YOLOV7改进-添加EIoU,SIoU,AlphaIoU,FocalEIoU,Wise-IoU

在YoloV7中添加EIoU,SIoU,AlphaIoU,FocalEIoU,Wise-IoU.

yolov7中box_iou其默认用的是CIoU，其中代码还带有GIoU，DIoU, AlphaIoU，文件路径：utils/general.py，函数名为：bbox_iou

def bbox_iou(box1, box2, x1y1x2y2=True, GIoU=False, DIoU=False, CIoU=False, eps=1e-7):
    # Returns the IoU of box1 to box2. box1 is 4, box2 is nx4
    box2 = box2.T

    # Get the coordinates of bounding boxes
    if x1y1x2y2:  # x1, y1, x2, y2 = box1
        b1_x1, b1_y1, b1_x2, b1_y2 = box1[0], box1[1], box1[2], box1[3]
        b2_x1, b2_y1, b2_x2, b2_y2 = box2[0], box2[1], box2[2], box2[3]
    else:  # transform from xywh to xyxy
        b1_x1, b1_x2 = box1[0] - box1[2] / 2, box1[0] + box1[2] / 2
        b1_y1, b1_y2 = box1[1] - box1[3] / 2, box1[1] + box1[3] / 2
        b2_x1, b2_x2 = box2[0] - box2[2] / 2, box2[0] + box2[2] / 2
        b2_y1, b2_y2 = box2[1] - box2[3] / 2, box2[1] + box2[3] / 2

    # Intersection area
    inter = (torch.min(b1_x2, b2_x2) - torch.max(b1_x1, b2_x1)).clamp(0) * \
            (torch.min(b1_y2, b2_y2) - torch.max(b1_y1, b2_y1)).clamp(0)

    # Union Area
    w1, h1 = b1_x2 - b1_x1, b1_y2 - b1_y1 + eps
    w2, h2 = b2_x2 - b2_x1, b2_y2 - b2_y1 + eps
    union = w1 * h1 + w2 * h2 - inter + eps

    iou = inter / union

    if GIoU or DIoU or CIoU:
        cw = torch.max(b1_x2, b2_x2) - torch.min(b1_x1, b2_x1)  # convex (smallest enclosing box) width
        ch = torch.max(b1_y2, b2_y2) - torch.min(b1_y1, b2_y1)  # convex height
        if CIoU or DIoU:  # Distance or Complete IoU https://arxiv.org/abs/1911.08287v1
            c2 = cw ** 2 + ch ** 2 + eps  # convex diagonal squared
            rho2 = ((b2_x1 + b2_x2 - b1_x1 - b1_x2) ** 2 +
                    (b2_y1 + b2_y2 - b1_y1 - b1_y2) ** 2) / 4  # center distance squared
            if DIoU:
                return iou - rho2 / c2  # DIoU
            elif CIoU:  # https://github.com/Zzh-tju/DIoU-SSD-pytorch/blob/master/utils/box/box_utils.py#L47
                v = (4 / math.pi ** 2) * torch.pow(torch.atan(w2 / (h2 + eps)) - torch.atan(w1 / (h1 + eps)), 2)
                with torch.no_grad():
                    alpha = v / (v - iou + (1 + eps))
                return iou - (rho2 / c2 + v * alpha)  # CIoU
        else:  # GIoU https://arxiv.org/pdf/1902.09630.pdf
            c_area = cw * ch + eps  # convex area
            return iou - (c_area - union) / c_area  # GIoU
    else:
        return iou  # IoU

我们可以看到函数顶部，有GIoU，DIoU，CIoU的bool参数可以选择，如果全部为False的时候，其会返回最普通的Iou，如果其中一个为True的时候，即返回设定为True的那个Iou。

那么重点来了，我们怎么在这个函数里面添加EIoU,SIoU,AlphaIoU,FocalEIoU呢？

我们只需要把上面提及到的这个函数替换成以下，代码出自：github链接，这个github上还有一些yolov5的改进源码和一些常用的脚本，有兴趣可以去看看，请各位也帮忙点个star支持下，谢谢！

def bbox_iou(box1, box2, x1y1x2y2=True, GIoU=False, DIoU=False, CIoU=False, SIoU=False, EIoU=False, Focal=False, alpha=1, gamma=0.5, eps=1e-7):
    # Returns the IoU of box1 to box2. box1 is 4, box2 is nx4
    box2 = box2.T

