解
from netmiko import ConnectHandler
import time
import os
import shutil
#python 3.9.12
#netmiko 4.1.0
#定义全局变量
Today = time.strftime( "%Y-%m-%d", time.localtime()) #获取本地时间
OsPath = os.path.abspath(".")
OsPath = OsPath.replace('\\', '/') #获取上级目录
FilePath = OsPath
BackPath = OsPath + '/net_config_backup/'
Delimiter = '--------------------------------------------------------------------------'
#华三 华为命令列表
H3cCommandList = ['dis version','dis current-configuration','dis device',
'dis interface brief','dis vlan all',
'dis clock','dis cpu','dis memory','dis power',
'dis fan','dis temperature all','dis logbuffer','dis ospf brief',
'dis ospf peer','dis ospf lsdb','dis bgp peer v4',
'dis bgp routing-table v4', 'dis ip routing-table all-routes']
#浪潮 思科命令列表
InspurCommandList = ['show version','show run','show ip interface brief',
'show interface status','show vlan all','show clock',
'show clock utc','show cpu traffic-limit',
'show cpu traffic-statistics receive',
'show cpu traffic-statistics transmit','show memory',
'show power-info','show logging buffer ']
def make_dir(path_name): #创建文件夹
if os.path.exists(path_name):
shutil.rmtree(path_name) #删除已有文件夹
os.mkdir(path_name)
def txt_write(logname,output,command): #配置写入文档中
time.sleep(1)
wr = open(logname, 'a', encoding='utf-8')
wr.write(command + '\n')
wr.write(output)
wr.write('\n' + Delimiter + '\n')
wr.close
def ssh_session(devlist): ##定义备份函数
list= line.split( ",")
hostname = str( list[0])
devtype = list[1]
ip = list[2]
name = list[3]
devpasswd = list[4]
if devtype == 'hp_comware' or devtype == 'huawei': #H3C 华为设备
net_connect = ConnectHandler(
device_type=devtype,
ip=ip,
username=name,
password=devpasswd,
)
for command in H3cCommandList:
output = net_connect.send_command(command)
logname =BackPath + Today + "/"+ hostname + "__" + ip + "__" + Today + ".log"
txt_write(logname,output,command)
if devtype == 'cisco_ios': #思科 浪潮设备
net_connect = ConnectHandler(
device_type=devtype,
ip=ip,
username=name,
password=devpasswd,
)
for command in InspurCommandList:
output = net_connect.send_command(command)
logname =BackPath + Today + "/"+ hostname + "__" + ip + "__" + Today + ".log"
txt_write(logname,output,command)
if __name__ == '__main__':
make_dir(BackPath + Today + "/")
time.sleep(1)
devlist = open( FilePath + '/devlist.txt', 'r')
for line in devlist.readlines():
line = line.replace('\n', '') #去除\N
line = line.replace(' ', '') #去除空格
ssh_session(line)
devlist.close
3.netmiko支持设备
windows系统默认存放路径及支持设备一览（AppData为文件夹隐藏的项目）
C:\Users\PC-li\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python39\Lib\site-packages\netmiko\ssh_dispatcher.py
# The keys of this dictionary are the supported device_types
CLASS_MAPPER_BASE = {
"a10": A10SSH,
"accedian": AccedianSSH,
"adtran_os": AdtranOSSSH,
"alcatel_aos": AlcatelAosSSH,
"alcatel_sros": NokiaSrosSSH,
"allied_telesis_awplus": AlliedTelesisAwplusSSH,
"apresia_aeos": ApresiaAeosSSH,
"arista_eos": AristaSSH,
"aruba_os": ArubaSSH,
"aruba_osswitch": HPProcurveSSH,
"aruba_procurve": HPProcurveSSH,
"avaya_ers": ExtremeErsSSH,
"avaya_vsp": ExtremeVspSSH,
"broadcom_icos": BroadcomIcosSSH,