    # Get the coordinates of bounding boxes
    if x1y1x2y2:  # x1, y1, x2, y2 = box1
        b1_x1, b1_y1, b1_x2, b1_y2 = box1[0], box1[1], box1[2], box1[3]
        b2_x1, b2_y1, b2_x2, b2_y2 = box2[0], box2[1], box2[2], box2[3]
    else:  # transform from xywh to xyxy
        b1_x1, b1_x2 = box1[0] - box1[2] / 2, box1[0] + box1[2] / 2
        b1_y1, b1_y2 = box1[1] - box1[3] / 2, box1[1] + box1[3] / 2
        b2_x1, b2_x2 = box2[0] - box2[2] / 2, box2[0] + box2[2] / 2
        b2_y1, b2_y2 = box2[1] - box2[3] / 2, box2[1] + box2[3] / 2

    # Intersection area
    inter = (torch.min(b1_x2, b2_x2) - torch.max(b1_x1, b2_x1)).clamp(0) * \
            (torch.min(b1_y2, b2_y2) - torch.max(b1_y1, b2_y1)).clamp(0)

    # Union Area
    w1, h1 = b1_x2 - b1_x1, b1_y2 - b1_y1 + eps
    w2, h2 = b2_x2 - b2_x1, b2_y2 - b2_y1 + eps
    union = w1 * h1 + w2 * h2 - inter + eps

    # IoU
    # iou = inter / union # ori iou
    iou = torch.pow(inter/(union + eps), alpha) # alpha iou
    if CIoU or DIoU or GIoU or EIoU or SIoU:
        cw = b1_x2.maximum(b2_x2) - b1_x1.minimum(b2_x1)  # convex (smallest enclosing box) width
        ch = b1_y2.maximum(b2_y2) - b1_y1.minimum(b2_y1)  # convex height
        if CIoU or DIoU or EIoU or SIoU:  # Distance or Complete IoU https://arxiv.org/abs/1911.08287v1
            c2 = (cw ** 2 + ch ** 2) ** alpha + eps  # convex diagonal squared
            rho2 = (((b2_x1 + b2_x2 - b1_x1 - b1_x2) ** 2 + (b2_y1 + b2_y2 - b1_y1 - b1_y2) ** 2) / 4) ** alpha  # center dist ** 2
            if CIoU:  # https://github.com/Zzh-tju/DIoU-SSD-pytorch/blob/master/utils/box/box_utils.py#L47
                v = (4 / math.pi ** 2) * (torch.atan(w2 / h2) - torch.atan(w1 / h1)).pow(2)
                with torch.no_grad():
                    alpha_ciou = v / (v - iou + (1 + eps))
                if Focal:
                    return iou - (rho2 / c2 + torch.pow(v * alpha_ciou + eps, alpha)), torch.pow(inter/(union + eps), gamma)  # Focal_CIoU
                else:
                    return iou - (rho2 / c2 + torch.pow(v * alpha_ciou + eps, alpha))  # CIoU
            elif EIoU:
                rho_w2 = ((b2_x2 - b2_x1) - (b1_x2 - b1_x1)) ** 2
                rho_h2 = ((b2_y2 - b2_y1) - (b1_y2 - b1_y1)) ** 2
                cw2 = torch.pow(cw ** 2 + eps, alpha)
                ch2 = torch.pow(ch ** 2 + eps, alpha)
                if Focal:
                    return iou - (rho2 / c2 + rho_w2 / cw2 + rho_h2 / ch2), torch.pow(inter/(union + eps), gamma) # Focal_EIou
                else:
                    return iou - (rho2 / c2 + rho_w2 / cw2 + rho_h2 / ch2) # EIou
            elif SIoU:
                # SIoU Loss https://arxiv.org/pdf/2205.12740.pdf
                s_cw = (b2_x1 + b2_x2 - b1_x1 - b1_x2) * 0.5 + eps
                s_ch = (b2_y1 + b2_y2 - b1_y1 - b1_y2) * 0.5 + eps
                sigma = torch.pow(s_cw ** 2 + s_ch ** 2, 0.5)
                sin_alpha_1 = torch.abs(s_cw) / sigma
                sin_alpha_2 = torch.abs(s_ch) / sigma
                threshold = pow(2, 0.5) / 2
                sin_alpha = torch.where(sin_alpha_1 > threshold, sin_alpha_2, sin_alpha_1)
                angle_cost = torch.cos(torch.arcsin(sin_alpha) * 2 - math.pi / 2)
                rho_x = (s_cw / cw) ** 2
                rho_y = (s_ch / ch) ** 2
                gamma = angle_cost - 2
                distance_cost = 2 - torch.exp(gamma * rho_x) - torch.exp(gamma * rho_y)
                omiga_w = torch.abs(w1 - w2) / torch.max(w1, w2)
                omiga_h = torch.abs(h1 - h2) / torch.max(h1, h2)
                shape_cost = torch.pow(1 - torch.exp(-1 * omiga_w), 4) + torch.pow(1 - torch.exp(-1 * omiga_h), 4)
                if Focal:
                    return iou - torch.pow(0.5 * (distance_cost + shape_cost) + eps, alpha), torch.pow(inter/(union + eps), gamma) # Focal_SIou
                else:
                    return iou - torch.pow(0.5 * (distance_cost + shape_cost) + eps, alpha) # SIou
            if Focal:
                return iou - rho2 / c2, torch.pow(inter/(union + eps), gamma)  # Focal_DIoU
            else:
                return iou - rho2 / c2  # DIoU
        c_area = cw * ch + eps  # convex area
        if Focal:
            return iou - torch.pow((c_area - union) / c_area + eps, alpha), torch.pow(inter/(union + eps), gamma)  # Focal_GIoU https://arxiv.org/pdf/1902.09630.pdf
        else:
            return iou - torch.pow((c_area - union) / c_area + eps, alpha)  # GIoU https://arxiv.org/pdf/1902.09630.pdf
    if Focal:
        return iou, torch.pow(inter/(union + eps), gamma)  # Focal_IoU
    else:
        return iou  # IoU

注意事项

1. 我认为Focal_EIoU的思想是可以用作与其他IoU的变种，因此我对里面所有的IoU都支持Focal_EIoU的思想，只需要设定Focal参数为True即可，我自己测试的过程中，除了Focal_SIoU出现loss为inf之外，其他的都正常，不过这个不同的数据集可能出现不一样，具体可以自行测试下。
2. gamma参数是Focal_EIoU中的gamma参数，一般就是为0.5，有需要可以自行更改。
3. alpha参数为AlphaIoU中的alpha参数，默认为1,1的意思就是跟正常的IoU一样，如果想采用AlphaIoU的话，论文alpha默认值为3。(比如我不想使用AlphaIoU的特性，我就把alpha设置为1就可以，如果我想使用AlphaIoU的特性，我可以设置alpha为3)。
4. 跟Focal_EIoU一样，我认为AlphaIoU的思想同样可以用在其他的IoU变种上，简单来说就是如果你设置了alpha为3，其他IoU设定的参数(GIoU，DIoU，CIoU，EIoU，SIoU)为False的时候，那就是AlphaIoU，如果你设置了alpha为3，CIoU为True的时候，那就是AlphaCIoU，效果的话就因数据集和模型而已，具体可以自行测试下。
5. 想用那个IoU变种，就直接设置参数为True即可。
6. AlphaIoU理论上与Focal_EIoU没有直接的冲突，但是作者这边没有详细测试过，这两者一起用会是什么效果，有兴趣可以自行测试下。

除了以上这个函数替换，还需要在utils/loss.py中ComputeLoss Class中的__call__和ComputeLossOTA Class中的__call__函数中修改一下：

原本的__call__函数如下：


主要对上述两个红框部分替换为以下代码：

if type(iou) is tuple:
    lbox += (iou[1].detach() * (1 - iou[0])).mean()
    iou = iou[0]
else:
    lbox += (1.0 - iou).mean()  # iou loss

原因是因为yolov7中的yaml配置文件有一个loss_ota的参数会选择采用哪一个Loss(ComputeLoss,ComputeLossOTA)，为了避免有一个不记得修改，就两个都一起修改即可。

最后修改参数就在调用bbox_iou中进行修改即可，比如上面的代码就是使用了CIoU，如果你想使用Focal_EIoU那么你可以修改为下：

iou = bbox_iou(pbox.T, selected_tbox, x1y1x2y2=False, EIoU=True, Focal=True) 

最后希望这篇文章可以帮助到大家。博文求点赞，github求star，谢谢啦！