"brocade_fos": BrocadeFOSSSH,
"brocade_fastiron": RuckusFastironSSH,
"brocade_netiron": ExtremeNetironSSH,
"brocade_nos": ExtremeNosSSH,
"brocade_vdx": ExtremeNosSSH,
"brocade_vyos": VyOSSSH,
"checkpoint_gaia": CheckPointGaiaSSH,
"calix_b6": CalixB6SSH,
"cdot_cros": CdotCrosSSH,
"centec_os": CentecOSSSH,
"ciena_saos": CienaSaosSSH,
"cisco_asa": CiscoAsaSSH,
"cisco_ftd": CiscoFtdSSH,
"cisco_ios": CiscoIosSSH,
"cisco_nxos": CiscoNxosSSH,
"cisco_s300": CiscoS300SSH,
"cisco_tp": CiscoTpTcCeSSH,
"cisco_viptela": CiscoViptelaSSH,
"cisco_wlc": CiscoWlcSSH,
"cisco_xe": CiscoIosSSH,
"cisco_xr": CiscoXrSSH,
"cloudgenix_ion": CloudGenixIonSSH,
"coriant": CoriantSSH,
"dell_dnos9": DellForce10SSH,
"dell_force10": DellForce10SSH,
"dell_os6": DellDNOS6SSH,
"dell_os9": DellForce10SSH,
"dell_os10": DellOS10SSH,
"dell_sonic": DellSonicSSH,
"dell_powerconnect": DellPowerConnectSSH,
"dell_isilon": DellIsilonSSH,
"dlink_ds": DlinkDSSSH,
"endace": EndaceSSH,
"eltex": EltexSSH,
"eltex_esr": EltexEsrSSH,
"enterasys": EnterasysSSH,
"ericsson_ipos": EricssonIposSSH,
"extreme": ExtremeExosSSH,
"extreme_ers": ExtremeErsSSH,
"extreme_exos": ExtremeExosSSH,
"extreme_netiron": ExtremeNetironSSH,
"extreme_nos": ExtremeNosSSH,
"extreme_slx": ExtremeSlxSSH,
"extreme_tierra": ExtremeTierraSSH,
"extreme_vdx": ExtremeNosSSH,
"extreme_vsp": ExtremeVspSSH,
"extreme_wing": ExtremeWingSSH,
"f5_ltm": F5TmshSSH,
"f5_tmsh": F5TmshSSH,
"f5_linux": F5LinuxSSH,
"flexvnf": FlexvnfSSH,
"fortinet": FortinetSSH,
"generic": GenericSSH,
"generic_termserver": TerminalServerSSH,
"hp_comware": HPComwareSSH,
"hp_procurve": HPProcurveSSH,
"huawei": HuaweiSSH,
"huawei_smartax": HuaweiSmartAXSSH,
"huawei_olt": HuaweiSmartAXSSH,
"huawei_vrpv8": HuaweiVrpv8SSH,
"ipinfusion_ocnos": IpInfusionOcNOSSSH,
"juniper": JuniperSSH,
"juniper_junos": JuniperSSH,
"juniper_screenos": JuniperScreenOsSSH,
"keymile": KeymileSSH,
"keymile_nos": KeymileNOSSSH,
"linux": LinuxSSH,
"mikrotik_routeros": MikrotikRouterOsSSH,
"mikrotik_switchos": MikrotikSwitchOsSSH,
"mellanox": MellanoxMlnxosSSH,
"mellanox_mlnxos": MellanoxMlnxosSSH,
"mrv_lx": MrvLxSSH,
"mrv_optiswitch": MrvOptiswitchSSH,
"netapp_cdot": NetAppcDotSSH,
"netgear_prosafe": NetgearProSafeSSH,
"netscaler": NetscalerSSH,
"nokia_sros": NokiaSrosSSH,
"oneaccess_oneos": OneaccessOneOSSSH,
"ovs_linux": OvsLinuxSSH,
"paloalto_panos": PaloAltoPanosSSH,
"pluribus": PluribusSSH,
"quanta_mesh": QuantaMeshSSH,
"rad_etx": RadETXSSH,
"raisecom_roap": RaisecomRoapSSH,
"ruckus_fastiron": RuckusFastironSSH,
"ruijie_os": RuijieOSSSH,
"sixwind_os": SixwindOSSSH,
"sophos_sfos": SophosSfosSSH,
"supermicro_smis": SmciSwitchSmisSSH,
"tplink_jetstream": TPLinkJetStreamSSH,
"ubiquiti_edge": UbiquitiEdgeSSH,
"ubiquiti_edgerouter": UbiquitiEdgeRouterSSH,
"ubiquiti_edgeswitch": UbiquitiEdgeSSH,
"ubiquiti_unifiswitch": UbiquitiUnifiSwitchSSH,
"vyatta_vyos": VyOSSSH,
"vyos": VyOSSSH,
"watchguard_fireware": WatchguardFirewareSSH,
"zte_zxros": ZteZxrosSSH,
"yamaha": YamahaSSH,
"zyxel_os": ZyxelSSH,
}
三、参考资料
1.Python官方netmiko库
2.Github官方netmiko库
三、exe脚本下载
目前支持win10版本下，H3C、华为、浪潮、思科设备。
下载地址在我的博客资源里